mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Continuous Relaxation of Symbolic Planner for One-Shot Imitation Learning

arXiv 1908.06769 ↗First posted 16 Aug 2019cs.AI cs.LG cs.ROcited by 8

On the map: Offline RL and imitation learning from data → Robot manipulation imitation learning

Abstract (arXiv)

We address one-shot imitation learning, where the goal is to execute a previously unseen task based on a single demonstration. While there has been exciting progress in this direction, most of the approaches still require a few hundred tasks for meta-training, which limits the scalability of the approaches. Our main contribution is to formulate one-shot imitation learning as a symbolic planning problem along with the symbol grounding problem. This formulation disentangles the policy execution from the inter-task generalization and leads to better data efficiency. The key technical challenge is that the symbol grounding is prone to error with limited training data and leads to subsequent symbolic planning failures. We address this challenge by proposing a continuous relaxation of the discrete symbolic planner that directly plans on the probabilistic outputs of the symbol grounding model. Our continuous relaxation of the planner can still leverage the information contained in the probabilistic symbol grounding and significantly improve over the baseline planner for the one-shot imitation learning tasks without using large training data.

Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Robot manipulation imitation learning, one of 13 directions in Offline RL and imitation learning from data. Builds on 14 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Aug 2019.

Builds on

14 of 33 references.

Closest ancestors · 2

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2018One-Shot Learning of Multi-Step Tasks from Observation via Activity Localization in Auxiliary Video29 Jun
  2. 2018Zero-Shot Visual Imitation23 Apr

Other references · 12

  1. 2017Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning for Fast Adaptation of Deep Networkscited by 4,861
  2. 2016Matching Networks for One Shot Learningcited by 2,246
  3. 2015Neural Module Networkscited by 375
  4. 2017One-Shot Imitation Learningcited by 232
  5. 2017One-Shot Visual Imitation Learning via Meta-Learningcited by 225
  6. 2018One-Shot Imitation from Observing Humans via Domain-Adaptive Meta-Learningcited by 146
  7. 2017Neural Task Programming: Learning to Generalize Across Hierarchical Taskscited by 75
  8. 2018TACO: Learning Task Decomposition via Temporal Alignment for Controlcited by 61
  9. 2018Neural Task Graphs: Generalizing to Unseen Tasks from a Single Video Demonstrationcited by 60
  10. 2014Online Planning Algorithms for POMDPscited by 42
  11. 2017Learning Heuristic Search via Imitationcited by 34
  12. 2018Learning Quickly to Plan Quickly Using Modular Meta-Learningcited by 15

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Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2019: 1; 2020: 0; 2021: 4; 2022: 1; 2023: 2.

8 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Few-Shot Neuro-Symbolic Imitation Learning for Long-Horizon Planning and Acting
  2. 2025Neuro-Symbolic Imitation Learning: Discovering Symbolic Abstractions for Skill Learning
  3. 2024Learning for Long-Horizon Planning via Neuro-Symbolic Abductive Imitation
  4. 2026Learning Bilevel Policies over Symbolic World Models for Long-Horizon Planning
  5. 2025Rational Inverse Reasoning: Few-Shot Imitation by Inferring Intent through Planning
  6. 2026Build on Priors: Vision--Language--Guided Neuro-Symbolic Imitation Learning for Data-Efficient Real-World Robot Manipulation
  7. 2025Symskill: Symbol and Skill Co-Invention for Data-Efficient and Reactive Long-Horizon Manipulation
  8. 2022Plan Your Target and Learn Your Skills: Transferable State-Only Imitation Learning via Decoupled Policy Optimization