ConvLab-2: An Open-Source Toolkit for Building, Evaluating, and Diagnosing Dialogue Systems
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present ConvLab-2, an open-source toolkit that enables researchers to build task-oriented dialogue systems with state-of-the-art models, perform an end-to-end evaluation, and diagnose the weakness of systems. As the successor of ConvLab (Lee et al., 2019b), ConvLab-2 inherits ConvLab's framework but integrates more powerful dialogue models and supports more datasets. Besides, we have developed an analysis tool and an interactive tool to assist researchers in diagnosing dialogue systems. The analysis tool presents rich statistics and summarizes common mistakes from simulated dialogues, which facilitates error analysis and system improvement. The interactive tool provides a user interface that allows developers to diagnose an assembled dialogue system by interacting with the system and modifying the output of each system component.
Key facts. Cited by 52 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 12 Feb 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 14; 2022: 15; 2023: 11; 2024: 6; 2025: 2; 2026: 4.
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- 2024ArCHer: Training Language Model Agents via Hierarchical Multi-Turn RLcited by 212
- 2021Shades of BLEU, Flavours of Success: The Case of MultiWOZcited by 48
- 2021AuGPT: Auxiliary Tasks and Data Augmentation for End-To-End Dialogue with Pre-Trained Language Modelscited by 31
- 2024Reliable LLM-based User Simulator for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 24
- 2021Domain-independent User Simulation with Transformers for Task-oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 23
- 2024DuetSim: Building User Simulator with Dual Large Language Models for Task-Oriented Dialoguescited by 23
- 2022GenTUS: Simulating User Behaviour and Language in Task-oriented Dialogues with Generative Transformerscited by 22
- 2022ConvLab-3: A Flexible Dialogue System Toolkit Based on a Unified Data Formatcited by 22
- 2021EmoWOZ: A Large-Scale Corpus and Labelling Scheme for Emotion Recognition in Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 20
- 2023Fantastic Rewards and How to Tame Them: A Case Study on Reward Learning for Task-oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 19
- 2023In-Context Learning User Simulators for Task-Oriented Dialog Systemscited by 19
- 2023User Simulation with Large Language Models for Evaluating Task-Oriented Dialoguecited by 19
38 more
- 2022Dynamic Dialogue Policy for Continual Reinforcement Learningcited by 12
- 2023X-RiSAWOZ: High-Quality End-to-End Multilingual Dialogue Datasets and Few-shot Agentscited by 12
- 2021Cross-lingual Intermediate Fine-tuning improves Dialogue State Trackingcited by 11
- 2022Metaphorical User Simulators for Evaluating Task-oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 9
- 2021Uncertainty Measures in Neural Belief Tracking and the Effects on Dialogue Policy Performancecited by 8
- 2021DEUS: A Data-driven Approach to Estimate User Satisfaction in Multi-turn Dialoguescited by 7
- 2021End-to-End Conversational Search for Online Shopping with Utterance Transfercited by 7
- 2022DialCrowd 2.0: A Quality-Focused Dialog System Crowdsourcing Toolkitcited by 6
- 2022A Generative User Simulator with GPT-based Architecture and Goal State Tracking for Reinforced Multi-Domain Dialog Systemscited by 6
- 2024Enhancing End-to-End Multi-Task Dialogue Systems: A Study on Intrinsic Motivation Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Improved Training and Adaptabilitycited by 6
- 2021Integrating Pretrained Language Model for Dialogue Policy Learningcited by 5
- 2022Post-processing Networks: Method for Optimizing Pipeline Task-oriented Dialogue Systems using Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
