Improving VAE-based Representation Learning
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Latent variable models like the Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) are commonly used to learn representations of images. However, for downstream tasks like semantic classification, the representations learned by VAE are less competitive than other non-latent variable models. This has led to some speculations that latent variable models may be fundamentally unsuitable for representation learning. In this work, we study what properties are required for good representations and how different VAE structure choices could affect the learned properties. We show that by using a decoder that prefers to learn local features, the remaining global features can be well captured by the latent, which significantly improves performance of a downstream classification task. We further apply the proposed model to semi-supervised learning tasks and demonstrate improvements in data efficiency.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 45 of its 73 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 May 2022.
Builds on
45 of 73 references.
References · 45
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
- 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
- 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
- 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 11,979
- 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,662
- 2019Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learningcited by 7,482
- 2015Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shiftcited by 6,979
- 2013Auto-Encoding Variational Bayescited by 3,980
- 2016Unsupervised Learning of Visual Representations by Solving Jigsaw Puzzlescited by 1,379
- 2019Generating Diverse High-Fidelity Images with VQ-VAE-2cited by 1,376
- 2016Understanding intermediate layers using linear classifier probescited by 1,279
33 more
- 2018Learning deep representations by mutual information estimation and maximizationcited by 1,265
- 2016Pixel Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 814
- 2015Deep Learning and the Information Bottleneck Principlecited by 793
- 2020NVAE: A Deep Hierarchical Variational Autoencodercited by 635
- 2019Designing and Interpreting Probes with Control Taskscited by 608
- 2014Semi-Supervised Learning with Deep Generative Modelscited by 494
- 2017PixelCNN++: Improving the PixelCNN with Discretized Logistic Mixture Likelihood and Other Modificationscited by 415
- 2015Adversarial Autoencoderscited by 359
- 2016Adversarial Feature Learningcited by 350
- 2020VirTex: Learning Visual Representations from Textual Annotationscited by 338
- 2016LIFT: Learned Invariant Feature Transformcited by 305
- 2020Why Normalizing Flows Fail to Detect Out-of-Distribution Datacited by 220
- 2021DetCo: Unsupervised Contrastive Learning for Object Detectioncited by 205
- 2021Retrieving and Reading: A Comprehensive Survey on Open-domain Question Answeringcited by 178
- 2017What do Neural Machine Translation Models Learn about Morphology?cited by 165
- 2018Inference Suboptimality in Variational Autoencoderscited by 131
- 2019Lagging Inference Networks and Posterior Collapse in Variational Autoencoderscited by 124
- 2017Unsupervised Learning by Predicting Noisecited by 97
- 2019Practical Lossless Compression with Latent Variables using Bits Back Codingcited by 85
- 2019Semi-Supervised Learning with Normalizing Flowscited by 76
- 2017Learning Disentangled Representations with Semi-Supervised Deep Generative Modelscited by 72
- 2016PixelVAE: A Latent Variable Model for Natural Imagescited by 69
- 2020Understanding Anomaly Detection with Deep Invertible Networks through Hierarchies of Distributions and Featurescited by 64
- 2019HiLLoC: Lossless Image Compression with Hierarchical Latent Variable Modelscited by 36
- 2020Learning Optimal Representations with the Decodable Information Bottleneckcited by 32
- 2021On the Out-of-distribution Generalization of Probabilistic Image Modellingcited by 32
- 2018Amortized Inference Regularizationcited by 30
- 2018Correction of AI systems by linear discriminants: Probabilistic foundationscited by 17
- 2022Generalization Gap in Amortized Inferencecited by 10
- 2019Invariant-equivariant representation learning for multi-class datacited by 6
- 2020High--Dimensional Brain in a High-Dimensional World: Blessing of Dimensionalitycited by 6
- 2022Parallel Neural Local Lossless Compressioncited by 4
- 2021Locally-Contextual Nonlinear CRFs for Sequence Labelingcited by 2
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 2; 2024: 2; 2025: 0; 2026: 1.
6 papers.
- 2022CLUTR: Curriculum Learning via Unsupervised Task Representation Learningcited by 19
- 2024A Probabilistic Model Behind Self-Supervised Learningcited by 5
- 2023Structural Adversarial Objectives for Self-Supervised Representation Learningcited by 2
- 2024Gaussian Mixture Vector Quantization with Aggregated Categorical Posteriorcited by 2
- 2026Learning Sparse Visual Representations via Spatial-Semantic Factorizationcited by 1
- 2023A Saliency-based Clustering Framework for Identifying Aberrant Predictionscited by 0
- 2026Learning Sparse Visual Representations via Spatial-Semantic Factorization2 Feb 2026
- 2024Gaussian Mixture Vector Quantization with Aggregated Categorical Posterior14 Oct 2024
- 2024A Probabilistic Model Behind Self-Supervised Learning2 Feb 2024
- 2023A Saliency-based Clustering Framework for Identifying Aberrant Predictions11 Nov 2023
- 2023Structural Adversarial Objectives for Self-Supervised Representation Learning30 Sep 2023
- 2022CLUTR: Curriculum Learning via Unsupervised Task Representation Learning19 Oct 2022