VinDr-Mammo: A large-scale benchmark dataset for computer-aided diagnosis in full-field digital mammography
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Abstract (arXiv)
Mammography, or breast X-ray, is the most widely used imaging modality to detect cancer and other breast diseases. Recent studies have shown that deep learning-based computer-assisted detection and diagnosis (CADe or CADx) tools have been developed to support physicians and improve the accuracy of interpreting mammography. However, most published datasets of mammography are either limited on sample size or digitalized from screen-film mammography (SFM), hindering the development of CADe and CADx tools which are developed based on full-field digital mammography (FFDM). To overcome this challenge, we introduce VinDr-Mammo - a new benchmark dataset of FFDM for detecting and diagnosing breast cancer and other diseases in mammography. The dataset consists of 5,000 mammography exams, each of which has four standard views and is double read with disagreement (if any) being resolved by arbitration. It is created for the assessment of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) and density at the breast level. In addition, the dataset also provides the category, location, and BI-RADS assessment of non-benign findings. We make VinDr-Mammo publicly available on PhysioNet as a new imaging resource to promote advances in developing CADe and CADx tools for breast cancer screening.
Key facts. Cited by 83 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 3 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Mar 2022.
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 14; 2024: 19; 2025: 29; 2026: 20.
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- 2023Towards Generalist Biomedical AIcited by 286
- 2023Towards Generalist Foundation Model for Radiology by Leveraging Web-scale 2D&3D Medical Datacited by 176
- 2024Mammo-CLIP: A Vision Language Foundation Model to Enhance Data Efficiency and Robustness in Mammographycited by 35
- 2024MultiMedEval: A Benchmark and a Toolkit for Evaluating Medical Vision-Language Modelscited by 28
- 2024Interpretable Bilingual Multimodal Large Language Model for Diverse Biomedical Taskscited by 24
- 2025MedVAE: Efficient Automated Interpretation of Medical Images with Large-Scale Generalizable Autoencoderscited by 20
- 2023Large-scale Long-tailed Disease Diagnosis on Radiology Imagescited by 17
- 2024MedViLaM: A multimodal large language model with advanced generalizability and explainability for medical data understanding and generationcited by 17
- 2024Large Language Model Benchmarks in Medical Taskscited by 16
- 2024Robust image representations with counterfactual contrastive learningcited by 12
- 2023MAM-E: Mammographic synthetic image generation with diffusion modelscited by 11
- 2024MV-Swin-T: Mammogram Classification with Multi-view Swin Transformercited by 11
38 more
- 2023Towards Robust Natural-Looking Mammography Lesion Synthesis on Ipsilateral Dual-Views Breast Cancer Analysiscited by 10
- 2023Delving into Ipsilateral Mammogram Assessment under Multi-View Networkcited by 8
- 2025MedSG-Bench: A Benchmark for Medical Image Sequences Groundingcited by 8
- 2022An Accurate and Explainable Deep Learning System Improves Interobserver Agreement in the Interpretation of Chest Radiographcited by 7
- 2023K-Diag: Knowledge-enhanced Disease Diagnosis in Radiographic Imagingcited by 6
- 2024RadiomicsFill-Mammo: Synthetic Mammogram Mass Manipulation with Radiomics Featurescited by 5
- 2025Mammo-FM: Breast-specific foundational model for Integrated Mammographic Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Reportingcited by 5
- 2023In-context Cross-Density Adaptation on Noisy Mammogram Abnormalities Detectioncited by 4
- 2024Full Field Digital Mammography Dataset from a Population Screening Programcited by 4
- 2023DisAsymNet: Disentanglement of Asymmetrical Abnormality on Bilateral Mammograms using Self-adversarial Learningcited by 3
- 2024Prototype-based Interpretable Breast Cancer Prediction Models: Analysis and Challengescited by 3
- 2024ConPro: Learning Severity Representation for Medical Images using Contrastive Learning and Preference Optimizationcited by 3
- 2024Transferring Domain Knowledge with (X)AI-Based Learning Systemscited by 3
- 2025Trustworthy image-to-image translation: evaluating uncertainty calibration in unpaired training scenarioscited by 3
- 2025Bias and Generalizability of Foundation Models across Datasets in Breast Mammographycited by 3
