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RYANSQL: Recursively Applying Sketch-based Slot Fillings for Complex Text-to-SQL in Cross-Domain Databases

arXiv 2004.03125 ↗First posted 7 Apr 2020cs.CLcited by 63

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Abstract (arXiv)

Text-to-SQL is the problem of converting a user question into an SQL query, when the question and database are given. In this paper, we present a neural network approach called RYANSQL (Recursively Yielding Annotation Network for SQL) to solve complex Text-to-SQL tasks for cross-domain databases. State-ment Position Code (SPC) is defined to trans-form a nested SQL query into a set of non-nested SELECT statements; a sketch-based slot filling approach is proposed to synthesize each SELECT statement for its corresponding SPC. Additionally, two input manipulation methods are presented to improve generation performance further. RYANSQL achieved 58.2% accuracy on the challenging Spider benchmark, which is a 3.2%p improvement over previous state-of-the-art approaches. At the time of writing, RYANSQL achieves the first position on the Spider leaderboard.

Key facts. Cited by 63 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 7 Apr 2020.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 12; 2022: 11; 2023: 9; 2024: 15; 2025: 13; 2026: 3.

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  1. 2023DIN-SQL: Decomposed In-Context Learning of Text-to-SQL with Self-Correctioncited by 465
  2. 2021PICARD: Parsing Incrementally for Constrained Auto-Regressive Decoding from Language Modelscited by 402
  3. 2023C3: Zero-shot Text-to-SQL with ChatGPTcited by 159
  4. 2024CHASE-SQL: Multi-Path Reasoning and Preference Optimized Candidate Selection in Text-to-SQLcited by 132
  5. 2024Next-Generation Database Interfaces: A Survey of LLM-based Text-to-SQLcited by 118
  6. 2022RASAT: Integrating Relational Structures into Pretrained Seq2Seq Model for Text-to-SQLcited by 85
  7. 2024A Survey on Employing Large Language Models for Text-to-SQL Taskscited by 67
  8. 2022A Survey on Text-to-SQL Parsing: Concepts, Methods, and Future Directionscited by 51
  9. 2025OpenSearch-SQL: Enhancing Text-to-SQL with Dynamic Few-shot and Consistency Alignmentcited by 51
  10. 2022Recent Advances in Text-to-SQL: A Survey of What We Have and What We Expectcited by 47
  11. 2021Learning to Synthesize Data for Semantic Parsingcited by 41
  12. 2022S2SQL: Injecting Syntax to Question-Schema Interaction Graph Encoder for Text-to-SQL Parserscited by 41
38 more
  1. 2021ShadowGNN: Graph Projection Neural Network for Text-to-SQL Parsercited by 35
  2. 2024E-SQL: Direct Schema Linking via Question Enrichment in Text-to-SQLcited by 35
  3. 2021NL-EDIT: Correcting semantic parse errors through natural language interactioncited by 33
  4. 2024SQLBench: A Comprehensive Evaluation for Text-to-SQL Capabilities of Large Language Modelscited by 32
  5. 2022Proton: Probing Schema Linking Information from Pre-trained Language Models for Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 30
  6. 2023Natural Language Interfaces for Tabular Data Querying and Visualization: A Surveycited by 27
  7. 2025LinkAlign: Scalable Schema Linking for Real-World Large-Scale Multi-Database Text-to-SQLcited by 26
  8. 2021Improving Text-to-SQL with Schema Dependency Learningcited by 25
  9. 2021Dual Reader-Parser on Hybrid Textual and Tabular Evidence for Open Domain Question Answeringcited by 25
  10. 2022Semantic Enhanced Text-to-SQL Parsing via Iteratively Learning Schema Linking Graphcited by 22
  11. 2024MAG-SQL: Multi-Agent Generative Approach with Soft Schema Linking and Iterative Sub-SQL Refinement for Text-to-SQLcited by 22
  12. 2022UniSAr: A Unified Structure-Aware Autoregressive Language Model for Text-to-SQLcited by 20
  13. 2022N-Best Hypotheses Reranking for Text-To-SQL Systemscited by 19
  14. 2025Reliable Text-to-SQL with Adaptive Abstentioncited by 19
  15. 2023Prompting GPT-3.5 for Text-to-SQL with De-semanticization and Skeleton Retrievalcited by 16
  16. 2023Retrieval-augmented GPT-3.5-based Text-to-SQL Framework with Sample-aware Prompting and Dynamic Revision Chaincited by 12
  17. 2023Evaluating Large Language Models for Health-related Queries with Presuppositionscited by 12
  18. 2022Deep Learning Driven Natural Languages Text to SQL Query Conversion: A Surveycited by 11
  19. 2024Structure Guided Large Language Model for SQL Generationcited by 9
  20. 2025Knapsack Optimization-based Schema Linking for LLM-based Text-to-SQL Generationcited by 9
  21. 2024EPI-SQL: Enhancing Text-to-SQL Translation with Error-Prevention Instructionscited by 8
  22. 2022Towards Generalizable and Robust Text-to-SQL Parsingcited by 7
  23. 2022Optimization Techniques for Unsupervised Complex Table Reasoning via Self-Training Frameworkcited by 6
  24. 2023Measuring and Mitigating Constraint Violations of In-Context Learning for Utterance-to-API Semantic Parsingcited by 6
  25. 2021An Investigation Between Schema Linking and Text-to-SQL Performancecited by 5
  26. 2025Exploring the Landscape of Text-to-SQL with Large Language Models: Progresses, Challenges and Opportunitiescited by 4
  27. 2023SQLformer: Deep Auto-Regressive Query Graph Generation for Text-to-SQL Translationcited by 3
  28. 2024Enhancing LLM Fine-tuning for Text-to-SQLs by SQL Quality Measurementcited by 3
  29. 2025Valid Text-to-SQL Generation with Unification-based DeepStochLogcited by 3
  30. 2024DeTriever: Decoder-representation-based Retriever for Improving NL2SQL In-Context Learningcited by 2
  31. 2024Towards Automated Cross-domain Exploratory Data Analysis through Large Language Modelscited by 2
  32. 2024SketchFill: Sketch-Guided Code Generation for Imputing Derived Missing Valuescited by 2
  33. 2025Feather-SQL: A Lightweight NL2SQL Framework with Dual-Model Collaboration Paradigm for Small Language Modelscited by 2
  34. 2025SDE-SQL: Enhancing Text-to-SQL Generation in Large Language Models via Self-Driven Exploration with SQL Probescited by 2
  35. 2025End-to-End Text-to-SQL with Dataset Selection: Leveraging LLMs for Adaptive Query Generationcited by 2
  36. 2021Turing: an Accurate and Interpretable Multi-Hypothesis Cross-Domain Natural Language Database Interfacecited by 1
  37. 2021End-to-End Cross-Domain Text-to-SQL Semantic Parsing with Auxiliary Taskcited by 1
  38. 2021Knowledge Graph Question Answering via SPARQL Silhouette Generationcited by 1

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