Conversational Information Seeking
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Abstract (arXiv)
Conversational information seeking (CIS) is concerned with a sequence of interactions between one or more users and an information system. Interactions in CIS are primarily based on natural language dialogue, while they may include other types of interactions, such as click, touch, and body gestures. This monograph provides a thorough overview of CIS definitions, applications, interactions, interfaces, design, implementation, and evaluation. This monograph views CIS applications as including conversational search, conversational question answering, and conversational recommendation. Our aim is to provide an overview of past research related to CIS, introduce the current state-of-the-art in CIS, highlight the challenges still being faced in the community. and suggest future directions.
Key facts. Cited by 36 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 21 Jan 2022.
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 5; 2023: 13; 2024: 7; 2025: 9; 2026: 2.
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- 2023Prompting and Evaluating Large Language Models for Proactive Dialogues: Clarification, Target-guided, and Non-collaborationcited by 115
- 2023Leveraging Large Language Models in Conversational Recommender Systemscited by 63
- 2024Towards Human-centered Proactive Conversational Agentscited by 48
- 2022PACIFIC: Towards Proactive Conversational Question Answering over Tabular and Textual Data in Financecited by 45
- 2023Large Language Model Augmented Narrative Driven Recommendationscited by 31
- 2024A Survey on Recent Advances in Conversational Data Generationcited by 23
- 2024A Survey of Conversational Searchcited by 22
- 2025Are Generative AI Agents Effective Personalized Financial Advisors?cited by 18
- 2023Query Performance Prediction: From Ad-hoc to Conversational Searchcited by 16
- 2025GINGER: Grounded Information Nugget-Based Generation of Responsescited by 16
- 2022Alexa, Let's Work Together: Introducing the First Alexa Prize TaskBot Challenge on Conversational Task Assistancecited by 15
- 2023Social Learning: Towards Collaborative Learning with Large Language Modelscited by 15
24 more
- 2023Zero-shot Clarifying Question Generation for Conversational Searchcited by 14
- 2023Semantic Parsing for Conversational Question Answering over Knowledge Graphscited by 10
- 2024Aligning Query Representation with Rewritten Query and Relevance Judgments in Conversational Searchcited by 10
- 2023Talk the Walk: Synthetic Data Generation for Conversational Music Recommendationcited by 9
- 2024ConvSDG: Session Data Generation for Conversational Searchcited by 8
- 2025Conversational Gold: Evaluating Personalized Conversational Search System using Gold Nuggetscited by 8
- 2025Conversational Search: From Fundamentals to Frontiers in the LLM Eracited by 8
- 2023Query Understanding in the Age of Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2023Beyond Single Items: Exploring User Preferences in Item Sets with the Conversational Playlist Curation Datasetcited by 6
- 2024Simulating Task-Oriented Dialogues with State Transition Graphs and Large Language Modelscited by 6
- 2022OPERA: Harmonizing Task-Oriented Dialogs and Information Seeking Experiencecited by 5
- 2025Zero-Shot and Efficient Clarification Need Prediction in Conversational Searchcited by 4
- 2023Data Augmentation for Conversational AIcited by 3
- 2025Preference-based Learning with Retrieval Augmented Generation for Conversational Question Answeringcited by 3
- 2023What Types of Questions Require Conversation to Answer? A Case Study of AskReddit Questionscited by 1
- 2023Rating Prediction in Conversational Task Assistants with Behavioral and Conversational-Flow Featurescited by 1
- 2024Panmodal Information Interactioncited by 1
- 2025Personality over Precision: Exploring the Influence of Human-Likeness on ChatGPT Use for Searchcited by 1
- 2025Not All Transparency Is Equal: Source Presentation Effects on Attention, Interaction, and Persuasion in Conversational Searchcited by 1
- 2022Sparse and Dense Approaches for the Full-rank Retrieval of Responses for Dialoguescited by 0
- 2022Explainability of Text Processing and Retrieval Methods: A Surveycited by 0
- 2025Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 24352 -- Conversational Agents: A Framework for Evaluation (CAFE): Manifestocited by 0
- 2026CIR at iKAT SCAI 2026: Exploring Clarification Need Prediction in Agentic Conversational Searchcited by 0
- 2026REALMS: An AI-Assistant Conversational System for Real-Time Exact Audience Sizing over High-Dimensional Nested Profilescited by 0
- 2026REALMS: An AI-Assistant Conversational System for Real-Time Exact Audience Sizing over High-Dimensional Nested Profiles24 Sep 2026
- 2026CIR at iKAT SCAI 2026: Exploring Clarification Need Prediction in Agentic Conversational Search22 Jul 2026
- 2025Not All Transparency Is Equal: Source Presentation Effects on Attention, Interaction, and Persuasion in Conversational Search13 Dec 2025
- 2025Personality over Precision: Exploring the Influence of Human-Likeness on ChatGPT Use for Search9 Nov 2025
- 2025Conversational Search: From Fundamentals to Frontiers in the LLM Era12 Jun 2025
- 2025Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 24352 -- Conversational Agents: A Framework for Evaluation (CAFE): Manifesto8 Jun 2025
- 2025Are Generative AI Agents Effective Personalized Financial Advisors?8 Apr 2025
- 2025Preference-based Learning with Retrieval Augmented Generation for Conversational Question Answering28 Mar 2025
- 2025GINGER: Grounded Information Nugget-Based Generation of Responses23 Mar 2025