- 2023BenchMD: A Benchmark for Unified Learning on Medical Images and Sensorscited by 2
- 2023TransReg: Cross-transformer as auto-registration module for multi-view mammogram mass detectioncited by 2
- 2025MedicalNarratives: Connecting Medical Vision and Language with Localized Narrativescited by 2
- 2025Multi-Modal Explainable Medical AI Assistant for Trustworthy Human-AI Collaborationcited by 2
- 2025Mammo-SAE: Interpreting Breast Cancer Concept Learning with Sparse Autoencoderscited by 2
- 2025A Hybrid CNN-VSSM model for Multi-View, Multi-Task Mammography Analysis: Robust Diagnosis with Attention-Based Fusioncited by 2
- 2025Exemplar Med-DETR: Toward Generalized and Robust Lesion Detection in Mammogram Images and beyondcited by 2
- 2023Improving Object Detection in Medical Image Analysis through Multiple Expert Annotators: An Empirical Investigationcited by 1
- 2023Improving Mass Detection in Mammography Images: A Study of Weakly Supervised Learning and Class Activation Map Methodscited by 1
- 2023Case-level Breast Cancer Prediction for Real Hospital Settingscited by 1
- 2024Attention-Guided Erasing: A Novel Augmentation Method for Enhancing Downstream Breast Density Classificationcited by 1
- 2024Mammo-Clustering: A Multi-views Tri-level Information Fusion Context Clustering Framework for Localization and Classification in Mammographycited by 1
- 2024MamT4: Multi-view Attention Networks for Mammography Cancer Classificationcited by 1
- 2025Semise: Semi-supervised learning for severity representation in medical imagecited by 1
- 2025Style transfer as data augmentation: evaluating unpaired image-to-image translation models in mammographycited by 1
- 2025Can Score-Based Generative Modeling Effectively Handle Medical Image Classification?cited by 1
- 2025A Multi-Modal AI System for Screening Mammography: Integrating 2D and 3D Imaging to Improve Breast Cancer Detection in a Prospective Clinical Studycited by 1
- 2025T-SYNTH: A Knowledge-Based Dataset of Synthetic Breast Imagescited by 1
- 2025Joint Holistic and Lesion Controllable Mammogram Synthesis via Gated Conditional Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2025Bidirectional Mammogram View Translation with Column-Aware and Implicit 3D Conditional Diffusioncited by 1
- 2025MammoClean: Toward Reproducible and Bias-Aware AI in Mammography through Dataset Harmonizationcited by 1
- 2026MIL-PF: Multiple Instance Learning on Precomputed Features for Mammography Classificationcited by 1
- 2026Attend what matters: Leveraging vision foundational models for breast cancer classification using mammogramscited by 1
50 most cited of 83 All 83 (JSON)
- 2026Solving the Needle-in-a-Haystack Problem in Mammography Vision-Language Model with Differentiable Subset Sampling2 Sep 2026
- 2026BreastMammo and DenseMammo: Benchmarks for Mammography Domain Generalization10 Aug 2026
- 2026LoRSA: Toward Generalizable Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Biomedical Downstream Tasks7 Aug 2026
- 2026Re-thinking Mammography Transfer Learning: The Dataset-Informed Transfer Learning (DITL) Framework for Breast Cancer Screening and Lesion Diagnosis28 Jul 2026
- 2026A Diagnostic Gap Framework for Evaluating Reconstruction Fidelity in Weakly Supervised Mammography22 Jul 2026
- 2026CANDOR: Chance-Calibrated Neighborhood Discordance in Frozen Encoders for Medical Imaging20 Jul 2026
- 2026Dataset-Origin Signatures and Shortcut Learning in Screening Mammography AI: A Cross-Dataset Case Study16 Jul 2026
- 2026Benchmarking the Robustness of Foundation Models for Mammography under Domain Shift11 Jul 2026
- 2026AEGIS: A Multi-Task Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture for Mammography30 Jun 2026
- 2026MammoFlow: Multiview Mammogram Synthesis with Anatomically Consistent Flow Matching26 Jun 2026
- 2026OTCHA: Optimal Transport-driven Confidence-aware Latent Hub Alignment for Multi-View Medical Image Classification18 Jun 2026
- 2026BreastGPT: A Multimodal Large Language Model for the Full Spectrum of Breast Cancer Clinical Routine3 Jun 2026
38 more
- 2026Cross-Modal Clinical Knowledge Integration for Mammography Report Generation29 May 2026
- 2026Attend what matters: Leveraging vision foundational models for breast cancer classification using mammograms21 Apr 2026
- 2026Causal Transfer in Medical Image Analysis25 Mar 2026
- 2026SetFlow: Generating Structured Sets of Representations for Multiple Instance Learning20 Mar 2026
- 2026MIL-PF: Multiple Instance Learning on Precomputed Features for Mammography Classification10 Mar 2026
