Human Activity Recognition using Inertial, Physiological and Environmental Sensors: a Comprehensive Survey
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Abstract (arXiv)
In the last decade, Human Activity Recognition (HAR) has become a vibrant research area, especially due to the spread of electronic devices such as smartphones, smartwatches and video cameras present in our daily lives. In addition, the advance of deep learning and other machine learning algorithms has allowed researchers to use HAR in various domains including sports, health and well-being applications. For example, HAR is considered as one of the most promising assistive technology tools to support elderly's daily life by monitoring their cognitive and physical function through daily activities. This survey focuses on critical role of machine learning in developing HAR applications based on inertial sensors in conjunction with physiological and environmental sensors.
Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 19 Apr 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 4; 2023: 7; 2024: 3; 2025: 6; 2026: 3.
26 papers.
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- 2023Hang-Time HAR: A Benchmark Dataset for Basketball Activity Recognition using Wrist-Worn Inertial Sensorscited by 11
- 2022Progressive Cross-modal Knowledge Distillation for Human Action Recognitioncited by 6
- 2021B-HAR: an open-source baseline framework for in depth study of human activity recognition datasets and workflowscited by 4
- 2025Scaling laws in wearable human activity recognitioncited by 4
- 2021Estimating indoor occupancy through low-cost BLE devicescited by 3
- 2025HAROOD: A Benchmark for Out-of-distribution Generalization in Sensor-based Human Activity Recognitioncited by 3
- 2026Inertia-1: An Open Exploration of Wearable Motion Foundation Modelscited by 3
- 2022Domain Adaptation Under Behavioral and Temporal Shifts for Natural Time Series Mobile Activity Recognitioncited by 2
- 2023MultiWave: Multiresolution Deep Architectures through Wavelet Decomposition for Multivariate Time Series Predictioncited by 2
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Automated Data Annotation Techniques in Human Activity Recognitioncited by 2
- 2024SoK: Behind the Accuracy of Complex Human Activity Recognition Using Deep Learningcited by 2
- 2025CNN Autoencoders for Hierarchical Feature Extraction and Fusion in Multi-sensor Human Activity Recognitioncited by 2
14 more
- 2021WaveGlove: Transformer-based hand gesture recognition using multiple inertial sensorscited by 1
- 2023A Survey on Multi-Resident Activity Recognition in Smart Environmentscited by 1
- 2023A Multi-Stage Temporal Convolutional Network for Volleyball Jumps Classification Using a Waist-Mounted IMUcited by 1
- 2025LLM-Guided Exemplar Selection for Few-Shot Wearable-Sensor Human Activity Recognitioncited by 1
- 2022Latent Space Unsupervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 0
- 2022Video-based Pose-Estimation Data as Source for Transfer Learning in Human Activity Recognitioncited by 0
- 2023rWISDM: Repaired WISDM, a Public Dataset for Human Activity Recognitioncited by 0
- 2023Game Theory Solutions in Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition: A Reviewcited by 0
- 2024Elevator, Escalator, or Neither? Classifying Conveyor State Using Smartphone under Arbitrary Pedestrian Behaviorcited by 0
- 2024ALS-HAR: Harnessing Wearable Ambient Light Sensors to Enhance IMU-based Human Activity Recogntioncited by 0
- 2025Classification Filteringcited by 0
- 2025Human Activity Recognition Based on Electrocardiogram Data Onlycited by 0
- 2026WHAR Arena: Benchmarking the State of the Art in Efficient Wearable Human Activity Recognitioncited by 0
- 2026From Compression to Deployment: Real-Time and Energy-Efficient FastGRNN on Ultra-Constrained Microcontrollerscited by 0
- 2026Inertia-1: An Open Exploration of Wearable Motion Foundation Models7 Jul 2026
- 2026From Compression to Deployment: Real-Time and Energy-Efficient FastGRNN on Ultra-Constrained Microcontrollers15 Jun 2026
- 2026WHAR Arena: Benchmarking the State of the Art in Efficient Wearable Human Activity Recognition11 Jun 2026
- 2025LLM-Guided Exemplar Selection for Few-Shot Wearable-Sensor Human Activity Recognition26 Dec 2025
- 2025HAROOD: A Benchmark for Out-of-distribution Generalization in Sensor-based Human Activity Recognition11 Dec 2025
- 2025Classification Filtering17 Sep 2025
- 2025Human Activity Recognition Based on Electrocardiogram Data Only14 Sep 2025
