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DeepCaps: Going Deeper with Capsule Networks

arXiv 1904.09546 ↗First posted 21 Apr 2019cs.CVcited by 42

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Abstract (arXiv)

Capsule Network is a promising concept in deep learning, yet its true potential is not fully realized thus far, providing sub-par performance on several key benchmark datasets with complex data. Drawing intuition from the success achieved by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) by going deeper, we introduce DeepCaps1, a deep capsule network architecture which uses a novel 3D convolution based dynamic routing algorithm. With DeepCaps, we surpass the state-of-the-art results in the capsule network domain on CIFAR10, SVHN and Fashion MNIST, while achieving a 68% reduction in the number of parameters. Further, we propose a class-independent decoder network, which strengthens the use of reconstruction loss as a regularization term. This leads to an interesting property of the decoder, which allows us to identify and control the physical attributes of the images represented by the instantiation parameters.

Key facts. Cited by 42 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 21 Apr 2019.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 9; 2022: 13; 2023: 5; 2024: 7; 2025: 6; 2026: 2.

42 papers.

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  1. 2021Conditional Variational Capsule Network for Open Set Recognitioncited by 17
  2. 2024A Comprehensive Survey of Convolutions in Deep Learning: Applications, Challenges, and Future Trendscited by 16
  3. 2024Cross-view geo-localization: a surveycited by 15
  4. 2021Effective and Efficient Vote Attack on Capsule Networkscited by 14
  5. 2021Capsule Network is Not More Robust than Convolutional Networkcited by 12
  6. 2022An Algorithm for Routing Vectors in Sequencescited by 7
  7. 2023Why Capsule Neural Networks Do Not Scale: Challenging the Dynamic Parse-Tree Assumptioncited by 6
  8. 2024OrthCaps: An Orthogonal CapsNet with Sparse Attention Routing and Pruningcited by 5
  9. 2021Training Deep Capsule Networks with Residual Connectionscited by 4
  10. 2022RoHNAS: A Neural Architecture Search Framework with Conjoint Optimization for Adversarial Robustness and Hardware Efficiency of Convolutional and Capsule Networkscited by 4
  11. 2022Breast Cancer Classification Based on Histopathological Images Using a Deep Learning Capsule Networkcited by 3
  12. 2022Towards Efficient Capsule Networkscited by 3
30 more
  1. 2025Energy-Aware Deep Learning on Resource-Constrained Hardwarecited by 3
  2. 2025Quick-CapsNet (QCN): A fast alternative to Capsule Networkscited by 3
  3. 2021Faster Convergence in Deep-Predictive-Coding Networks to Learn Deeper Representationscited by 2
  4. 2022Capsule Networks Do Not Need to Model Everythingcited by 2
  5. 2021ASPCNet: A Deep Adaptive Spatial Pattern Capsule Network for Hyperspectral Image Classificationcited by 1
  6. 2021Signature-Graph Networkscited by 1
  7. 2021PointCaps: Raw Point Cloud Processing using Capsule Networks with Euclidean Distance Routingcited by 1
  8. 2022Enabling Capsule Networks at the Edge through Approximate Softmax and Squash Operationscited by 1
  9. 2022β-CapsNet: Learning Disentangled Representation for CapsNet by Information Bottleneckcited by 1
  10. 2023RobCaps: Evaluating the Robustness of Capsule Networks against Affine Transformations and Adversarial Attackscited by 1
  11. 2023Exploring Non-additive Randomness on ViT against Query-Based Black-Box Attackscited by 1
  12. 2024ParseCaps: An Interpretable Parsing Capsule Network for Medical Image Diagnosiscited by 1
  13. 2021WideCaps: A Wide Attention based Capsule Network for Image Classificationcited by 0
  14. 2022CapsNet for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 0
  15. 2022ME-CapsNet: A Multi-Enhanced Capsule Networks with Routing Mechanismcited by 0
  16. 2022Iso-CapsNet: Isomorphic Capsule Network for Brain Graph Representation Learningcited by 0
  17. 2022A Review of the Convergence of 5G/6G Architecture and Deep Learningcited by 0
  18. 2022Robustcaps: a transformation-robust capsule network for image classificationcited by 0
  19. 2022Iterative collaborative routing among equivariant capsules for transformation-robust capsule networkscited by 0
  20. 2023Explainability and Robustness of Deep Visual Classification Modelscited by 0
  21. 2023Capsule network with shortcut routingcited by 0
  22. 2024Learning from Pattern Completion: Self-supervised Controllable Generationcited by 0
  23. 2024Mitigating Vanishing Activations in Deep CapsNets Using Channel Pruningcited by 0
  24. 2024Deep Trees for (Un)structured Data: Tractability, Performance, and Interpretabilitycited by 0
  25. 2025MSPCaps: A Multi-Scale Patchify Capsule Network with Cross-Agreement Routing for Visual Recognitioncited by 0
  26. 2025Convolutional Fully-Connected Capsule Network (CFC-CapsNet): A Novel and Fast Capsule Networkcited by 0
  27. 2025LE-CapsNet: A Light and Enhanced Capsule Networkcited by 0
  28. 2025DL-CapsNet: A Deep and Light Capsule Networkcited by 0
  29. 2026One-Shot Identification with Different Neural Network Approachescited by 0
  30. 2026Multiple Additive Neural Networks for Structured and Unstructured Datacited by 0