Worldwide AI Ethics: a review of 200 guidelines and recommendations for AI governance
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Abstract (arXiv)
The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) applications has experienced tremendous growth in recent years, bringing forth numerous benefits and conveniences. However, this expansion has also provoked ethical concerns, such as privacy breaches, algorithmic discrimination, security and reliability issues, transparency, and other unintended consequences. To determine whether a global consensus exists regarding the ethical principles that should govern AI applications and to contribute to the formation of future regulations, this paper conducts a meta-analysis of 200 governance policies and ethical guidelines for AI usage published by public bodies, academic institutions, private companies, and civil society organizations worldwide. We identified at least 17 resonating principles prevalent in the policies and guidelines of our dataset, released as an open-source database and tool. We present the limitations of performing a global scale analysis study paired with a critical analysis of our findings, presenting areas of consensus that should be incorporated into future regulatory efforts. All components tied to this work can be found in https://nkluge-correa.github.io/worldwide_AI-ethics/
Key facts. Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 124 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Jun 2022.
Builds on
18 of 124 references.
References · 18
- 2016Concrete Problems in AI Safetycited by 1,582
- 2016Neural Architecture Search with Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,489
- 2022Scaling Autoregressive Models for Content-Rich Text-to-Image Generationcited by 1,287
- 2019Energy and Policy Considerations for Deep Learning in NLPcited by 1,242
- 2021Carbon Emissions and Large Neural Network Trainingcited by 561
- 2021Unsolved Problems in ML Safetycited by 291
- 2019Risks from Learned Optimization in Advanced Machine Learning Systemscited by 250
- 2019Principles alone cannot guarantee ethical AIcited by 134
- 2019The Ethics of AI Ethics -- An Evaluation of Guidelinescited by 129
- 2019Artificial Intelligence: the global landscape of ethics guidelinescited by 107
- 2021The AI Index 2021 Annual Reportcited by 34
- 2020AI Research Considerations for Human Existential Safety (ARCHES)cited by 33
6 more
- 2022The AI Index 2022 Annual Reportcited by 18
- 2020AI safety: state of the field through quantitative lenscited by 9
- 2018Linking Artificial Intelligence Principlescited by 8
- 2019Modeling AGI Safety Frameworks with Causal Influence Diagramscited by 8
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 2; 2024: 5; 2025: 12; 2026: 8.
28 papers.
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- 2024Beyond principlism: Practical strategies for ethical AI use in research practicescited by 7
- 2024Can We Trust AI Agents? A Case Study of an LLM-Based Multi-Agent System for Ethical AIcited by 6
- 2023Survey on AI Ethics: A Socio-technical Perspectivecited by 4
- 2025AI and Human Oversight: A Risk-Based Framework for Alignmentcited by 4
- 2024Combining Insights From Multiple Large Language Models Improves Diagnostic Accuracycited by 2
- 2025Information Science Principles of Machine Learning: A Causal Chain Meta-Framework Based on Formalized Information Mappingcited by 2
- 2026What Drives Students' Use of AI Chatbots? Technology Acceptance in Conversational AIcited by 2
- 2022On the Efficiency of Ethics as a Governing Tool for Artificial Intelligencecited by 1
- 2023Trustworthy, responsible, ethical AI in manufacturing and supply chains: synthesis and emerging research questionscited by 1
- 2025Mapping Trustworthiness in Large Language Models: A Bibliometric Analysis Bridging Theory to Practicecited by 1
- 2025Bridging Ethical Principles and Algorithmic Methods: An Alternative Approach for Assessing Trustworthiness in AI Systemscited by 1
- 2025AI Workers, Geopolitics, and Algorithmic Collective Actioncited by 1
16 more
- 2024Beyond Algorithmic Fairness: A Guide to Develop and Deploy Ethical AI-Enabled Decision-Support Toolscited by 0
- 2024Technology as uncharted territory: Contextual integrity and the notion of AI as new ethical groundcited by 0
- 2025When Discourse Stalls: Moving Past Five Semantic Stopsigns about Generative AI in Design Researchcited by 0
- 2025Trustworthiness of Legal Considerations for the Use of LLMs in Educationcited by 0
- 2025Do Ethical AI Principles Matter to Users? A Large-Scale Analysis of User Sentiment and Satisfactioncited by 0
- 2025OpenConstruction: A Systematic Synthesis of Open Visual Datasets for Data-Centric Artificial Intelligence in Construction Monitoringcited by 0
- 2025Plural Voices, Single Agent: Towards Inclusive AI in Multi-User Domestic Spacescited by 0
- 2025The SMART+ Framework for AI Systemscited by 0
- 2025Evaluation of AI Ethics Tools in Language Models: A Developers' Perspective Case Studycited by 0
- 2026Retrieval Improvements Do Not Guarantee Better Answers: A Study of RAG for AI Policy QAcited by 0
- 2026Bureaucratic Silences: What the Canadian AI Register Reveals, Omits, and Obscurescited by 0
- 2026Ethics Testing: Proactive Identification of Generative AI System Harmscited by 0
- 2026To Build or Not to Build? Factors that Lead to Non-Development or Abandonment of AI Systemscited by 0
- 2026A Critical Analysis of Trustworthy AI Tools, Mark Frameworks, and the Implementation Chasmscited by 0
