From Scratch to Sketch: Deep Decoupled Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Sketching Agent
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present an automated learning framework for a robotic sketching agent that is capable of learning stroke-based rendering and motor control simultaneously. We formulate the robotic sketching problem as a deep decoupled hierarchical reinforcement learning; two policies for stroke-based rendering and motor control are learned independently to achieve sub-tasks for drawing, and form a hierarchy when cooperating for real-world drawing. Without hand-crafted features, drawing sequences or trajectories, and inverse kinematics, the proposed method trains the robotic sketching agent from scratch. We performed experiments with a 6-DoF robot arm with 2F gripper to sketch doodles. Our experimental results show that the two policies successfully learned the sub-tasks and collaborated to sketch the target images. Also, the robustness and flexibility were examined by varying drawing tools and surfaces.
Key facts. Cited by 2 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 17 of its 32 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Aug 2022.
Builds on
17 of 32 references.
References · 17
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- 2017A Neural Representation of Sketch Drawingscited by 311
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- 2018Synthesizing Programs for Images using Reinforced Adversarial Learningcited by 72
- 2019Learning to Paint With Model-based Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 70
- 2019Why Does Hierarchy (Sometimes) Work So Well in Reinforcement Learning?cited by 66
5 more
- 2018Many-Goals Reinforcement Learningcited by 22
- 2019Unsupervised Doodling and Painting with Improved SPIRALcited by 21
- 2017Learning Multi-Level Hierarchies with Hindsightcited by 19
- 2020Content Masked Loss: Human-Like Brush Stroke Planning in a Reinforcement Learning Painting Agentcited by 15
- 2020Artistic Style in Robotic Painting; a Machine Learning Approach to Learning Brushstroke from Human Artistscited by 6
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 0; 2025: 0; 2026: 1.
2 papers.