- 2026MammoWise: Multi-Model Local RAG Pipeline for Mammography Report Generation25 Feb 2026
- 2026Free Lunch in Medical Image Foundation Model Pre-training via Randomized Synthesis and Disentanglement12 Feb 2026
- 2026Visualizing the Invisible: Enhancing Radiologist Performance in Breast Mammography via Task-Driven Chromatic Encoding7 Feb 2026
- 2025MGRegBench: A Novel Benchmark Dataset with Anatomical Landmarks for Mammography Image Registration19 Dec 2025
- 2025Mammo-FM: Breast-specific foundational model for Integrated Mammographic Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Reporting28 Nov 2025
- 2025MammoClean: Toward Reproducible and Bias-Aware AI in Mammography through Dataset Harmonization4 Nov 2025
- 2025MV-MLM: Bridging Multi-View Mammography and Language for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Risk Prediction30 Oct 2025
- 2025Breast Cancer VLMs: Clinically Practical Vision-Language Train-Inference Models29 Oct 2025
- 2025Bidirectional Mammogram View Translation with Column-Aware and Implicit 3D Conditional Diffusion6 Oct 2025
- 2025Mammo-CLIP Dissect: A Framework for Analysing Mammography Concepts in Vision-Language Models25 Sep 2025
- 2025A Contrastive Learning Framework for Breast Cancer Detection24 Sep 2025
- 2025Token-Based Detection of Spurious Correlations in Vision Transformers4 Sep 2025
- 2025DoSReMC: Domain Shift Resilient Mammography Classification using Batch Normalization Adaptation21 Aug 2025
- 2025AMRG: Extend Vision Language Models for Automatic Mammography Report Generation12 Aug 2025
- 2025Exemplar Med-DETR: Toward Generalized and Robust Lesion Detection in Mammogram Images and beyond25 Jul 2025
- 2025Joint Holistic and Lesion Controllable Mammogram Synthesis via Gated Conditional Diffusion Model25 Jul 2025
- 2025A Hybrid CNN-VSSM model for Multi-View, Multi-Task Mammography Analysis: Robust Diagnosis with Attention-Based Fusion22 Jul 2025
- 2025Mammo-SAE: Interpreting Breast Cancer Concept Learning with Sparse Autoencoders21 Jul 2025
- 2025Attention-Enhanced Deep Learning Ensemble for Breast Density Classification in Mammography8 Jul 2025
- 2025T-SYNTH: A Knowledge-Based Dataset of Synthetic Breast Images5 Jul 2025
- 2025MAMBO: High-Resolution Generative Approach for Mammography Images10 Jun 2025
- 2025MedSG-Bench: A Benchmark for Medical Image Sequences Grounding17 May 2025
- 2025Bias and Generalizability of Foundation Models across Datasets in Breast Mammography14 May 2025
- 2025Multi-Modal Explainable Medical AI Assistant for Trustworthy Human-AI Collaboration11 May 2025
- 2025A Multi-Modal AI System for Screening Mammography: Integrating 2D and 3D Imaging to Improve Breast Cancer Detection in a Prospective Clinical Study8 Apr 2025
- 2025Improving the generalization of deep learning models in the segmentation of mammography images28 Mar 2025
- 2025Can Score-Based Generative Modeling Effectively Handle Medical Image Classification?24 Feb 2025
- 2025MedVAE: Efficient Automated Interpretation of Medical Images with Large-Scale Generalizable Autoencoders20 Feb 2025
- 2025Style transfer as data augmentation: evaluating unpaired image-to-image translation models in mammography4 Feb 2025
- 2025Trustworthy image-to-image translation: evaluating uncertainty calibration in unpaired training scenarios29 Jan 2025
- 2025MedicalNarratives: Connecting Medical Vision and Language with Localized Narratives7 Jan 2025
- 2025Semise: Semi-supervised learning for severity representation in medical image7 Jan 2025
- 2024Hierarchical mutual distillation for multi-view fusion: Learning from all possible view combinations15 Nov 2024
50 newest of 83 All 83 (JSON)
- 2024Mammo-CLIP: A Vision Language Foundation Model to Enhance Data Efficiency and Robustness in Mammographycited by 35
- 2024MultiMedEval: A Benchmark and a Toolkit for Evaluating Medical Vision-Language Modelscited by 28
- 2024Interpretable Bilingual Multimodal Large Language Model for Diverse Biomedical Taskscited by 24
- 2024MedViLaM: A multimodal large language model with advanced generalizability and explainability for medical data understanding and generationcited by 17
- 2026BreastGPT: A Multimodal Large Language Model for the Full Spectrum of Breast Cancer Clinical Routinecited by 1
- 2025AMRG: Extend Vision Language Models for Automatic Mammography Report Generationcited by 0
- 2025Mammo-CLIP Dissect: A Framework for Analysing Mammography Concepts in Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026Solving the Needle-in-a-Haystack Problem in Mammography Vision-Language Model with Differentiable Subset Samplingcited by 0
