Expert-Supervised Reinforcement Learning for Offline Policy Learning and Evaluation
On the map: Offline RL and imitation learning from data → Offline RL algorithms
Abstract (arXiv)
Offline Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a promising approach for learning optimal policies in environments where direct exploration is expensive or unfeasible. However, the adoption of such policies in practice is often challenging, as they are hard to interpret within the application context, and lack measures of uncertainty for the learned policy value and its decisions. To overcome these issues, we propose an Expert-Supervised RL (ESRL) framework which uses uncertainty quantification for offline policy learning. In particular, we have three contributions: 1) the method can learn safe and optimal policies through hypothesis testing, 2) ESRL allows for different levels of risk averse implementations tailored to the application context, and finally, 3) we propose a way to interpret ESRL's policy at every state through posterior distributions, and use this framework to compute off-policy value function posteriors. We provide theoretical guarantees for our estimators and regret bounds consistent with Posterior Sampling for RL (PSRL). Sample efficiency of ESRL is independent of the chosen risk aversion threshold and quality of the behavior policy.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Offline RL algorithms, one of 13 directions in Offline RL and imitation learning from data. Builds on 15 of its 32 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Jun 2020.
Builds on
15 of 32 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2020MOReL : Model-Based Offline Reinforcement Learning12 May
- 2020D4RL: Datasets for Deep Data-Driven Reinforcement Learning15 Apr
- 2019Behavior Regularized Offline Reinforcement Learning26 Nov
- 2019Benchmarking Batch Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithms3 Oct
Other references · 11
- 2018Off-Policy Deep Reinforcement Learning without Explorationcited by 1,227
- 2019Stabilizing Off-Policy Q-Learning via Bootstrapping Error Reductioncited by 833
- 2015Doubly Robust Off-policy Value Evaluation for Reinforcement Learningcited by 337
- 2016Data-Efficient Off-Policy Policy Evaluation for Reinforcement Learningcited by 285
- 2013(More) Efficient Reinforcement Learning via Posterior Samplingcited by 233
- 2018Model-Ensemble Trust-Region Policy Optimizationcited by 214
- 2016Why is Posterior Sampling Better than Optimism for Reinforcement Learning?cited by 116
- 2017The Uncertainty Bellman Equation and Explorationcited by 81
- 2017Continuous State-Space Models for Optimal Sepsis Treatment - a Deep Reinforcement Learning Approachcited by 68
- 2018Evaluating Reinforcement Learning Algorithms in Observational Health Settingscited by 60
- 2017Informed Bayesian T-Testscited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 3; 2023: 3; 2024: 1; 2025: 3; 2026: 1.
14 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021Believe What You See: Implicit Constraint Approach for Offline Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 78
- 2023EHRDiff: Exploring Realistic EHR Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 18
- 2022Federated Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 13
- 2021Learning-to-defer for sequential medical decision-making under uncertaintycited by 10
- 2023Risk Sensitive Dead-end Identification in Safety-Critical Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 6
- 2021Multi-Agent Advisor Q-Learningcited by 4
- 2024Medical Knowledge Integration into Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Dynamic Treatment Regimescited by 3
- 2025Off-Policy Evaluation Under Nonignorable Missing Datacited by 2
- 2022Offline Policy Comparison with Confidence: Benchmarks and Baselinescited by 0
- 2022Some Supervision Required: Incorporating Oracle Policies in Reinforcement Learning via Epistemic Uncertainty Metricscited by 0
- 2023Nonparametric Additive Value Functions: Interpretable Reinforcement Learning with an Application to Surgical Recoverycited by 0
- 2025Generalized Linear Markov Decision Processcited by 0
2 more
