Carousel Personalization in Music Streaming Apps with Contextual Bandits
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Abstract (arXiv)
Media services providers, such as music streaming platforms, frequently leverage swipeable carousels to recommend personalized content to their users. However, selecting the most relevant items (albums, artists, playlists...) to display in these carousels is a challenging task, as items are numerous and as users have different preferences. In this paper, we model carousel personalization as a contextual multi-armed bandit problem with multiple plays, cascade-based updates and delayed batch feedback. We empirically show the effectiveness of our framework at capturing characteristics of real-world carousels by addressing a large-scale playlist recommendation task on a global music streaming mobile app. Along with this paper, we publicly release industrial data from our experiments, as well as an open-source environment to simulate comparable carousel personalization learning problems.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 14 Sep 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 4; 2023: 8; 2024: 3; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.
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- 2021A Semi-Personalized System for User Cold Start Recommendation on Music Streaming Appscited by 21
- 2022Explainability in Music Recommender Systemscited by 15
- 2023On (Normalised) Discounted Cumulative Gain as an Off-Policy Evaluation Metric for Top-n Recommendationcited by 13
- 2024Optimal Baseline Corrections for Off-Policy Contextual Banditscited by 13
- 2021Cold Start Similar Artists Ranking with Gravity-Inspired Graph Autoencoderscited by 12
- 2022Flow Moods: Recommending Music by Moods on Deezercited by 11
- 2024Multi-Objective Recommendation via Multivariate Policy Learningcited by 10
- 2023Practical Bandits: An Industry Perspectivecited by 9
- 2023A Scalable Framework for Automatic Playlist Continuation on Music Streaming Servicescited by 7
- 2023Track Mix Generation on Music Streaming Services using Transformerscited by 6
- 2024Let's Get It Started: Fostering the Discoverability of New Releases on Deezercited by 5
- 2025Exploring Large Action Sets with Hyperspherical Embeddings using von Mises-Fisher Samplingcited by 3
13 more
- 2023Bandit Learning to Rank with Position-Based Click Models: Personalized and Equal Treatmentscited by 2
- 2025Clustering Context in Off-Policy Evaluationcited by 2
- 2021Page-level Optimization of e-Commerce Item Recommendationscited by 1
- 2022Offline Evaluation of Reward-Optimizing Recommender Systems: The Case of Simulationcited by 1
- 2022Off-policy evaluation for learning-to-rank via interpolating the item-position model and the position-based modelcited by 1
- 2026Music Playlist Captioning at Scale with Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2021A Methodology for the Offline Evaluation of Recommender Systems in a User Interface with Multiple Carouselscited by 0
- 2021Measuring the User Satisfaction in a Recommendation Interface with Multiple Carouselscited by 0
- 2023Bounded (O(1)) Regret Recommendation Learning via Synthetic Controls Oraclecited by 0
- 2023Diversify and Conquer: Bandits and Diversity for an Enhanced E-commerce Homepage Experiencecited by 0
- 2023Efficient and Interpretable Bandit Algorithmscited by 0
- 2025Counterfactual Inference under Thompson Samplingcited by 0
- 2025Recycling History: Efficient Recommendations from Contextual Dueling Banditscited by 0
- 2026Music Playlist Captioning at Scale with Large Language Models21 Jun 2026
- 2025Recycling History: Efficient Recommendations from Contextual Dueling Bandits26 Aug 2025
- 2025Exploring Large Action Sets with Hyperspherical Embeddings using von Mises-Fisher Sampling1 Jul 2025
- 2025Counterfactual Inference under Thompson Sampling3 Apr 2025
- 2025Clustering Context in Off-Policy Evaluation28 Feb 2025
