Blind Face Restoration: Benchmark Datasets and a Baseline Model
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Abstract (arXiv)
Blind Face Restoration (BFR) aims to construct a high-quality (HQ) face image from its corresponding low-quality (LQ) input. Recently, many BFR methods have been proposed and they have achieved remarkable success. However, these methods are trained or evaluated on privately synthesized datasets, which makes it infeasible for the subsequent approaches to fairly compare with them. To address this problem, we first synthesize two blind face restoration benchmark datasets called EDFace-Celeb-1M (BFR128) and EDFace-Celeb-150K (BFR512). State-of-the-art methods are benchmarked on them under five settings including blur, noise, low resolution, JPEG compression artifacts, and the combination of them (full degradation). To make the comparison more comprehensive, five widely-used quantitative metrics and two task-driven metrics including Average Face Landmark Distance (AFLD) and Average Face ID Cosine Similarity (AFICS) are applied. Furthermore, we develop an effective baseline model called Swin Transformer U-Net (STUNet). The STUNet with U-net architecture applies an attention mechanism and a shifted windowing scheme to capture long-range pixel interactions and focus more on significant features while still being trained efficiently. Experimental results show that the proposed baseline method performs favourably against the SOTA methods on various BFR tasks.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 52 of its 79 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Jun 2022.
Builds on
52 of 79 references.
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50 most cited of 52 All 52 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 5; 2024: 3; 2025: 1.
10 papers.
- 2023Survey on Deep Face Restoration: From Non-blind to Blind and Beyondcited by 18
- 2022Deep Face Restoration: A Surveycited by 17
- 2024Visual Style Prompt Learning Using Diffusion Models for Blind Face Restorationcited by 8
- 2024Towards Real-world Video Face Restoration: A New Benchmarkcited by 6
- 2023Blind Face Restoration for Under-Display Camera via Dictionary Guided Transformercited by 5
- 2023Benchmarking Ultra-High-Definition Image Reflection Removalcited by 3
- 2023OPHAvatars: One-shot Photo-realistic Head Avatarscited by 1
- 2023Boosting Cross-Quality Face Verification using Blind Face Restorationcited by 1
- 2024AS-FIBA: Adaptive Selective Frequency-Injection for Backdoor Attack on Deep Face Restorationcited by 0
- 2025Degradation-Agnostic Statistical Facial Feature Transformation for Blind Face Restoration in Adverse Weather Conditionscited by 0
- 2025Degradation-Agnostic Statistical Facial Feature Transformation for Blind Face Restoration in Adverse Weather Conditions10 Jul 2025
- 2024Visual Style Prompt Learning Using Diffusion Models for Blind Face Restoration30 Dec 2024
- 2024Towards Real-world Video Face Restoration: A New Benchmark30 Apr 2024
- 2024AS-FIBA: Adaptive Selective Frequency-Injection for Backdoor Attack on Deep Face Restoration11 Mar 2024
- 2023Survey on Deep Face Restoration: From Non-blind to Blind and Beyond27 Sep 2023
- 2023Blind Face Restoration for Under-Display Camera via Dictionary Guided Transformer20 Aug 2023
- 2023Boosting Cross-Quality Face Verification using Blind Face Restoration15 Aug 2023
- 2023Benchmarking Ultra-High-Definition Image Reflection Removal1 Aug 2023
- 2023OPHAvatars: One-shot Photo-realistic Head Avatars18 Jul 2023
- 2022Deep Face Restoration: A Survey5 Nov 2022