- 2026Learning from the Test: Self-Referential Differential Testing for Deep RL Agents23 Aug 2026
- 2025State-Augmented Graphs for Circular Economy Triage17 Dec 2025
- 2025Off-Policy Evaluation Under Nonignorable Missing Data9 Jul 2025
- 2025Generalized Linear Markov Decision Process1 Jun 2025
- 2024Medical Knowledge Integration into Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Dynamic Treatment Regimes29 Jun 2024
- 2023Nonparametric Additive Value Functions: Interpretable Reinforcement Learning with an Application to Surgical Recovery25 Aug 2023
- 2023EHRDiff: Exploring Realistic EHR Synthesis with Diffusion Models10 Mar 2023
- 2023Risk Sensitive Dead-end Identification in Safety-Critical Offline Reinforcement Learning13 Jan 2023
- 2022Some Supervision Required: Incorporating Oracle Policies in Reinforcement Learning via Epistemic Uncertainty Metrics22 Aug 2022
- 2022Federated Offline Reinforcement Learning11 Jun 2022
- 2022Offline Policy Comparison with Confidence: Benchmarks and Baselines22 May 2022
- 2021Multi-Agent Advisor Q-Learning26 Oct 2021
- 2021Believe What You See: Implicit Constraint Approach for Offline Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 78
- 2022Federated Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 13
- 2023Risk Sensitive Dead-end Identification in Safety-Critical Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 6
- 2025Generalized Linear Markov Decision Processcited by 0
- 2026Learning from the Test: Self-Referential Differential Testing for Deep RL Agentscited by 0
- 2026Learning from the Test: Self-Referential Differential Testing for Deep RL Agents23 Aug 2026
- 2025Generalized Linear Markov Decision Process1 Jun 2025
- 2023Risk Sensitive Dead-end Identification in Safety-Critical Offline Reinforcement Learning13 Jan 2023
- 2022Federated Offline Reinforcement Learning11 Jun 2022
- 2021Believe What You See: Implicit Constraint Approach for Offline Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning7 Jun 2021
- 2021Learning-to-defer for sequential medical decision-making under uncertaintycited by 10
- 2021Multi-Agent Advisor Q-Learningcited by 4
- 2024Medical Knowledge Integration into Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Dynamic Treatment Regimescited by 3
- 2025Off-Policy Evaluation Under Nonignorable Missing Datacited by 2
- 2022Offline Policy Comparison with Confidence: Benchmarks and Baselinescited by 0
- 2022Some Supervision Required: Incorporating Oracle Policies in Reinforcement Learning via Epistemic Uncertainty Metricscited by 0
- 2023Nonparametric Additive Value Functions: Interpretable Reinforcement Learning with an Application to Surgical Recoverycited by 0
- 2025State-Augmented Graphs for Circular Economy Triagecited by 0
- 2025State-Augmented Graphs for Circular Economy Triage17 Dec 2025
- 2025Off-Policy Evaluation Under Nonignorable Missing Data9 Jul 2025
- 2024Medical Knowledge Integration into Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Dynamic Treatment Regimes29 Jun 2024
- 2023Nonparametric Additive Value Functions: Interpretable Reinforcement Learning with an Application to Surgical Recovery25 Aug 2023
- 2022Some Supervision Required: Incorporating Oracle Policies in Reinforcement Learning via Epistemic Uncertainty Metrics22 Aug 2022
- 2022Offline Policy Comparison with Confidence: Benchmarks and Baselines22 May 2022
- 2021Multi-Agent Advisor Q-Learning26 Oct 2021
- 2021Learning-to-defer for sequential medical decision-making under uncertainty13 Sep 2021
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Evaluation-Time Policy Switching for Offline Reinforcement Learning
- 2026From Static Policies to Adaptive Priors in Offline Reinforcement Learning
- 2024Diffusion Policies for Risk-Averse Behavior Modeling in Offline Reinforcement Learning
- 2021NeoRL: A Near Real-World Benchmark for Offline Reinforcement Learning
- 2023Selective Uncertainty Propagation in Offline RL
- 2024Bayesian Design Principles for Offline-to-Online Reinforcement Learning
- 2022Conservative Bayesian Model-Based Value Expansion for Offline Policy Optimization
- 2022Optimal Conservative Offline RL with General Function Approximation via Augmented Lagrangian