- 2024Optimal Baseline Corrections for Off-Policy Contextual Bandits9 May 2024
- 2024Multi-Objective Recommendation via Multivariate Policy Learning3 May 2024
- 2024Let's Get It Started: Fostering the Discoverability of New Releases on Deezer5 Jan 2024
- 2023Bandit Learning to Rank with Position-Based Click Models: Personalized and Equal Treatments8 Nov 2023
- 2023Efficient and Interpretable Bandit Algorithms23 Oct 2023
- 2023Diversify and Conquer: Bandits and Diversity for an Enhanced E-commerce Homepage Experience25 Sep 2023
- 2023On (Normalised) Discounted Cumulative Gain as an Off-Policy Evaluation Metric for Top-n Recommendation27 Jul 2023
13 more
- 2023Track Mix Generation on Music Streaming Services using Transformers6 Jul 2023
- 2023A Scalable Framework for Automatic Playlist Continuation on Music Streaming Services12 Apr 2023
- 2023Practical Bandits: An Industry Perspective2 Feb 2023
- 2023Bounded (O(1)) Regret Recommendation Learning via Synthetic Controls Oracle29 Jan 2023
- 2022Off-policy evaluation for learning-to-rank via interpolating the item-position model and the position-based model15 Oct 2022
- 2022Offline Evaluation of Reward-Optimizing Recommender Systems: The Case of Simulation18 Sep 2022
- 2022Flow Moods: Recommending Music by Moods on Deezer15 Jul 2022
- 2022Explainability in Music Recommender Systems25 Jan 2022
- 2021Page-level Optimization of e-Commerce Item Recommendations12 Aug 2021
- 2021Cold Start Similar Artists Ranking with Gravity-Inspired Graph Autoencoders2 Aug 2021
- 2021A Semi-Personalized System for User Cold Start Recommendation on Music Streaming Apps7 Jun 2021
- 2021Measuring the User Satisfaction in a Recommendation Interface with Multiple Carousels14 May 2021
- 2021A Methodology for the Offline Evaluation of Recommender Systems in a User Interface with Multiple Carousels13 May 2021
- 2021A Semi-Personalized System for User Cold Start Recommendation on Music Streaming Appscited by 21
- 2022Explainability in Music Recommender Systemscited by 15
- 2023On (Normalised) Discounted Cumulative Gain as an Off-Policy Evaluation Metric for Top-n Recommendationcited by 13
- 2024Optimal Baseline Corrections for Off-Policy Contextual Banditscited by 13
- 2021Cold Start Similar Artists Ranking with Gravity-Inspired Graph Autoencoderscited by 12
- 2022Flow Moods: Recommending Music by Moods on Deezercited by 11
- 2024Multi-Objective Recommendation via Multivariate Policy Learningcited by 10
- 2023Practical Bandits: An Industry Perspectivecited by 9
- 2023A Scalable Framework for Automatic Playlist Continuation on Music Streaming Servicescited by 7
- 2023Track Mix Generation on Music Streaming Services using Transformerscited by 6
- 2024Let's Get It Started: Fostering the Discoverability of New Releases on Deezercited by 5
- 2025Exploring Large Action Sets with Hyperspherical Embeddings using von Mises-Fisher Samplingcited by 3
12 most cited of 25 All 25 (JSON)
- 2026Music Playlist Captioning at Scale with Large Language Models21 Jun 2026
- 2025Recycling History: Efficient Recommendations from Contextual Dueling Bandits26 Aug 2025
- 2025Exploring Large Action Sets with Hyperspherical Embeddings using von Mises-Fisher Sampling1 Jul 2025
- 2025Counterfactual Inference under Thompson Sampling3 Apr 2025
- 2025Clustering Context in Off-Policy Evaluation28 Feb 2025
- 2024Optimal Baseline Corrections for Off-Policy Contextual Bandits9 May 2024
- 2024Multi-Objective Recommendation via Multivariate Policy Learning3 May 2024
- 2024Let's Get It Started: Fostering the Discoverability of New Releases on Deezer5 Jan 2024
- 2023Bandit Learning to Rank with Position-Based Click Models: Personalized and Equal Treatments8 Nov 2023
- 2023Efficient and Interpretable Bandit Algorithms23 Oct 2023
- 2023Diversify and Conquer: Bandits and Diversity for an Enhanced E-commerce Homepage Experience25 Sep 2023
- 2023On (Normalised) Discounted Cumulative Gain as an Off-Policy Evaluation Metric for Top-n Recommendation27 Jul 2023
12 newest of 25 All 25 (JSON)