GALOIS: Boosting Deep Reinforcement Learning via Generalizable Logic Synthesis
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Abstract (arXiv)
Despite achieving superior performance in human-level control problems, unlike humans, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) lacks high-order intelligence (e.g., logic deduction and reuse), thus it behaves ineffectively than humans regarding learning and generalization in complex problems. Previous works attempt to directly synthesize a white-box logic program as the DRL policy, manifesting logic-driven behaviors. However, most synthesis methods are built on imperative or declarative programming, and each has a distinct limitation, respectively. The former ignores the cause-effect logic during synthesis, resulting in low generalizability across tasks. The latter is strictly proof-based, thus failing to synthesize programs with complex hierarchical logic. In this paper, we combine the above two paradigms together and propose a novel Generalizable Logic Synthesis (GALOIS) framework to synthesize hierarchical and strict cause-effect logic programs. GALOIS leverages the program sketch and defines a new sketch-based hybrid program language for guiding the synthesis. Based on that, GALOIS proposes a sketch-based program synthesis method to automatically generate white-box programs with generalizable and interpretable cause-effect logic. Extensive evaluations on various decision-making tasks with complex logic demonstrate the superiority of GALOIS over mainstream baselines regarding the asymptotic performance, generalizability, and great knowledge reusability across different environments.
Key facts. Cited by 16 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 25 of its 58 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 May 2022.
Builds on
25 of 58 references.
References · 25
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13 more
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 3; 2024: 8; 2025: 1; 2026: 4.
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- 2023Interpretable and Explainable Logical Policies via Neurally Guided Symbolic Abstractioncited by 46
- 2024Interpretable Concept Bottlenecks to Align Reinforcement Learning Agentscited by 23
- 2024LLMs for Relational Reasoning: How Far are We?cited by 21
- 2024BlendRL: A Framework for Merging Symbolic and Neural Policy Learningcited by 14
- 2023Neural Episodic Control with State Abstractioncited by 7
- 2024CodeArt: Better Code Models by Attention Regularization When Symbols Are Lackingcited by 7
- 2023Reinforcement Learning with Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: A Brief Surveycited by 5
- 2024Understanding What Affects the Generalization Gap in Visual Reinforcement Learning: Theory and Empirical Evidencecited by 5
- 2024Mitigating Information Loss in Tree-Based Reinforcement Learning via Direct Optimizationcited by 5
- 2025Neural DNF-MT: A Neuro-symbolic Approach for Learning Interpretable and Editable Policiescited by 4
- 2024Inductive Generalization in Reinforcement Learning from Specificationscited by 3
- 2024KnowPC: Knowledge-Driven Programmatic Reinforcement Learning for Zero-shot Coordinationcited by 2
4 more
- 2026Boosting deep Reinforcement Learning using pretraining with Logical Optionscited by 0
- 2026GRAIL: Autonomous Concept Grounding for Neuro-Symbolic Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026DiPRL: Learning Discrete Programmatic Policies via Architecture Entropy Regularizationcited by 0
- 2026Decoupled Behavioral Cloning for Scalable Inductive Generalization in RL from Specificationscited by 0
- 2026Decoupled Behavioral Cloning for Scalable Inductive Generalization in RL from Specifications30 May 2026
- 2026DiPRL: Learning Discrete Programmatic Policies via Architecture Entropy Regularization18 May 2026
- 2026GRAIL: Autonomous Concept Grounding for Neuro-Symbolic Reinforcement Learning18 Apr 2026
- 2026Boosting deep Reinforcement Learning using pretraining with Logical Options6 Mar 2026
- 2025Neural DNF-MT: A Neuro-symbolic Approach for Learning Interpretable and Editable Policies7 Jan 2025
- 2024BlendRL: A Framework for Merging Symbolic and Neural Policy Learning15 Oct 2024
- 2024Mitigating Information Loss in Tree-Based Reinforcement Learning via Direct Optimization16 Aug 2024
- 2024KnowPC: Knowledge-Driven Programmatic Reinforcement Learning for Zero-shot Coordination8 Aug 2024
- 2024Inductive Generalization in Reinforcement Learning from Specifications5 Jun 2024
- 2024CodeArt: Better Code Models by Attention Regularization When Symbols Are Lacking19 Feb 2024
- 2024Understanding What Affects the Generalization Gap in Visual Reinforcement Learning: Theory and Empirical Evidence5 Feb 2024
- 2024LLMs for Relational Reasoning: How Far are We?17 Jan 2024
4 more
- 2024Interpretable Concept Bottlenecks to Align Reinforcement Learning Agents11 Jan 2024
- 2023Interpretable and Explainable Logical Policies via Neurally Guided Symbolic Abstraction2 Jun 2023
- 2023Reinforcement Learning with Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: A Brief Survey24 Apr 2023
- 2023Neural Episodic Control with State Abstraction27 Jan 2023
- 2024Interpretable Concept Bottlenecks to Align Reinforcement Learning Agentscited by 23
- 2024Understanding What Affects the Generalization Gap in Visual Reinforcement Learning: Theory and Empirical Evidencecited by 5
- 2024Mitigating Information Loss in Tree-Based Reinforcement Learning via Direct Optimizationcited by 5
- 2025Neural DNF-MT: A Neuro-symbolic Approach for Learning Interpretable and Editable Policiescited by 4
- 2024Inductive Generalization in Reinforcement Learning from Specificationscited by 3
- 2024KnowPC: Knowledge-Driven Programmatic Reinforcement Learning for Zero-shot Coordinationcited by 2
- 2026Boosting deep Reinforcement Learning using pretraining with Logical Optionscited by 0
- 2026DiPRL: Learning Discrete Programmatic Policies via Architecture Entropy Regularizationcited by 0
- 2026DiPRL: Learning Discrete Programmatic Policies via Architecture Entropy Regularization18 May 2026
- 2026Boosting deep Reinforcement Learning using pretraining with Logical Options6 Mar 2026
- 2025Neural DNF-MT: A Neuro-symbolic Approach for Learning Interpretable and Editable Policies7 Jan 2025
- 2024Mitigating Information Loss in Tree-Based Reinforcement Learning via Direct Optimization16 Aug 2024
- 2024KnowPC: Knowledge-Driven Programmatic Reinforcement Learning for Zero-shot Coordination8 Aug 2024
- 2024Inductive Generalization in Reinforcement Learning from Specifications5 Jun 2024
- 2024Understanding What Affects the Generalization Gap in Visual Reinforcement Learning: Theory and Empirical Evidence5 Feb 2024
- 2024Interpretable Concept Bottlenecks to Align Reinforcement Learning Agents11 Jan 2024
- 2023Interpretable and Explainable Logical Policies via Neurally Guided Symbolic Abstractioncited by 46
- 2023Neural Episodic Control with State Abstractioncited by 7
- 2024CodeArt: Better Code Models by Attention Regularization When Symbols Are Lackingcited by 7
- 2023Reinforcement Learning with Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: A Brief Surveycited by 5
- 2024CodeArt: Better Code Models by Attention Regularization When Symbols Are Lacking19 Feb 2024
- 2023Interpretable and Explainable Logical Policies via Neurally Guided Symbolic Abstraction2 Jun 2023
- 2023Reinforcement Learning with Knowledge Representation and Reasoning: A Brief Survey24 Apr 2023
- 2023Neural Episodic Control with State Abstraction27 Jan 2023