- 2025Conversational Gold: Evaluating Personalized Conversational Search System using Gold Nuggets12 Mar 2025
- 2025Zero-Shot and Efficient Clarification Need Prediction in Conversational Search28 Feb 2025
- 2024A Survey of Conversational Search21 Oct 2024
24 more
- 2024Aligning Query Representation with Rewritten Query and Relevance Judgments in Conversational Search29 Jul 2024
- 2024Panmodal Information Interaction21 May 2024
- 2024A Survey on Recent Advances in Conversational Data Generation12 May 2024
- 2024Simulating Task-Oriented Dialogues with State Transition Graphs and Large Language Models23 Apr 2024
- 2024Towards Human-centered Proactive Conversational Agents19 Apr 2024
- 2024ConvSDG: Session Data Generation for Conversational Search17 Mar 2024
- 2023Social Learning: Towards Collaborative Learning with Large Language Models18 Dec 2023
- 2023Rating Prediction in Conversational Task Assistants with Behavioral and Conversational-Flow Features20 Sep 2023
- 2023Data Augmentation for Conversational AI9 Sep 2023
- 2023Query Understanding in the Age of Large Language Models28 Jun 2023
- 2023Large Language Model Augmented Narrative Driven Recommendations4 Jun 2023
- 2023Prompting and Evaluating Large Language Models for Proactive Dialogues: Clarification, Target-guided, and Non-collaboration23 May 2023
- 2023Query Performance Prediction: From Ad-hoc to Conversational Search18 May 2023
- 2023Leveraging Large Language Models in Conversational Recommender Systems13 May 2023
- 2023What Types of Questions Require Conversation to Answer? A Case Study of AskReddit Questions30 Mar 2023
- 2023Beyond Single Items: Exploring User Preferences in Item Sets with the Conversational Playlist Curation Dataset13 Mar 2023
- 2023Zero-shot Clarifying Question Generation for Conversational Search30 Jan 2023
- 2023Semantic Parsing for Conversational Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs28 Jan 2023
- 2023Talk the Walk: Synthetic Data Generation for Conversational Music Recommendation27 Jan 2023
- 2022Explainability of Text Processing and Retrieval Methods: A Survey14 Dec 2022
- 2022PACIFIC: Towards Proactive Conversational Question Answering over Tabular and Textual Data in Finance17 Oct 2022
- 2022Alexa, Let's Work Together: Introducing the First Alexa Prize TaskBot Challenge on Conversational Task Assistance13 Sep 2022
- 2022OPERA: Harmonizing Task-Oriented Dialogs and Information Seeking Experience24 Jun 2022
- 2022Sparse and Dense Approaches for the Full-rank Retrieval of Responses for Dialogues22 Apr 2022
- 2025GINGER: Grounded Information Nugget-Based Generation of Responsescited by 16
- 2025Conversational Gold: Evaluating Personalized Conversational Search System using Gold Nuggetscited by 8
- 2024Simulating Task-Oriented Dialogues with State Transition Graphs and Large Language Modelscited by 6
- 2025Preference-based Learning with Retrieval Augmented Generation for Conversational Question Answeringcited by 3
- 2025Preference-based Learning with Retrieval Augmented Generation for Conversational Question Answering28 Mar 2025
- 2025GINGER: Grounded Information Nugget-Based Generation of Responses23 Mar 2025
- 2025Conversational Gold: Evaluating Personalized Conversational Search System using Gold Nuggets12 Mar 2025
- 2024Simulating Task-Oriented Dialogues with State Transition Graphs and Large Language Models23 Apr 2024
- 2023Prompting and Evaluating Large Language Models for Proactive Dialogues: Clarification, Target-guided, and Non-collaborationcited by 115
- 2023Leveraging Large Language Models in Conversational Recommender Systemscited by 63
- 2024Towards Human-centered Proactive Conversational Agentscited by 48
- 2022PACIFIC: Towards Proactive Conversational Question Answering over Tabular and Textual Data in Financecited by 45
- 2023Large Language Model Augmented Narrative Driven Recommendationscited by 31
- 2024A Survey on Recent Advances in Conversational Data Generationcited by 23
- 2024A Survey of Conversational Searchcited by 22
- 2023Query Performance Prediction: From Ad-hoc to Conversational Searchcited by 16
- 2022Alexa, Let's Work Together: Introducing the First Alexa Prize TaskBot Challenge on Conversational Task Assistancecited by 15
- 2023Social Learning: Towards Collaborative Learning with Large Language Modelscited by 15
- 2023Zero-shot Clarifying Question Generation for Conversational Searchcited by 14
- 2023Semantic Parsing for Conversational Question Answering over Knowledge Graphscited by 10
12 most cited of 29 All 29 (JSON)
- 2026REALMS: An AI-Assistant Conversational System for Real-Time Exact Audience Sizing over High-Dimensional Nested Profiles24 Sep 2026
- 2025Not All Transparency Is Equal: Source Presentation Effects on Attention, Interaction, and Persuasion in Conversational Search13 Dec 2025
- 2025Personality over Precision: Exploring the Influence of Human-Likeness on ChatGPT Use for Search9 Nov 2025
- 2025Conversational Search: From Fundamentals to Frontiers in the LLM Era12 Jun 2025
- 2025Dagstuhl Perspectives Workshop 24352 -- Conversational Agents: A Framework for Evaluation (CAFE): Manifesto8 Jun 2025
- 2025Zero-Shot and Efficient Clarification Need Prediction in Conversational Search28 Feb 2025
- 2024A Survey of Conversational Search21 Oct 2024
- 2024Aligning Query Representation with Rewritten Query and Relevance Judgments in Conversational Search29 Jul 2024
- 2024Panmodal Information Interaction21 May 2024
- 2024A Survey on Recent Advances in Conversational Data Generation12 May 2024
- 2024Towards Human-centered Proactive Conversational Agents19 Apr 2024
- 2024ConvSDG: Session Data Generation for Conversational Search17 Mar 2024
12 newest of 29 All 29 (JSON)