mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Logic Traps in Evaluating Attribution Scores

arXiv 2109.05463 ↗First posted 12 Sep 2021cs.LG cs.AI cs.CLcited by 18

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Abstract (arXiv)

Modern deep learning models are notoriously opaque, which has motivated the development of methods for interpreting how deep models predict. This goal is usually approached with attribution method, which assesses the influence of features on model predictions. As an explanation method, the evaluation criteria of attribution methods is how accurately it re-reflects the actual reasoning process of the model (faithfulness). Meanwhile, since the reasoning process of deep models is inaccessible, researchers design various evaluation methods to demonstrate their arguments. However, some crucial logic traps in these evaluation methods are ignored in most works, causing inaccurate evaluation and unfair comparison. This paper systematically reviews existing methods for evaluating attribution scores and summarizes the logic traps in these methods. We further conduct experiments to demonstrate the existence of each logic trap. Through both the theoretical and experimental analysis, we hope to increase attention on the inaccurate evaluation of attribution scores. Moreover, with this paper, we suggest stopping focusing on improving performance under unreliable evaluation systems and starting efforts on reducing the impact of proposed logic traps

Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 39 of its 56 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Sep 2021.

Builds on

39 of 56 references.

References · 39

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 4; 2023: 3; 2024: 8; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.

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  1. 2022Towards Faithful Model Explanation in NLP: A Surveycited by 129
  2. 2024F-Fidelity: A Robust Framework for Faithfulness Evaluation of Explainable AIcited by 17
  3. 2023Towards Explainable Evaluation Metrics for Machine Translationcited by 15
  4. 2023Incorporating Attribution Importance for Improving Faithfulness Metricscited by 14
  5. 2025Why and How LLMs Hallucinate: Connecting the Dots with Subsequence Associationscited by 14
  6. 2022The Solvability of Interpretability Evaluation Metricscited by 11
  7. 2024Normalized AOPC: Fixing Misleading Faithfulness Metrics for Feature Attribution Explainabilitycited by 10
  8. 2022Analyzing Explainer Robustness via Probabilistic Lipschitzness of Prediction Functionscited by 6
  9. 2023Towards Faithful Explanations for Text Classification with Robustness Improvement and Explanation Guided Trainingcited by 4
  10. 2024Investigating the Impact of Model Instability on Explanations and Uncertaintycited by 3
  11. 2024Explanations that reveal all through the definition of encodingcited by 3
  12. 2024Faithfulness and the Notion of Adversarial Sensitivity in NLP Explanationscited by 2
6 more
  1. 2025Attribution Explanations for Deep Neural Networks: A Theoretical Perspectivecited by 2
  2. 2022Generating Hierarchical Explanations on Text Classification Without Connecting Rulescited by 1
  3. 2024Advancing Attribution-Based Neural Network Explainability through Relative Absolute Magnitude Layer-Wise Relevance Propagation and Multi-Component Evaluationcited by 1
  4. 2024Reconciling Privacy and Explainability in High-Stakes: A Systematic Inquirycited by 1
  5. 2024Saliency Methods are Encoders: Analysing Logical Relations Towards Interpretationcited by 0
  6. 2026Measuring Explainer Stability via Attribution Separabilitycited by 0