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EASSE: Easier Automatic Sentence Simplification Evaluation

arXiv 1908.04567 ↗First posted 13 Aug 2019cs.CLcited by 50

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Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce EASSE, a Python package aiming to facilitate and standardise automatic evaluation and comparison of Sentence Simplification (SS) systems. EASSE provides a single access point to a broad range of evaluation resources: standard automatic metrics for assessing SS outputs (e.g. SARI), word-level accuracy scores for certain simplification transformations, reference-independent quality estimation features (e.g. compression ratio), and standard test data for SS evaluation (e.g. TurkCorpus). Finally, EASSE generates easy-to-visualise reports on the various metrics and features above and on how a particular SS output fares against reference simplifications. Through experiments, we show that these functionalities allow for better comparison and understanding of the performance of SS systems.

Key facts. Cited by 50 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 13 Aug 2019.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 9; 2023: 18; 2024: 9; 2025: 5; 2026: 5.

50 papers.

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  1. 2023HelpSteer: Multi-attribute Helpfulness Dataset for SteerLMcited by 140
  2. 2022PEER: A Collaborative Language Modelcited by 86
  3. 2022Making Science Simple: Corpora for the Lay Summarisation of Scientific Literaturecited by 54
  4. 2023BLESS: Benchmarking Large Language Models on Sentence Simplificationcited by 34
  5. 2022EditEval: An Instruction-Based Benchmark for Text Improvementscited by 30
  6. 2021Text Simplification by Taggingcited by 27
  7. 2023Revisiting non-English Text Simplification: A Unified Multilingual Benchmarkcited by 27
  8. 2021Control Prefixes for Parameter-Efficient Text Generationcited by 23
  9. 2021Rethinking Automatic Evaluation in Sentence Simplificationcited by 17
  10. 2023APPLS: Evaluating Evaluation Metrics for Plain Language Summarizationcited by 15
  11. 2023DEPLAIN: A German Parallel Corpus with Intralingual Translations into Plain Language for Sentence and Document Simplificationcited by 14
  12. 2024mEdIT: Multilingual Text Editing via Instruction Tuningcited by 13
38 more
  1. 2023Learning to Paraphrase Sentences to Different Complexity Levelscited by 11
  2. 2025Reference-free Evaluation Metrics for Text Generation: A Surveycited by 9
  3. 2023Investigating Large Language Models and Control Mechanisms to Improve Text Readability of Biomedical Abstractscited by 8
  4. 2021Language Model Augmented Relevance Scorecited by 7
  5. 2022GRS: Combining Generation and Revision in Unsupervised Sentence Simplificationcited by 6
  6. 2023Exploiting Summarization Data to Help Text Simplificationcited by 5
  7. 2023Split and Rephrase with Large Language Modelscited by 5
  8. 2022(Psycho-)Linguistic Features Meet Transformer Models for Improved Explainable and Controllable Text Simplificationcited by 4
  9. 2023A New Dataset and Empirical Study for Sentence Simplification in Chinesecited by 4
  10. 2024An In-depth Evaluation of Large Language Models in Sentence Simplification with Error-based Human Assessmentcited by 4
  11. 2023Context-Aware Document Simplificationcited by 3
  12. 2023Metric-Based In-context Learning: A Case Study in Text Simplificationcited by 3
  13. 2023Medical Text Simplification: Optimizing for Readability with Unlikelihood Training and Reranked Beam Search Decodingcited by 3
  14. 2023Creating a silver standard for patent simplificationcited by 3
  15. 2024REFeREE: A REference-FREE Model-Based Metric for Text Simplificationcited by 3
  16. 2025Aligning Sentence Simplification with ESL Learner's Proficiency for Language Acquisitioncited by 3
  17. 2022Unsupervised Sentence Simplification via Dependency Parsingcited by 2
  18. 2022Cognitive Simplification Operations Improve Text Simplificationcited by 2
  19. 2024On the Benefits of Fine-Grained Loss Truncation: A Case Study on Factuality in Summarizationcited by 2
  20. 2024WikiSplit++: Easy Data Refinement for Split and Rephrasecited by 2
  21. 2025Are LLM-generated plain language summaries truly understandable? A large-scale crowdsourced evaluationcited by 2
  22. 2025APIO: Automatic Prompt Induction and Optimization for Grammatical Error Correction and Text Simplificationcited by 2
  23. 2022SimpleBERT: A Pre-trained Model That Learns to Generate Simple Wordscited by 1
  24. 2023A Novel Dataset for Financial Education Text Simplification in Spanishcited by 1
  25. 2024Readability-guided Idiom-aware Sentence Simplification (RISS) for Chinesecited by 1
  26. 2024Large Language Models for Biomedical Text Simplification: Promising But Not There Yetcited by 1
  27. 2024Edit-Constrained Decoding for Sentence Simplificationcited by 1
  28. 2025Policy-based Sentence Simplification: Replacing Parallel Corpora with LLM-as-a-Judgecited by 1
  29. 2026Simplify-This: A Comparative Analysis of Prompt-Based and Fine-Tuned LLMscited by 1
  30. 2022Automatic Text Simplification of News Articles in the Context of Public Broadcastingcited by 0
  31. 2023Sentence Simplification Using Paraphrase Corpus for Initializationcited by 0
  32. 2023MCTS: A Multi-Reference Chinese Text Simplification Datasetcited by 0
  33. 2023LC-Score: Reference-less estimation of Text Comprehension Difficultycited by 0
  34. 2024EASSE-DE: Easier Automatic Sentence Simplification Evaluation for Germancited by 0
  35. 2026Profiling German Text Simplification with Interpretable Model-Fingerprintscited by 0
  36. 2026MuTSE: A Human-in-the-Loop Multi-use Text Simplification Evaluatorcited by 0
  37. 2026Translate or Simplify First: An Analysis of Cross-lingual Text Simplification in English and Frenchcited by 0
  38. 2026SimpCue: Cue-Based Prompting for Multilingual Text Simplificationcited by 0