mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Bringing Old Films Back to Life

arXiv 2203.17276 ↗First posted 31 Mar 2022cs.CV cs.GRcited by 31

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present a learning-based framework, recurrent transformer network (RTN), to restore heavily degraded old films. Instead of performing frame-wise restoration, our method is based on the hidden knowledge learned from adjacent frames that contain abundant information about the occlusion, which is beneficial to restore challenging artifacts of each frame while ensuring temporal coherency. Moreover, contrasting the representation of the current frame and the hidden knowledge makes it possible to infer the scratch position in an unsupervised manner, and such defect localization generalizes well to real-world degradations. To better resolve mixed degradation and compensate for the flow estimation error during frame alignment, we propose to leverage more expressive transformer blocks for spatial restoration. Experiments on both synthetic dataset and real-world old films demonstrate the significant superiority of the proposed RTN over existing solutions. In addition, the same framework can effectively propagate the color from keyframes to the whole video, ultimately yielding compelling restored films. The implementation and model will be released at https://github.com/raywzy/Bringing-Old-Films-Back-to-Life.

Key facts. Cited by 31 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 41 of its 55 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Mar 2022.

Builds on

41 of 55 references.

References · 41

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29 more
  1. 2015Accurate Image Super-Resolution Using Very Deep Convolutional Networkscited by 902
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  3. 2018Free-Form Image Inpainting with Gated Convolutioncited by 594
  4. 2021CSWin Transformer: A General Vision Transformer Backbone with Cross-Shaped Windowscited by 526
  5. 2021Designing a Practical Degradation Model for Deep Blind Image Super-Resolutioncited by 524
  6. 2017FFDNet: Toward a Fast and Flexible Solution for CNN based Image Denoisingcited by 509
  7. 2019EDVR: Video Restoration with Enhanced Deformable Convolutional Networkscited by 492
  8. 2020BasicVSR: The Search for Essential Components in Video Super-Resolution and Beyondcited by 303
  9. 2018Learning Blind Video Temporal Consistencycited by 247
  10. 2021BEVT: BERT Pretraining of Video Transformerscited by 169
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  14. 2019Deep Flow-Guided Video Inpaintingcited by 116
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  16. 2019Spatio-Temporal Filter Adaptive Network for Video Deblurringcited by 106
  17. 2020Flow-edge Guided Video Completioncited by 104
  18. 2017Coherent Online Video Style Transfercited by 96
  19. 2020Bringing Old Photos Back to Lifecited by 95
  20. 2019Free-form Video Inpainting with 3D Gated Convolution and Temporal PatchGANcited by 85
  21. 2018Deep Exemplar-based Colorizationcited by 82
  22. 2021PD-GAN: Probabilistic Diverse GAN for Image Inpaintingcited by 80
  23. 2019Deep Exemplar-based Video Colorizationcited by 75
  24. 2018Crafting a Toolchain for Image Restoration by Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 45
  25. 2019ViDeNN: Deep Blind Video Denoisingcited by 40
  26. 2019Fully Automatic Video Colorization with Self-Regularization and Diversitycited by 40
  27. 2020Old Photo Restoration via Deep Latent Space Translationcited by 27
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 11; 2024: 8; 2025: 4; 2026: 6.

31 papers.

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  1. 2022Recurrent Video Restoration Transformer with Guided Deformable Attentioncited by 168
  2. 2023Blind Video Deflickering by Neural Filtering with a Flawed Atlascited by 27
  3. 2023CAD: Photorealistic 3D Generation via Adversarial Distillationcited by 18
  4. 2022BiSTNet: Semantic Image Prior Guided Bidirectional Temporal Feature Fusion for Deep Exemplar-based Video Colorizationcited by 13
  5. 2023Transformer-based Generative Adversarial Networks in Computer Vision: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 10
  6. 2024ColorMNet: A Memory-based Deep Spatial-Temporal Feature Propagation Network for Video Colorizationcited by 8
  7. 2024MultiColor: Image Colorization by Learning from Multiple Color Spacescited by 6
  8. 2023ChromaDistill: Colorizing Monochrome Radiance Fields with Knowledge Distillationcited by 5
  9. 2023Modernizing Old Photos Using Multiple References via Photorealistic Style Transfercited by 4
  10. 2023Simulating analogue film damage to analyse and improve artefact restoration on high-resolution scanscited by 3
  11. 2023SVCNet: Scribble-based Video Colorization Network with Temporal Aggregationcited by 3
  12. 2023Reference-based Restoration of Digitized Analog Videotapescited by 3
19 more
  1. 2023Semantic Lens: Instance-Centric Semantic Alignment for Video Super-Resolutioncited by 2
  2. 2023ReBotNet: Fast Real-time Video Enhancementcited by 1
  3. 2023Restoration of Analog Videos Using Swin-UNetcited by 1
  4. 2024HyperColorization: Propagating spatially sparse noisy spectral clues for reconstructing hyperspectral imagescited by 1
  5. 2024L-C4: Language-Based Video Colorization for Creative and Consistent Colorcited by 1
  6. 2026Coloring the Noise: Adversarial Sobolev Alignment for Faithful Image Super Resolutioncited by 1
  7. 2026AbsoluteDegradation: A Physics-Inspired Synthetic Film-Degradation Pipeline and Archival Film Restoration Benchmarkcited by 1
  8. 2026Loop-Mamba: A Loop Mamba with Degradation-Aware and Shared Memory for Old Photo Restorationcited by 1
  9. 2024BlazeBVD: Make Scale-Time Equalization Great Again for Blind Video Deflickeringcited by 0
  10. 2024LatentColorization: Latent Diffusion-Based Speaker Video Colorizationcited by 0
  11. 2024ControlCol: Controllability in Automatic Speaker Video Colorizationcited by 0
  12. 2024Adaptive Domain Learning for Cross-domain Image Denoisingcited by 0
  13. 2025MambaVSR: Content-Aware Scanning State Space Model for Video Super-Resolutioncited by 0
  14. 2025PixelBoost: Leveraging Brownian Motion for Realistic-Image Super-Resolutioncited by 0
  15. 2025Instant Video Models: Universal Adapters for Stabilizing Image-Based Networkscited by 0
  16. 2025HaineiFRDM: Structure-Preserving Diffusion for Film Restoration under Fast Motion and Diverse Defectscited by 0
  17. 2026Improving Image-to-Image Translation via a Rectified Flow Reformulationcited by 0
  18. 2026SW-A2-Bench: Benchmarking Autonomous Software Agent Generation for Agentic Webcited by 0
  19. 2026DART: A Degradation-Aware Recurrent Transformer for Archival Film Restorationcited by 0