MADRaS : Multi Agent Driving Simulator
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
In this work, we present MADRaS, an open-source multi-agent driving simulator for use in the design and evaluation of motion planning algorithms for autonomous driving. MADRaS provides a platform for constructing a wide variety of highway and track driving scenarios where multiple driving agents can train for motion planning tasks using reinforcement learning and other machine learning algorithms. MADRaS is built on TORCS, an open-source car-racing simulator. TORCS offers a variety of cars with different dynamic properties and driving tracks with different geometries and surface properties. MADRaS inherits these functionalities from TORCS and introduces support for multi-agent training, inter-vehicular communication, noisy observations, stochastic actions, and custom traffic cars whose behaviours can be programmed to simulate challenging traffic conditions encountered in the real world. MADRaS can be used to create driving tasks whose complexities can be tuned along eight axes in well-defined steps. This makes it particularly suited for curriculum and continual learning. MADRaS is lightweight and it provides a convenient OpenAI Gym interface for independent control of each car. Apart from the primitive steering-acceleration-brake control mode of TORCS, MADRaS offers a hierarchical track-position -- speed control that can potentially be used to achieve better generalization. MADRaS uses multiprocessing to run each agent as a parallel process for efficiency and integrates well with popular reinforcement learning libraries like RLLib.
Key facts. Cited by 15 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 2 Oct 2020.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 2; 2023: 3; 2024: 5; 2025: 3.
15 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021MetaDrive: Composing Diverse Driving Scenarios for Generalizable Reinforcement Learningcited by 281
- 2023Waymax: An Accelerated, Data-Driven Simulator for Large-Scale Autonomous Driving Researchcited by 158
- 2022Nocturne: a scalable driving benchmark for bringing multi-agent learning one step closer to the real worldcited by 56
- 2024GPUDrive: Data-driven, multi-agent driving simulation at 1 million FPScited by 43
- 2024Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving: A Surveycited by 30
- 2023FusionPlanner: A Multi-task Motion Planner for Mining Trucks via Multi-sensor Fusioncited by 7
- 2024Autonomous Driving Small-Scale Cars: A Survey of Recent Developmentcited by 6
- 2024TorchDriveEnv: A Reinforcement Learning Benchmark for Autonomous Driving with Reactive, Realistic, and Diverse Non-Playable Characterscited by 6
- 2024Adversarial and Reactive Traffic Entities for Behavior-Realistic Driving Simulation: A Reviewcited by 3
- 2025Getting SMARTER for Motion Planning in Autonomous Driving Systemscited by 3
- 2025Control-ITRA: Controlling the Behavior of a Driving Modelcited by 2
- 2021MACRPO: Multi-Agent Cooperative Recurrent Policy Optimizationcited by 1
3 more
- 2023Dealing with uncertainty: balancing exploration and exploitation in deep recurrent reinforcement learningcited by 1
- 2022A New Approach to Training Multiple Cooperative Agents for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2025Enhancing Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients on Continuous Control Tasks with Decoupled Prioritized Experience Replaycited by 0
- 2025Enhancing Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients on Continuous Control Tasks with Decoupled Prioritized Experience Replay4 Dec 2025
- 2025Getting SMARTER for Motion Planning in Autonomous Driving Systems20 Feb 2025
- 2025Control-ITRA: Controlling the Behavior of a Driving Model17 Jan 2025
- 2024Adversarial and Reactive Traffic Entities for Behavior-Realistic Driving Simulation: A Review21 Sep 2024
- 2024Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving: A Survey19 Aug 2024
- 2024GPUDrive: Data-driven, multi-agent driving simulation at 1 million FPS2 Aug 2024
- 2024TorchDriveEnv: A Reinforcement Learning Benchmark for Autonomous Driving with Reactive, Realistic, and Diverse Non-Playable Characters7 May 2024
- 2024Autonomous Driving Small-Scale Cars: A Survey of Recent Development9 Apr 2024
- 2023Waymax: An Accelerated, Data-Driven Simulator for Large-Scale Autonomous Driving Research12 Oct 2023
- 2023Dealing with uncertainty: balancing exploration and exploitation in deep recurrent reinforcement learning12 Oct 2023
- 2023FusionPlanner: A Multi-task Motion Planner for Mining Trucks via Multi-sensor Fusion14 Aug 2023
- 2022A New Approach to Training Multiple Cooperative Agents for Autonomous Driving5 Sep 2022
3 more
- 2024GPUDrive: Data-driven, multi-agent driving simulation at 1 million FPScited by 43
- 2024Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving: A Surveycited by 30
- 2024TorchDriveEnv: A Reinforcement Learning Benchmark for Autonomous Driving with Reactive, Realistic, and Diverse Non-Playable Characterscited by 6
- 2024Adversarial and Reactive Traffic Entities for Behavior-Realistic Driving Simulation: A Reviewcited by 3
- 2024Adversarial and Reactive Traffic Entities for Behavior-Realistic Driving Simulation: A Review21 Sep 2024
- 2024Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Driving: A Survey19 Aug 2024
- 2024GPUDrive: Data-driven, multi-agent driving simulation at 1 million FPS2 Aug 2024
- 2024TorchDriveEnv: A Reinforcement Learning Benchmark for Autonomous Driving with Reactive, Realistic, and Diverse Non-Playable Characters7 May 2024
- 2022Nocturne: a scalable driving benchmark for bringing multi-agent learning one step closer to the real worldcited by 56
- 2023FusionPlanner: A Multi-task Motion Planner for Mining Trucks via Multi-sensor Fusioncited by 7
- 2024Autonomous Driving Small-Scale Cars: A Survey of Recent Developmentcited by 6
- 2025Getting SMARTER for Motion Planning in Autonomous Driving Systemscited by 3
- 2025Control-ITRA: Controlling the Behavior of a Driving Modelcited by 2
- 2021MACRPO: Multi-Agent Cooperative Recurrent Policy Optimizationcited by 1
- 2023Dealing with uncertainty: balancing exploration and exploitation in deep recurrent reinforcement learningcited by 1
- 2022A New Approach to Training Multiple Cooperative Agents for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2025Enhancing Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients on Continuous Control Tasks with Decoupled Prioritized Experience Replaycited by 0
- 2025Enhancing Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients on Continuous Control Tasks with Decoupled Prioritized Experience Replay4 Dec 2025
- 2025Getting SMARTER for Motion Planning in Autonomous Driving Systems20 Feb 2025
- 2025Control-ITRA: Controlling the Behavior of a Driving Model17 Jan 2025
- 2024Autonomous Driving Small-Scale Cars: A Survey of Recent Development9 Apr 2024
- 2023Dealing with uncertainty: balancing exploration and exploitation in deep recurrent reinforcement learning12 Oct 2023
- 2023FusionPlanner: A Multi-task Motion Planner for Mining Trucks via Multi-sensor Fusion14 Aug 2023
- 2022A New Approach to Training Multiple Cooperative Agents for Autonomous Driving5 Sep 2022
- 2022Nocturne: a scalable driving benchmark for bringing multi-agent learning one step closer to the real world20 Jun 2022
- 2021MACRPO: Multi-Agent Cooperative Recurrent Policy Optimization2 Sep 2021