- 2026Solving the Needle-in-a-Haystack Problem in Mammography Vision-Language Model with Differentiable Subset Sampling2 Sep 2026
- 2026BreastGPT: A Multimodal Large Language Model for the Full Spectrum of Breast Cancer Clinical Routine3 Jun 2026
- 2025Mammo-CLIP Dissect: A Framework for Analysing Mammography Concepts in Vision-Language Models25 Sep 2025
- 2025AMRG: Extend Vision Language Models for Automatic Mammography Report Generation12 Aug 2025
- 2024Interpretable Bilingual Multimodal Large Language Model for Diverse Biomedical Tasks24 Oct 2024
- 2024MedViLaM: A multimodal large language model with advanced generalizability and explainability for medical data understanding and generation29 Sep 2024
- 2024Mammo-CLIP: A Vision Language Foundation Model to Enhance Data Efficiency and Robustness in Mammography20 May 2024
- 2024MultiMedEval: A Benchmark and a Toolkit for Evaluating Medical Vision-Language Models14 Feb 2024
- 2023MAM-E: Mammographic synthetic image generation with diffusion modelscited by 11
- 2025Joint Holistic and Lesion Controllable Mammogram Synthesis via Gated Conditional Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2024Panoptic Segmentation of Mammograms with Text-To-Image Diffusion Modelcited by 0
- 2025MAMBO: High-Resolution Generative Approach for Mammography Imagescited by 0
- 2026MammoFlow: Multiview Mammogram Synthesis with Anatomically Consistent Flow Matchingcited by 0
- 2026MammoFlow: Multiview Mammogram Synthesis with Anatomically Consistent Flow Matching26 Jun 2026
- 2025Joint Holistic and Lesion Controllable Mammogram Synthesis via Gated Conditional Diffusion Model25 Jul 2025
- 2025MAMBO: High-Resolution Generative Approach for Mammography Images10 Jun 2025
- 2024Panoptic Segmentation of Mammograms with Text-To-Image Diffusion Model19 Jul 2024
- 2023MAM-E: Mammographic synthetic image generation with diffusion models16 Nov 2023
- 2023Towards Generalist Biomedical AIcited by 286
- 2023Towards Generalist Foundation Model for Radiology by Leveraging Web-scale 2D&3D Medical Datacited by 176
- 2025MedVAE: Efficient Automated Interpretation of Medical Images with Large-Scale Generalizable Autoencoderscited by 20
- 2023Large-scale Long-tailed Disease Diagnosis on Radiology Imagescited by 17
- 2024Large Language Model Benchmarks in Medical Taskscited by 16
- 2024Robust image representations with counterfactual contrastive learningcited by 12
- 2024MV-Swin-T: Mammogram Classification with Multi-view Swin Transformercited by 11
- 2023Towards Robust Natural-Looking Mammography Lesion Synthesis on Ipsilateral Dual-Views Breast Cancer Analysiscited by 10
- 2023Delving into Ipsilateral Mammogram Assessment under Multi-View Networkcited by 8
- 2022An Accurate and Explainable Deep Learning System Improves Interobserver Agreement in the Interpretation of Chest Radiographcited by 7
- 2023K-Diag: Knowledge-enhanced Disease Diagnosis in Radiographic Imagingcited by 6
- 2024RadiomicsFill-Mammo: Synthetic Mammogram Mass Manipulation with Radiomics Featurescited by 5
12 most cited of 68 All 68 (JSON)
- 2026BreastMammo and DenseMammo: Benchmarks for Mammography Domain Generalization10 Aug 2026
- 2026LoRSA: Toward Generalizable Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning for Biomedical Downstream Tasks7 Aug 2026
- 2026Re-thinking Mammography Transfer Learning: The Dataset-Informed Transfer Learning (DITL) Framework for Breast Cancer Screening and Lesion Diagnosis28 Jul 2026
- 2026A Diagnostic Gap Framework for Evaluating Reconstruction Fidelity in Weakly Supervised Mammography22 Jul 2026
- 2026CANDOR: Chance-Calibrated Neighborhood Discordance in Frozen Encoders for Medical Imaging20 Jul 2026
- 2026Dataset-Origin Signatures and Shortcut Learning in Screening Mammography AI: A Cross-Dataset Case Study16 Jul 2026
- 2026Benchmarking the Robustness of Foundation Models for Mammography under Domain Shift11 Jul 2026
- 2026AEGIS: A Multi-Task Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture for Mammography30 Jun 2026
- 2026OTCHA: Optimal Transport-driven Confidence-aware Latent Hub Alignment for Multi-View Medical Image Classification18 Jun 2026
- 2026Cross-Modal Clinical Knowledge Integration for Mammography Report Generation29 May 2026
- 2026Attend what matters: Leveraging vision foundational models for breast cancer classification using mammograms21 Apr 2026
- 2026Causal Transfer in Medical Image Analysis25 Mar 2026
12 newest of 68 All 68 (JSON)