mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Preprocessing Reward Functions for Interpretability

arXiv 2203.13553 ↗First posted 25 Mar 2022cs.LGcited by 7

On the map: LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation → Reward modeling and RLHF

Abstract (arXiv)

In many real-world applications, the reward function is too complex to be manually specified. In such cases, reward functions must instead be learned from human feedback. Since the learned reward may fail to represent user preferences, it is important to be able to validate the learned reward function prior to deployment. One promising approach is to apply interpretability tools to the reward function to spot potential deviations from the user's intention. Existing work has applied general-purpose interpretability tools to understand learned reward functions. We propose exploiting the intrinsic structure of reward functions by first preprocessing them into simpler but equivalent reward functions, which are then visualized. We introduce a general framework for such reward preprocessing and propose concrete preprocessing algorithms. Our empirical evaluation shows that preprocessed rewards are often significantly easier to understand than the original reward.

Key facts. Cited by 7 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Reward modeling and RLHF, one of 10 directions in LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation. Builds on 16 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Mar 2022.

Builds on

16 of 31 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2019Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferences18 Sep
  2. 2018Reward learning from human preferences and demonstrations in Atari15 Nov
  3. 2018Learning to Understand Goal Specifications by Modelling Reward5 Jun
  4. 2017Deep reinforcement learning from human preferences12 Jun

Other references · 12

  1. 2016"Why Should I Trust You?": Explaining the Predictions of Any Classifiercited by 5,040
  2. 2019Dota 2 with Large Scale Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,084
  3. 2017Learning Robust Rewards with Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learningcited by 485
  4. 2019Extrapolating Beyond Suboptimal Demonstrations via Inverse Reinforcement Learning from Observationscited by 256
  5. 2018Programmatically Interpretable Reinforcement Learningcited by 192
  6. 2019Explainable Reinforcement Learning Through a Causal Lenscited by 177
  7. 2020Explainable Reinforcement Learning: A Surveycited by 139
  8. 2020Quantifying Differences in Reward Functionscited by 62
  9. 2022Invariance in Policy Optimisation and Partial Identifiability in Reward Learningcited by 46
  10. 2020Understanding Learned Reward Functionscited by 37
  11. 2019Preferences Implicit in the State of the Worldcited by 33
  12. 2021Causal Analysis of Agent Behavior for AI Safetycited by 4

Built on by

Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 2; 2024: 2; 2025: 1.

7 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2023On The Fragility of Learned Reward Functions
  2. 2023Can Differentiable Decision Trees Enable Interpretable Reward Learning from Human Feedback?
  3. 2025Interpretable Reward Modeling with Active Concept Bottlenecks
  4. 2026Reward Models Are Secretly Value Functions: Temporally Coherent Reward Modeling
  5. 2025Information-Theoretic Reward Decomposition for Generalizable RLHF
  6. 2021Interpretable Preference-based Reinforcement Learning with Tree-Structured Reward Functions
  7. 2026RewardExplainer: Learning Reward Model Explanations from Counterfactual Preference Feedback
  8. 2022Symbol Guided Hindsight Priors for Reward Learning from Human Preferences