Towards an Open Platform for Legal Information
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Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advances in the area of legal information systems have led to a variety of applications that promise support in processing and accessing legal documents. Unfortunately, these applications have various limitations, e.g., regarding scope or extensibility. Furthermore, we do not observe a trend towards open access in digital libraries in the legal domain as we observe in other domains, e.g., economics of computer science. To improve open access in the legal domain, we present our approach for an open source platform to transparently process and access Legal Open Data. This enables the sustainable development of legal applications by offering a single technology stack. Moreover, the approach facilitates the development and deployment of new technologies. As proof of concept, we implemented six technologies and generated metadata for more than 250,000 German laws and court decisions. Thus, we can provide users of our platform not only access to legal documents, but also the contained information.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 27 May 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 1; 2023: 3; 2024: 7; 2025: 1; 2026: 3.
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- 2023Efficient Language Model Training through Cross-Lingual and Progressive Transfer Learningcited by 26
- 2023Bringing order into the realm of Transformer-based language models for artificial intelligence and lawcited by 13
- 2024Do Multilingual Large Language Models Mitigate Stereotype Bias?cited by 13
- 2024A Survey of Large Language Models for European Languagescited by 6
- 2023On the Impact of Cross-Domain Data on German Language Modelscited by 5
- 2021Evaluating Document Representations for Content-based Legal Literature Recommendationscited by 4
- 2024AGB-DE: A Corpus for the Automated Legal Assessment of Clauses in German Consumer Contractscited by 4
- 2024GRAF: Graph Retrieval Augmented by Facts for Romanian Legal Multi-Choice Question Answeringcited by 4
- 2021Re-Evaluating GermEval17 Using German Pre-Trained Language Modelscited by 2
- 2022Domain Adaptation of Transformer-Based Models using Unlabeled Data for Relevance and Polarity Classification of German Customer Feedbackcited by 2
- 2024Challenges and Considerations in Annotating Legal Data: A Comprehensive Overviewcited by 2
- 2025The German Commons - 154 Billion Tokens of Openly Licensed Text for German Language Modelscited by 2
6 more
- 2026Segmentation and Processing of German Court Decisions from Open Legal Datacited by 1
- 2021Data Science Kitchen at GermEval 2021: A Fine Selection of Hand-Picked Features, Delivered Fresh from the Ovencited by 0
- 2024Comprehensive Study on German Language Models for Clinical and Biomedical Text Understandingcited by 0
- 2024Data Processing for the OpenGPT-X Model Familycited by 0
- 2026MrBERT: Modern Multilingual Encoders via Vocabulary, Domain, and Dimensional Adaptationcited by 0
- 2026Bundesrecht: An Open Library and Corpus for German Statutory Reference Processingcited by 0
- 2026Bundesrecht: An Open Library and Corpus for German Statutory Reference Processing29 May 2026
- 2026MrBERT: Modern Multilingual Encoders via Vocabulary, Domain, and Dimensional Adaptation24 Feb 2026
- 2026Segmentation and Processing of German Court Decisions from Open Legal Data4 Jan 2026
- 2025The German Commons - 154 Billion Tokens of Openly Licensed Text for German Language Models15 Oct 2025
- 2024GRAF: Graph Retrieval Augmented by Facts for Romanian Legal Multi-Choice Question Answering5 Dec 2024
- 2024Data Processing for the OpenGPT-X Model Family11 Oct 2024
- 2024A Survey of Large Language Models for European Languages27 Aug 2024
- 2024Do Multilingual Large Language Models Mitigate Stereotype Bias?8 Jul 2024
- 2024Challenges and Considerations in Annotating Legal Data: A Comprehensive Overview5 Jul 2024
- 2024AGB-DE: A Corpus for the Automated Legal Assessment of Clauses in German Consumer Contracts10 Jun 2024
- 2024Comprehensive Study on German Language Models for Clinical and Biomedical Text Understanding8 Apr 2024
- 2023On the Impact of Cross-Domain Data on German Language Models11 Oct 2023
6 more
- 2023Bringing order into the realm of Transformer-based language models for artificial intelligence and law10 Aug 2023
- 2023Efficient Language Model Training through Cross-Lingual and Progressive Transfer Learning23 Jan 2023
- 2022Domain Adaptation of Transformer-Based Models using Unlabeled Data for Relevance and Polarity Classification of German Customer Feedback12 Dec 2022
- 2021Data Science Kitchen at GermEval 2021: A Fine Selection of Hand-Picked Features, Delivered Fresh from the Oven6 Sep 2021
- 2021Evaluating Document Representations for Content-based Legal Literature Recommendations28 Apr 2021
- 2021Re-Evaluating GermEval17 Using German Pre-Trained Language Models24 Feb 2021
- 2023Efficient Language Model Training through Cross-Lingual and Progressive Transfer Learningcited by 26
- 2023Bringing order into the realm of Transformer-based language models for artificial intelligence and lawcited by 13
- 2024Do Multilingual Large Language Models Mitigate Stereotype Bias?cited by 13
- 2024A Survey of Large Language Models for European Languagescited by 6
- 2023On the Impact of Cross-Domain Data on German Language Modelscited by 5
- 2021Evaluating Document Representations for Content-based Legal Literature Recommendationscited by 4
- 2024AGB-DE: A Corpus for the Automated Legal Assessment of Clauses in German Consumer Contractscited by 4
- 2021Re-Evaluating GermEval17 Using German Pre-Trained Language Modelscited by 2
- 2022Domain Adaptation of Transformer-Based Models using Unlabeled Data for Relevance and Polarity Classification of German Customer Feedbackcited by 2
- 2024Challenges and Considerations in Annotating Legal Data: A Comprehensive Overviewcited by 2
- 2025The German Commons - 154 Billion Tokens of Openly Licensed Text for German Language Modelscited by 2
- 2026Segmentation and Processing of German Court Decisions from Open Legal Datacited by 1
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026Bundesrecht: An Open Library and Corpus for German Statutory Reference Processing29 May 2026
- 2026MrBERT: Modern Multilingual Encoders via Vocabulary, Domain, and Dimensional Adaptation24 Feb 2026
- 2026Segmentation and Processing of German Court Decisions from Open Legal Data4 Jan 2026
- 2025The German Commons - 154 Billion Tokens of Openly Licensed Text for German Language Models15 Oct 2025
- 2024Data Processing for the OpenGPT-X Model Family11 Oct 2024
- 2024A Survey of Large Language Models for European Languages27 Aug 2024
- 2024Do Multilingual Large Language Models Mitigate Stereotype Bias?8 Jul 2024
- 2024Challenges and Considerations in Annotating Legal Data: A Comprehensive Overview5 Jul 2024
- 2024AGB-DE: A Corpus for the Automated Legal Assessment of Clauses in German Consumer Contracts10 Jun 2024
- 2024Comprehensive Study on German Language Models for Clinical and Biomedical Text Understanding8 Apr 2024
- 2023On the Impact of Cross-Domain Data on German Language Models11 Oct 2023
- 2023Bringing order into the realm of Transformer-based language models for artificial intelligence and law10 Aug 2023
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)