- 2022Dialogue Term Extraction using Transfer Learning and Topological Data Analysiscited by 5
- 2025clem:todd: A Framework for the Systematic Benchmarking of LLM-Based Task-Oriented Dialogue System Realisationscited by 4
- 2021A Hybrid Task-Oriented Dialog System with Domain and Task Adaptive Pretrainingcited by 3
- 2021High-Quality Diversification for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 3
- 2022"Think Before You Speak": Improving Multi-Action Dialog Policy by Planning Single-Action Dialogscited by 3
- 2022Dialogue Evaluation with Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 3
- 2022An Exploratory Study of AI System Risk Assessment from the Lens of Data Distribution and Uncertaintycited by 3
- 2025MATRIX: Multi-Agent simulaTion fRamework for safe Interactions and conteXtual clinical conversational evaluationcited by 3
- 2021A Unified Pre-training Framework for Conversational AIcited by 2
- 2021How to Evaluate Your Dialogue Models: A Review of Approachescited by 2
- 2022Adaptive Natural Language Generation for Task-oriented Dialogue via Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2022Graph Neural Network Policies and Imitation Learning for Multi-Domain Task-Oriented Dialoguescited by 2
- 2021Joint System-Wise Optimization for Pipeline Goal-Oriented Dialog Systemcited by 1
- 2022BotSIM: An End-to-End Bot Simulation Framework for Commercial Task-Oriented Dialog Systemscited by 1
- 2023Few-Shot Structured Policy Learning for Multi-Domain and Multi-Task Dialoguescited by 1
- 2023Dialog-to-Actions: Building Task-Oriented Dialogue System via Action-Level Generationcited by 1
- 2024DIALIGHT: Lightweight Multilingual Development and Evaluation of Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems with Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2022BotSIM: An End-to-End Bot Simulation Toolkit for Commercial Task-Oriented Dialog Systemscited by 0
- 2023A Personalized Utterance Style (PUS) based Dialogue Strategy for Efficient Service Requirement Elicitationcited by 0
- 2023Why Guided Dialog Policy Learning performs well? Understanding the role of adversarial learning and its alternativecited by 0
- 2023JoTR: A Joint Transformer and Reinforcement Learning Framework for Dialog Policy Learningcited by 0
- 2023Dialog Action-Aware Transformer for Dialog Policy Learningcited by 0
- 2023Evaluating Robustness of Dialogue Summarization Models in the Presence of Naturally Occurring Variationscited by 0
- 2024WEBDial, a Multi-domain, Multitask Statistical Dialogue Framework with RDFcited by 0
- 2026Orcheo: A Modular Full-Stack Platform for Conversational Searchcited by 0
- 2026Bridging Reasoning and Action: Hybrid LLM-RL Framework for Efficient Cross-Domain Task-Oriented Dialoguecited by 0
50 most cited of 52 All 52 (JSON)
- 2026Pretrained Persona Mixture Models and Tandem Models for Human Simulation18 Sep 2026
- 2026Mining Workflow Graphs for Black-Box Boundary Testing of Conversational LLM Agents8 Jul 2026
- 2026Bridging Reasoning and Action: Hybrid LLM-RL Framework for Efficient Cross-Domain Task-Oriented Dialogue25 Apr 2026
- 2026Orcheo: A Modular Full-Stack Platform for Conversational Search16 Feb 2026
- 2025MATRIX: Multi-Agent simulaTion fRamework for safe Interactions and conteXtual clinical conversational evaluation26 Aug 2025
- 2025clem:todd: A Framework for the Systematic Benchmarking of LLM-Based Task-Oriented Dialogue System Realisations8 May 2025
- 2024DuetSim: Building User Simulator with Dual Large Language Models for Task-Oriented Dialogues16 May 2024
- 2024ArCHer: Training Language Model Agents via Hierarchical Multi-Turn RL29 Feb 2024
- 2024Reliable LLM-based User Simulator for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems20 Feb 2024
