mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

ALADIN: All Layer Adaptive Instance Normalization for Fine-grained Style Similarity

arXiv 2103.09776 ↗First posted 17 Mar 2021cs.CVcited by 34

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Abstract (arXiv)

We present ALADIN (All Layer AdaIN); a novel architecture for searching images based on the similarity of their artistic style. Representation learning is critical to visual search, where distance in the learned search embedding reflects image similarity. Learning an embedding that discriminates fine-grained variations in style is hard, due to the difficulty of defining and labelling style. ALADIN takes a weakly supervised approach to learning a representation for fine-grained style similarity of digital artworks, leveraging BAM-FG, a novel large-scale dataset of user generated content groupings gathered from the web. ALADIN sets a new state of the art accuracy for style-based visual search over both coarse labelled style data (BAM) and BAM-FG; a new 2.62 million image dataset of 310,000 fine-grained style groupings also contributed by this work.

Key facts. Cited by 34 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Mar 2021.

Builds on

24 of 41 references.

References · 24

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
  2. 2014Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognitioncited by 15,267
  3. 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 11,979
  4. 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,986
  5. 2020Supervised Contrastive Learningcited by 2,803
  6. 2016Perceptual Losses for Real-Time Style Transfer and Super-Resolutioncited by 2,678
  7. 2017Arbitrary Style Transfer in Real-time with Adaptive Instance Normalizationcited by 1,998
  8. 2016Instance Normalization: The Missing Ingredient for Fast Stylizationcited by 1,187
  9. 2018Multimodal Unsupervised Image-to-Image Translationcited by 795
  10. 2017Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation using Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networkscited by 707
  11. 2020Swapping Autoencoder for Deep Image Manipulationcited by 215
  12. 2019Learning with Average Precision: Training Image Retrieval with a Listwise Losscited by 184
12 more
  1. 2016Texture Networks: Feed-forward Synthesis of Textures and Stylized Imagescited by 173
  2. 2017Visual Attribute Transfer through Deep Image Analogycited by 123
  3. 2021ArtEmis: Affective Language for Visual Artcited by 103
  4. 2017Exploring the structure of a real-time, arbitrary neural artistic stylization networkcited by 89
  5. 2013Recognizing Image Stylecited by 64
  6. 2016Artistic style transfer for videoscited by 54
  7. 2016Selective Convolutional Descriptor Aggregation for Fine-Grained Image Retrievalcited by 44
  8. 2017BAM! The Behance Artistic Media Dataset for Recognition Beyond Photographycited by 43
  9. 2016Multimodal Transfer: A Hierarchical Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Fast Artistic Style Transfercited by 30
  10. 2017OmniArt: Multi-task Deep Learning for Artistic Data Analysiscited by 16
  11. 2016From A to Z: Supervised Transfer of Style and Content Using Deep Neural Network Generatorscited by 14
  12. 2015Visualizing and Understanding Deep Texture Representationscited by 3

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 5; 2023: 11; 2024: 9; 2025: 4; 2026: 4.

34 papers.

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  1. 2022Diffusion Art or Digital Forgery? Investigating Data Replication in Diffusion Modelscited by 418
  2. 2024Measuring Style Similarity in Diffusion Modelscited by 106
  3. 2021Learning Disentangled Representations in the Imaging Domaincited by 46
  4. 2023Evaluating Data Attribution for Text-to-Image Modelscited by 45
  5. 2024StyleTokenizer: Defining Image Style by a Single Instance for Controlling Diffusion Modelscited by 32
  6. 2023Co-Evolution of Pose and Mesh for 3D Human Body Estimation from Videocited by 25
  7. 2024Data Attribution for Text-to-Image Models by Unlearning Synthesized Imagescited by 22
  8. 2023Not Only Generative Art: Stable Diffusion for Content-Style Disentanglement in Art Analysiscited by 18
  9. 2024ProMark: Proactive Diffusion Watermarking for Causal Attributioncited by 16
  10. 2022CoGS: Controllable Generation and Search from Sketch and Stylecited by 14
  11. 2022StyleBabel: Artistic Style Tagging and Captioningcited by 12
  12. 2023EKILA: Synthetic Media Provenance and Attribution for Generative Artcited by 11
22 more
  1. 2022Rethinking Generalization: The Impact of Annotation Style on Medical Image Segmentationcited by 10
  2. 2023Simple Disentanglement of Style and Content in Visual Representationscited by 10
  3. 2022HyperNST: Hyper-Networks for Neural Style Transfercited by 7
  4. 2024U Can't Gen This? A Survey of Intellectual Property Protection Methods for Data in Generative AIcited by 7
  5. 2024A LoRA is Worth a Thousand Picturescited by 7
  6. 2023Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in Machine Learning-Powered Networks: A Contemporary Surveycited by 5
  7. 2023PARASOL: Parametric Style Control for Diffusion Image Synthesiscited by 5
  8. 2023DIFF-NST: Diffusion Interleaving For deFormable Neural Style Transfercited by 5
  9. 2025SCFlow: Implicitly Learning Style and Content Disentanglement with Flow Modelscited by 5
  10. 2023NeAT: Neural Artistic Tracing for Beautiful Style Transfercited by 4
  11. 2025StyleProtect: Safeguarding Artistic Identity in Fine-tuned Diffusion Modelscited by 4
  12. 2023ALADIN-NST: Self-supervised disentangled representation learning of artistic style through Neural Style Transfercited by 3
  13. 2024Style-based Clustering of Visual Artworks and the Play of Neural Style-Representationscited by 3
  14. 2024IntroStyle: Training-Free Introspective Style Attribution using Diffusion Featurescited by 3
  15. 2026StyleDecoupler: Generalizable Artistic Style Disentanglementcited by 3
  16. 2023Self-supervised Multi-view Disentanglement for Expansion of Visual Collectionscited by 1
  17. 2025Identifying Prompted Artist Names from Generated Imagescited by 1
  18. 2025Leveraging Diffusion Models for Stylization using Multiple Style Imagescited by 1
  19. 2026Unsupervised Synthetic Image Attribution: Alignment and Disentanglementcited by 1
  20. 2024FedStyle: Style-Based Federated Learning Crowdsourcing Framework for Art Commissionscited by 0
  21. 2026TokenTrace: Multi-Concept Attribution through Watermarked Token Recoverycited by 0
  22. 2026ORAV: Benchmarking Audio-Video Generation from Multimodal Contextscited by 0