- 2026What We Know about Responsible AI Practices in Industry: A Half Decade of Empirical Researchcited by 0
- 2026The Hermon Moment: AI Self-Transcendence and Its Human Narrationcited by 0
- 2026The Hermon Moment: AI Self-Transcendence and Its Human Narration31 Aug 2026
- 2026What We Know about Responsible AI Practices in Industry: A Half Decade of Empirical Research11 Aug 2026
- 2026A Critical Analysis of Trustworthy AI Tools, Mark Frameworks, and the Implementation Chasms16 Jul 2026
- 2026To Build or Not to Build? Factors that Lead to Non-Development or Abandonment of AI Systems30 Apr 2026
- 2026Ethics Testing: Proactive Identification of Generative AI System Harms23 Apr 2026
- 2026Bureaucratic Silences: What the Canadian AI Register Reveals, Omits, and Obscures16 Apr 2026
- 2026Retrieval Improvements Do Not Guarantee Better Answers: A Study of RAG for AI Policy QA25 Mar 2026
- 2026What Drives Students' Use of AI Chatbots? Technology Acceptance in Conversational AI24 Feb 2026
- 2025Evaluation of AI Ethics Tools in Language Models: A Developers' Perspective Case Study16 Dec 2025
- 2025The SMART+ Framework for AI Systems9 Dec 2025
- 2025AI Workers, Geopolitics, and Algorithmic Collective Action21 Nov 2025
- 2025Plural Voices, Single Agent: Towards Inclusive AI in Multi-User Domestic Spaces21 Oct 2025
16 more
- 2025AI and Human Oversight: A Risk-Based Framework for Alignment10 Oct 2025
- 2025OpenConstruction: A Systematic Synthesis of Open Visual Datasets for Data-Centric Artificial Intelligence in Construction Monitoring15 Aug 2025
- 2025Do Ethical AI Principles Matter to Users? A Large-Scale Analysis of User Sentiment and Satisfaction8 Aug 2025
- 2025Trustworthiness of Legal Considerations for the Use of LLMs in Education5 Aug 2025
- 2025Bridging Ethical Principles and Algorithmic Methods: An Alternative Approach for Assessing Trustworthiness in AI Systems28 Jun 2025
- 2025Information Science Principles of Machine Learning: A Causal Chain Meta-Framework Based on Formalized Information Mapping19 May 2025
- 2025When Discourse Stalls: Moving Past Five Semantic Stopsigns about Generative AI in Design Research11 Mar 2025
- 2025Mapping Trustworthiness in Large Language Models: A Bibliometric Analysis Bridging Theory to Practice27 Feb 2025
- 2024Technology as uncharted territory: Contextual integrity and the notion of AI as new ethical ground6 Dec 2024
- 2024Can We Trust AI Agents? A Case Study of an LLM-Based Multi-Agent System for Ethical AI25 Oct 2024
- 2024Beyond Algorithmic Fairness: A Guide to Develop and Deploy Ethical AI-Enabled Decision-Support Tools17 Sep 2024
- 2024Combining Insights From Multiple Large Language Models Improves Diagnostic Accuracy13 Feb 2024
- 2024Beyond principlism: Practical strategies for ethical AI use in research practices27 Jan 2024
- 2023Survey on AI Ethics: A Socio-technical Perspective28 Nov 2023
- 2023Trustworthy, responsible, ethical AI in manufacturing and supply chains: synthesis and emerging research questions19 May 2023
- 2022On the Efficiency of Ethics as a Governing Tool for Artificial Intelligence27 Oct 2022
- 2024Beyond principlism: Practical strategies for ethical AI use in research practicescited by 7
- 2023Survey on AI Ethics: A Socio-technical Perspectivecited by 4
- 2025AI and Human Oversight: A Risk-Based Framework for Alignmentcited by 4
- 2024Combining Insights From Multiple Large Language Models Improves Diagnostic Accuracycited by 2
- 2025Information Science Principles of Machine Learning: A Causal Chain Meta-Framework Based on Formalized Information Mappingcited by 2
- 2026What Drives Students' Use of AI Chatbots? Technology Acceptance in Conversational AIcited by 2
- 2022On the Efficiency of Ethics as a Governing Tool for Artificial Intelligencecited by 1
- 2023Trustworthy, responsible, ethical AI in manufacturing and supply chains: synthesis and emerging research questionscited by 1
- 2025Mapping Trustworthiness in Large Language Models: A Bibliometric Analysis Bridging Theory to Practicecited by 1
- 2025Bridging Ethical Principles and Algorithmic Methods: An Alternative Approach for Assessing Trustworthiness in AI Systemscited by 1
- 2025AI Workers, Geopolitics, and Algorithmic Collective Actioncited by 1
- 2024Beyond Algorithmic Fairness: A Guide to Develop and Deploy Ethical AI-Enabled Decision-Support Toolscited by 0
12 most cited of 26 All 26 (JSON)
- 2026The Hermon Moment: AI Self-Transcendence and Its Human Narration31 Aug 2026
- 2026What We Know about Responsible AI Practices in Industry: A Half Decade of Empirical Research11 Aug 2026
- 2026A Critical Analysis of Trustworthy AI Tools, Mark Frameworks, and the Implementation Chasms16 Jul 2026
- 2026To Build or Not to Build? Factors that Lead to Non-Development or Abandonment of AI Systems30 Apr 2026
- 2026Ethics Testing: Proactive Identification of Generative AI System Harms23 Apr 2026
- 2026Bureaucratic Silences: What the Canadian AI Register Reveals, Omits, and Obscures16 Apr 2026
- 2026What Drives Students' Use of AI Chatbots? Technology Acceptance in Conversational AI24 Feb 2026
- 2025Evaluation of AI Ethics Tools in Language Models: A Developers' Perspective Case Study16 Dec 2025
- 2025The SMART+ Framework for AI Systems9 Dec 2025
- 2025AI Workers, Geopolitics, and Algorithmic Collective Action21 Nov 2025
- 2025Plural Voices, Single Agent: Towards Inclusive AI in Multi-User Domestic Spaces21 Oct 2025
- 2025AI and Human Oversight: A Risk-Based Framework for Alignment10 Oct 2025
12 newest of 26 All 26 (JSON)