- 2024Enhancing End-to-End Multi-Task Dialogue Systems: A Study on Intrinsic Motivation Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Improved Training and Adaptability31 Jan 2024
- 2024WEBDial, a Multi-domain, Multitask Statistical Dialogue Framework with RDF8 Jan 2024
- 2024DIALIGHT: Lightweight Multilingual Development and Evaluation of Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems with Large Language Models4 Jan 2024
38 more
- 2023Evaluating Robustness of Dialogue Summarization Models in the Presence of Naturally Occurring Variations15 Nov 2023
- 2023User Simulation with Large Language Models for Evaluating Task-Oriented Dialogue23 Sep 2023
- 2023Dialog Action-Aware Transformer for Dialog Policy Learning5 Sep 2023
- 2023JoTR: A Joint Transformer and Reinforcement Learning Framework for Dialog Policy Learning1 Sep 2023
- 2023Why Guided Dialog Policy Learning performs well? Understanding the role of adversarial learning and its alternative13 Jul 2023
- 2023X-RiSAWOZ: High-Quality End-to-End Multilingual Dialogue Datasets and Few-shot Agents30 Jun 2023
- 2023In-Context Learning User Simulators for Task-Oriented Dialog Systems1 Jun 2023
- 2023Dialog-to-Actions: Building Task-Oriented Dialogue System via Action-Level Generation3 Apr 2023
- 2023Few-Shot Structured Policy Learning for Multi-Domain and Multi-Task Dialogues22 Feb 2023
- 2023Fantastic Rewards and How to Tame Them: A Case Study on Reward Learning for Task-oriented Dialogue Systems20 Feb 2023
- 2023A Personalized Utterance Style (PUS) based Dialogue Strategy for Efficient Service Requirement Elicitation7 Jan 2023
- 2022An Exploratory Study of AI System Risk Assessment from the Lens of Data Distribution and Uncertainty13 Dec 2022
- 2022ConvLab-3: A Flexible Dialogue System Toolkit Based on a Unified Data Format30 Nov 2022
- 2022BotSIM: An End-to-End Bot Simulation Toolkit for Commercial Task-Oriented Dialog Systems29 Nov 2022
- 2022BotSIM: An End-to-End Bot Simulation Framework for Commercial Task-Oriented Dialog Systems22 Nov 2022
- 2022A Generative User Simulator with GPT-based Architecture and Goal State Tracking for Reinforced Multi-Domain Dialog Systems17 Oct 2022
- 2022Graph Neural Network Policies and Imitation Learning for Multi-Domain Task-Oriented Dialogues11 Oct 2022
- 2022Adaptive Natural Language Generation for Task-oriented Dialogue via Reinforcement Learning16 Sep 2022
- 2022Dialogue Evaluation with Offline Reinforcement Learning2 Sep 2022
- 2022GenTUS: Simulating User Behaviour and Language in Task-oriented Dialogues with Generative Transformers23 Aug 2022
- 2022Dialogue Term Extraction using Transfer Learning and Topological Data Analysis22 Aug 2022
- 2022DialCrowd 2.0: A Quality-Focused Dialog System Crowdsourcing Toolkit25 Jul 2022
- 2022Post-processing Networks: Method for Optimizing Pipeline Task-oriented Dialogue Systems using Reinforcement Learning25 Jul 2022
- 2022"Think Before You Speak": Improving Multi-Action Dialog Policy by Planning Single-Action Dialogs25 Apr 2022
- 2022Dynamic Dialogue Policy for Continual Reinforcement Learning12 Apr 2022
- 2022Metaphorical User Simulators for Evaluating Task-oriented Dialogue Systems2 Apr 2022
- 2021Integrating Pretrained Language Model for Dialogue Policy Learning2 Nov 2021
- 2021Cross-lingual Intermediate Fine-tuning improves Dialogue State Tracking28 Sep 2021
- 2021End-to-End Conversational Search for Online Shopping with Utterance Transfer12 Sep 2021
- 2021EmoWOZ: A Large-Scale Corpus and Labelling Scheme for Emotion Recognition in Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems10 Sep 2021
- 2021Uncertainty Measures in Neural Belief Tracking and the Effects on Dialogue Policy Performance9 Sep 2021
- 2021How to Evaluate Your Dialogue Models: A Review of Approaches3 Aug 2021
- 2021Domain-independent User Simulation with Transformers for Task-oriented Dialogue Systems16 Jun 2021