- 2025CNN Autoencoders for Hierarchical Feature Extraction and Fusion in Multi-sensor Human Activity Recognition6 Feb 2025
- 2025Scaling laws in wearable human activity recognition5 Feb 2025
- 2024ALS-HAR: Harnessing Wearable Ambient Light Sensors to Enhance IMU-based Human Activity Recogntion18 Aug 2024
- 2024Elevator, Escalator, or Neither? Classifying Conveyor State Using Smartphone under Arbitrary Pedestrian Behavior6 May 2024
- 2024SoK: Behind the Accuracy of Complex Human Activity Recognition Using Deep Learning25 Apr 2024
14 more
- 2023Game Theory Solutions in Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition: A Review9 Nov 2023
- 2023A Multi-Stage Temporal Convolutional Network for Volleyball Jumps Classification Using a Waist-Mounted IMU19 Oct 2023
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Automated Data Annotation Techniques in Human Activity Recognition12 Jul 2023
- 2023MultiWave: Multiresolution Deep Architectures through Wavelet Decomposition for Multivariate Time Series Prediction16 Jun 2023
- 2023Hang-Time HAR: A Benchmark Dataset for Basketball Activity Recognition using Wrist-Worn Inertial Sensors22 May 2023
- 2023rWISDM: Repaired WISDM, a Public Dataset for Human Activity Recognition17 May 2023
- 2023A Survey on Multi-Resident Activity Recognition in Smart Environments24 Apr 2023
- 2022Video-based Pose-Estimation Data as Source for Transfer Learning in Human Activity Recognition2 Dec 2022
- 2022Progressive Cross-modal Knowledge Distillation for Human Action Recognition17 Aug 2022
- 2022Latent Space Unsupervised Semantic Segmentation22 Jul 2022
- 2022Domain Adaptation Under Behavioral and Temporal Shifts for Natural Time Series Mobile Activity Recognition10 Jul 2022
- 2021WaveGlove: Transformer-based hand gesture recognition using multiple inertial sensors4 May 2021
- 2021Estimating indoor occupancy through low-cost BLE devices30 Jan 2021
- 2021B-HAR: an open-source baseline framework for in depth study of human activity recognition datasets and workflows23 Jan 2021
- 2023Hang-Time HAR: A Benchmark Dataset for Basketball Activity Recognition using Wrist-Worn Inertial Sensorscited by 11
- 2022Progressive Cross-modal Knowledge Distillation for Human Action Recognitioncited by 6
- 2021B-HAR: an open-source baseline framework for in depth study of human activity recognition datasets and workflowscited by 4
- 2025Scaling laws in wearable human activity recognitioncited by 4
- 2021Estimating indoor occupancy through low-cost BLE devicescited by 3
- 2025HAROOD: A Benchmark for Out-of-distribution Generalization in Sensor-based Human Activity Recognitioncited by 3
- 2026Inertia-1: An Open Exploration of Wearable Motion Foundation Modelscited by 3
- 2022Domain Adaptation Under Behavioral and Temporal Shifts for Natural Time Series Mobile Activity Recognitioncited by 2
- 2023MultiWave: Multiresolution Deep Architectures through Wavelet Decomposition for Multivariate Time Series Predictioncited by 2
- 2023A Comprehensive Review of Automated Data Annotation Techniques in Human Activity Recognitioncited by 2
- 2024SoK: Behind the Accuracy of Complex Human Activity Recognition Using Deep Learningcited by 2
- 2025CNN Autoencoders for Hierarchical Feature Extraction and Fusion in Multi-sensor Human Activity Recognitioncited by 2
12 most cited of 26 All 26 (JSON)
- 2026Inertia-1: An Open Exploration of Wearable Motion Foundation Models7 Jul 2026
- 2026From Compression to Deployment: Real-Time and Energy-Efficient FastGRNN on Ultra-Constrained Microcontrollers15 Jun 2026
- 2026WHAR Arena: Benchmarking the State of the Art in Efficient Wearable Human Activity Recognition11 Jun 2026
- 2025LLM-Guided Exemplar Selection for Few-Shot Wearable-Sensor Human Activity Recognition26 Dec 2025
- 2025HAROOD: A Benchmark for Out-of-distribution Generalization in Sensor-based Human Activity Recognition11 Dec 2025
- 2025Classification Filtering17 Sep 2025
- 2025Human Activity Recognition Based on Electrocardiogram Data Only14 Sep 2025
- 2025CNN Autoencoders for Hierarchical Feature Extraction and Fusion in Multi-sensor Human Activity Recognition6 Feb 2025
- 2025Scaling laws in wearable human activity recognition5 Feb 2025
- 2024ALS-HAR: Harnessing Wearable Ambient Light Sensors to Enhance IMU-based Human Activity Recogntion18 Aug 2024
- 2024Elevator, Escalator, or Neither? Classifying Conveyor State Using Smartphone under Arbitrary Pedestrian Behavior6 May 2024
- 2024SoK: Behind the Accuracy of Complex Human Activity Recognition Using Deep Learning25 Apr 2024
12 newest of 26 All 26 (JSON)