A new hope for network model generalization
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Generalizing machine learning (ML) models for network traffic dynamics tends to be considered a lost cause. Hence for every new task, we design new models and train them on model-specific datasets closely mimicking the deployment environments. Yet, an ML architecture called_Transformer_ has enabled previously unimaginable generalization in other domains. Nowadays, one can download a model pre-trained on massive datasets and only fine-tune it for a specific task and context with comparatively little time and data. These fine-tuned models are now state-of-the-art for many benchmarks. We believe this progress could translate to networking and propose a Network Traffic Transformer (NTT), a transformer adapted to learn network dynamics from packet traces. Our initial results are promising: NTT seems able to generalize to new prediction tasks and environments. This study suggests there is still hope for generalization, though it calls for a lot of future research.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Jul 2022.
Builds on
16 of 43 references.
References · 16
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4 more
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 4; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.
11 papers.
- 2024RACONTEUR: A Knowledgeable, Insightful, and Portable LLM-Powered Shell Command Explainercited by 9
- 2023LogPr'ecis: Unleashing Language Models for Automated Malicious Log Analysiscited by 8
- 2024NetFlowGen: Leveraging Generative Pre-training for Network Traffic Dynamicscited by 2
- 2025Self-Supervised Transformer-based Contrastive Learning for Intrusion Detection Systemscited by 2
- 2025An LLM-based Agentic Framework for Accessible Network Controlcited by 2
- 2024Modelling Concurrent RTP Flows for End-to-end Predictions of QoS in Real Time Communicationscited by 1
- 2025Application of Tabular Transformer Architectures for Operating System Fingerprintingcited by 1
- 2025m4: A Learned Flow-level Network Simulatorcited by 1
- 2026Which Deep Learner? A Systematic Evaluation of Advanced Deep Forecasting Models Accuracy and Efficiency for Network Traffic Predictioncited by 1
- 2024SwiftQueue: Optimizing Low-Latency Applications with Swift Packet Queuingcited by 0
- 2026From Simulation to Deep Learning: Survey on Network Performance Modeling Approachescited by 0
- 2026From Simulation to Deep Learning: Survey on Network Performance Modeling Approaches30 Mar 2026
- 2026Which Deep Learner? A Systematic Evaluation of Advanced Deep Forecasting Models Accuracy and Efficiency for Network Traffic Prediction6 Jan 2026
- 2025An LLM-based Agentic Framework for Accessible Network Control24 Sep 2025
- 2025Self-Supervised Transformer-based Contrastive Learning for Intrusion Detection Systems12 May 2025
- 2025m4: A Learned Flow-level Network Simulator3 Mar 2025
- 2025Application of Tabular Transformer Architectures for Operating System Fingerprinting13 Feb 2025
- 2024NetFlowGen: Leveraging Generative Pre-training for Network Traffic Dynamics30 Dec 2024
- 2024Modelling Concurrent RTP Flows for End-to-end Predictions of QoS in Real Time Communications21 Oct 2024
- 2024SwiftQueue: Optimizing Low-Latency Applications with Swift Packet Queuing8 Oct 2024
- 2024RACONTEUR: A Knowledgeable, Insightful, and Portable LLM-Powered Shell Command Explainer3 Sep 2024
- 2023LogPr'ecis: Unleashing Language Models for Automated Malicious Log Analysis17 Jul 2023