Speaker-Conditioned Hierarchical Modeling for Automated Speech Scoring
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Abstract (arXiv)
Automatic Speech Scoring (ASS) is the computer-assisted evaluation of a candidate's speaking proficiency in a language. ASS systems face many challenges like open grammar, variable pronunciations, and unstructured or semi-structured content. Recent deep learning approaches have shown some promise in this domain. However, most of these approaches focus on extracting features from a single audio, making them suffer from the lack of speaker-specific context required to model such a complex task. We propose a novel deep learning technique for non-native ASS, called speaker-conditioned hierarchical modeling. In our technique, we take advantage of the fact that oral proficiency tests rate multiple responses for a candidate. We extract context vectors from these responses and feed them as additional speaker-specific context to our network to score a particular response. We compare our technique with strong baselines and find that such modeling improves the model's average performance by 6.92% (maximum = 12.86%, minimum = 4.51%). We further show both quantitative and qualitative insights into the importance of this additional context in solving the problem of ASS.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 76 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Aug 2021.
Builds on
24 of 76 references.
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12 more
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 0; 2023: 1; 2024: 1; 2025: 3.
8 papers.
- 2024Exploring the Capabilities of Prompted Large Language Models in Educational and Assessment Applicationscited by 12
- 2021Automated Speech Scoring System Under The Lens: Evaluating and interpreting the linguistic cues for language proficiencycited by 6
- 2021AES Systems Are Both Overstable And Oversensitive: Explaining Why And Proposing Defensescited by 5
- 2021Using Sampling to Estimate and Improve Performance of Automated Scoring Systems with Guaranteescited by 5
- 2023Addressing Cold Start Problem for End-to-end Automatic Speech Scoringcited by 3
- 2025Towards Smarter Hiring: Are Zero-Shot and Few-Shot Pre-trained LLMs Ready for HR Spoken Interview Transcript Analysis?cited by 0
- 2025Automatic Proficiency Assessment in L2 English Learnerscited by 0
- 2025MuFFIN: Multifaceted Pronunciation Feedback Model with Interactive Hierarchical Neural Modelingcited by 0
- 2025MuFFIN: Multifaceted Pronunciation Feedback Model with Interactive Hierarchical Neural Modeling6 Oct 2025
- 2025Automatic Proficiency Assessment in L2 English Learners5 May 2025
- 2025Towards Smarter Hiring: Are Zero-Shot and Few-Shot Pre-trained LLMs Ready for HR Spoken Interview Transcript Analysis?8 Apr 2025
- 2024Exploring the Capabilities of Prompted Large Language Models in Educational and Assessment Applications19 May 2024
- 2023Addressing Cold Start Problem for End-to-end Automatic Speech Scoring25 Jun 2023
- 2021Automated Speech Scoring System Under The Lens: Evaluating and interpreting the linguistic cues for language proficiency30 Nov 2021
- 2021Using Sampling to Estimate and Improve Performance of Automated Scoring Systems with Guarantees17 Nov 2021
- 2021AES Systems Are Both Overstable And Oversensitive: Explaining Why And Proposing Defenses24 Sep 2021