- 2021Shades of BLEU, Flavours of Success: The Case of MultiWOZ10 Jun 2021
- 2021Joint System-Wise Optimization for Pipeline Goal-Oriented Dialog System9 Jun 2021
- 2021High-Quality Diversification for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems2 Jun 2021
- 2021A Unified Pre-training Framework for Conversational AI6 May 2021
- 2021DEUS: A Data-driven Approach to Estimate User Satisfaction in Multi-turn Dialogues1 Mar 2021
50 newest of 52 All 52 (JSON)
- 2024ArCHer: Training Language Model Agents via Hierarchical Multi-Turn RLcited by 212
- 2025MATRIX: Multi-Agent simulaTion fRamework for safe Interactions and conteXtual clinical conversational evaluationcited by 3
- 2026Mining Workflow Graphs for Black-Box Boundary Testing of Conversational LLM Agentscited by 0
- 2026Mining Workflow Graphs for Black-Box Boundary Testing of Conversational LLM Agents8 Jul 2026
- 2025MATRIX: Multi-Agent simulaTion fRamework for safe Interactions and conteXtual clinical conversational evaluation26 Aug 2025
- 2024ArCHer: Training Language Model Agents via Hierarchical Multi-Turn RL29 Feb 2024
- 2021Shades of BLEU, Flavours of Success: The Case of MultiWOZcited by 48
- 2021AuGPT: Auxiliary Tasks and Data Augmentation for End-To-End Dialogue with Pre-Trained Language Modelscited by 31
- 2024Reliable LLM-based User Simulator for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 24
- 2021Domain-independent User Simulation with Transformers for Task-oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 23
- 2024DuetSim: Building User Simulator with Dual Large Language Models for Task-Oriented Dialoguescited by 23
- 2022GenTUS: Simulating User Behaviour and Language in Task-oriented Dialogues with Generative Transformerscited by 22
- 2022ConvLab-3: A Flexible Dialogue System Toolkit Based on a Unified Data Formatcited by 22
- 2021EmoWOZ: A Large-Scale Corpus and Labelling Scheme for Emotion Recognition in Task-Oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 20
- 2023Fantastic Rewards and How to Tame Them: A Case Study on Reward Learning for Task-oriented Dialogue Systemscited by 19
- 2023In-Context Learning User Simulators for Task-Oriented Dialog Systemscited by 19
- 2023User Simulation with Large Language Models for Evaluating Task-Oriented Dialoguecited by 19
- 2022Dynamic Dialogue Policy for Continual Reinforcement Learningcited by 12
12 most cited of 48 All 48 (JSON)
- 2026Pretrained Persona Mixture Models and Tandem Models for Human Simulation18 Sep 2026
- 2026Orcheo: A Modular Full-Stack Platform for Conversational Search16 Feb 2026
- 2025clem:todd: A Framework for the Systematic Benchmarking of LLM-Based Task-Oriented Dialogue System Realisations8 May 2025
- 2024DuetSim: Building User Simulator with Dual Large Language Models for Task-Oriented Dialogues16 May 2024
- 2024Reliable LLM-based User Simulator for Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems20 Feb 2024
- 2024Enhancing End-to-End Multi-Task Dialogue Systems: A Study on Intrinsic Motivation Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Improved Training and Adaptability31 Jan 2024
- 2024WEBDial, a Multi-domain, Multitask Statistical Dialogue Framework with RDF8 Jan 2024
- 2024DIALIGHT: Lightweight Multilingual Development and Evaluation of Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems with Large Language Models4 Jan 2024
- 2023Evaluating Robustness of Dialogue Summarization Models in the Presence of Naturally Occurring Variations15 Nov 2023
- 2023User Simulation with Large Language Models for Evaluating Task-Oriented Dialogue23 Sep 2023
- 2023Dialog Action-Aware Transformer for Dialog Policy Learning5 Sep 2023
- 2023JoTR: A Joint Transformer and Reinforcement Learning Framework for Dialog Policy Learning1 Sep 2023
12 newest of 48 All 48 (JSON)