Continual learning in cross-modal retrieval
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Abstract (arXiv)
Multimodal representations and continual learning are two areas closely related to human intelligence. The former considers the learning of shared representation spaces where information from different modalities can be compared and integrated (we focus on cross-modal retrieval between language and visual representations). The latter studies how to prevent forgetting a previously learned task when learning a new one. While humans excel in these two aspects, deep neural networks are still quite limited. In this paper, we propose a combination of both problems into a continual cross-modal retrieval setting, where we study how the catastrophic interference caused by new tasks impacts the embedding spaces and their cross-modal alignment required for effective retrieval. We propose a general framework that decouples the training, indexing and querying stages. We also identify and study different factors that may lead to forgetting, and propose tools to alleviate it. We found that the indexing stage pays an important role and that simply avoiding reindexing the database with updated embedding networks can lead to significant gains. We evaluated our methods in two image-text retrieval datasets, obtaining significant gains with respect to the fine tuning baseline.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 54 of its 76 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 Apr 2021.
Builds on
54 of 76 references.
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38 more
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50 most cited of 54 All 54 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 2; 2025: 5; 2026: 2.
10 papers.
- 2025Continual Learning for VLMs: A Survey and Taxonomy Beyond Forgettingcited by 16
- 2024Continual Learning for Smart City: A Surveycited by 9
- 2025CIBR: Cross-modal Information Bottleneck Regularization for Robust CLIP Generalizationcited by 6
- 2023Advancing continual lifelong learning in neural information retrieval: definition, dataset, framework, and empirical evaluationcited by 5
- 2025Query Drift Compensation: Enabling Compatibility in Continual Learning of Retrieval Embedding Modelscited by 5
- 2024Towards Cross-modal Backward-compatible Representation Learning for Vision-Language Modelscited by 4
- 2025Harmony: A Unified Framework for Modality Incremental Learningcited by 3
- 2026Beyond Classification: Dynamic Adapter Routing for Continual Multimodal Retrievalcited by 1
- 2025BRAIN: Bias-Mitigation Continual Learning Approach to Vision-Brain Understandingcited by 0
- 2026AlphaWiSE: Adaptive Weight Interpolation for Continual Multimodal Representation Learningcited by 0
- 2026AlphaWiSE: Adaptive Weight Interpolation for Continual Multimodal Representation Learning16 Jul 2026
- 2026Beyond Classification: Dynamic Adapter Routing for Continual Multimodal Retrieval29 May 2026
- 2025BRAIN: Bias-Mitigation Continual Learning Approach to Vision-Brain Understanding25 Aug 2025
- 2025Continual Learning for VLMs: A Survey and Taxonomy Beyond Forgetting6 Aug 2025
- 2025Query Drift Compensation: Enabling Compatibility in Continual Learning of Retrieval Embedding Models27 May 2025
- 2025Harmony: A Unified Framework for Modality Incremental Learning17 Apr 2025
- 2025CIBR: Cross-modal Information Bottleneck Regularization for Robust CLIP Generalization31 Mar 2025
- 2024Towards Cross-modal Backward-compatible Representation Learning for Vision-Language Models23 May 2024
- 2024Continual Learning for Smart City: A Survey1 Apr 2024
- 2023Advancing continual lifelong learning in neural information retrieval: definition, dataset, framework, and empirical evaluation16 Aug 2023