MultiSubs: A Large-scale Multimodal and Multilingual Dataset
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper introduces a large-scale multimodal and multilingual dataset that aims to facilitate research on grounding words to images in their contextual usage in language. The dataset consists of images selected to unambiguously illustrate concepts expressed in sentences from movie subtitles. The dataset is a valuable resource as (i) the images are aligned to text fragments rather than whole sentences; (ii) multiple images are possible for a text fragment and a sentence; (iii) the sentences are free-form and real-world like; (iv) the parallel texts are multilingual. We set up a fill-in-the-blank game for humans to evaluate the quality of the automatic image selection process of our dataset. We show the utility of the dataset on two automatic tasks: (i) fill-in-the-blank; (ii) lexical translation. Results of the human evaluation and automatic models demonstrate that images can be a useful complement to the textual context. The dataset will benefit research on visual grounding of words especially in the context of free-form sentences, and can be obtained from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5034604 under a Creative Commons licence.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 17 of its 39 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Mar 2021.
Builds on
17 of 39 references.
References · 17
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5 more
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 3; 2023: 2; 2024: 1; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
10 papers.
- 2021xGQA: Cross-Lingual Visual Question Answeringcited by 72
- 2022IGLUE: A Benchmark for Transfer Learning across Modalities, Tasks, and Languagescited by 54
- 2021Vision Matters When It Should: Sanity Checking Multimodal Machine Translation Modelscited by 21
- 2023BigVideo: A Large-scale Video Subtitle Translation Dataset for Multimodal Machine Translationcited by 9
- 2022Delving Deeper into Cross-lingual Visual Question Answeringcited by 8
- 20243AM: An Ambiguity-Aware Multi-Modal Machine Translation Datasetcited by 4
- 2025MOLE: Metadata Extraction and Validation in Scientific Papers Using LLMscited by 4
- 2022GLAMI-1M: A Multilingual Image-Text Fashion Datasetcited by 3
- 2023Read, Look or Listen? What's Needed for Solving a Multimodal Datasetcited by 2
- 2026FineWeb-CLaR: Culture, Language, and Region Annotations for Benchmark-Aligned Corpus Auditingcited by 0
- 2026FineWeb-CLaR: Culture, Language, and Region Annotations for Benchmark-Aligned Corpus Auditing21 Sep 2026
- 2025MOLE: Metadata Extraction and Validation in Scientific Papers Using LLMs26 May 2025
- 20243AM: An Ambiguity-Aware Multi-Modal Machine Translation Dataset29 Apr 2024
- 2023Read, Look or Listen? What's Needed for Solving a Multimodal Dataset6 Jul 2023
- 2023BigVideo: A Large-scale Video Subtitle Translation Dataset for Multimodal Machine Translation23 May 2023
- 2022GLAMI-1M: A Multilingual Image-Text Fashion Dataset17 Nov 2022
- 2022Delving Deeper into Cross-lingual Visual Question Answering15 Feb 2022
- 2022IGLUE: A Benchmark for Transfer Learning across Modalities, Tasks, and Languages27 Jan 2022
- 2021xGQA: Cross-Lingual Visual Question Answering13 Sep 2021
- 2021Vision Matters When It Should: Sanity Checking Multimodal Machine Translation Models8 Sep 2021