DeepCaps: Going Deeper with Capsule Networks
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Abstract (arXiv)
Capsule Network is a promising concept in deep learning, yet its true potential is not fully realized thus far, providing sub-par performance on several key benchmark datasets with complex data. Drawing intuition from the success achieved by Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) by going deeper, we introduce DeepCaps1, a deep capsule network architecture which uses a novel 3D convolution based dynamic routing algorithm. With DeepCaps, we surpass the state-of-the-art results in the capsule network domain on CIFAR10, SVHN and Fashion MNIST, while achieving a 68% reduction in the number of parameters. Further, we propose a class-independent decoder network, which strengthens the use of reconstruction loss as a regularization term. This leads to an interesting property of the decoder, which allows us to identify and control the physical attributes of the images represented by the instantiation parameters.
Key facts. Cited by 42 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 21 Apr 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 9; 2022: 13; 2023: 5; 2024: 7; 2025: 6; 2026: 2.
42 papers.
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- 2021Conditional Variational Capsule Network for Open Set Recognitioncited by 17
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey of Convolutions in Deep Learning: Applications, Challenges, and Future Trendscited by 16
- 2024Cross-view geo-localization: a surveycited by 15
- 2021Effective and Efficient Vote Attack on Capsule Networkscited by 14
- 2021Capsule Network is Not More Robust than Convolutional Networkcited by 12
- 2022An Algorithm for Routing Vectors in Sequencescited by 7
- 2023Why Capsule Neural Networks Do Not Scale: Challenging the Dynamic Parse-Tree Assumptioncited by 6
- 2024OrthCaps: An Orthogonal CapsNet with Sparse Attention Routing and Pruningcited by 5
- 2021Training Deep Capsule Networks with Residual Connectionscited by 4
- 2022RoHNAS: A Neural Architecture Search Framework with Conjoint Optimization for Adversarial Robustness and Hardware Efficiency of Convolutional and Capsule Networkscited by 4
- 2022Breast Cancer Classification Based on Histopathological Images Using a Deep Learning Capsule Networkcited by 3
- 2022Towards Efficient Capsule Networkscited by 3
30 more
- 2025Energy-Aware Deep Learning on Resource-Constrained Hardwarecited by 3
- 2025Quick-CapsNet (QCN): A fast alternative to Capsule Networkscited by 3
- 2021Faster Convergence in Deep-Predictive-Coding Networks to Learn Deeper Representationscited by 2
- 2022Capsule Networks Do Not Need to Model Everythingcited by 2
- 2021ASPCNet: A Deep Adaptive Spatial Pattern Capsule Network for Hyperspectral Image Classificationcited by 1
- 2021Signature-Graph Networkscited by 1
- 2021PointCaps: Raw Point Cloud Processing using Capsule Networks with Euclidean Distance Routingcited by 1
- 2022Enabling Capsule Networks at the Edge through Approximate Softmax and Squash Operationscited by 1
- 2022β-CapsNet: Learning Disentangled Representation for CapsNet by Information Bottleneckcited by 1
- 2023RobCaps: Evaluating the Robustness of Capsule Networks against Affine Transformations and Adversarial Attackscited by 1
- 2023Exploring Non-additive Randomness on ViT against Query-Based Black-Box Attackscited by 1
- 2024ParseCaps: An Interpretable Parsing Capsule Network for Medical Image Diagnosiscited by 1
- 2021WideCaps: A Wide Attention based Capsule Network for Image Classificationcited by 0
- 2022CapsNet for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 0
- 2022ME-CapsNet: A Multi-Enhanced Capsule Networks with Routing Mechanismcited by 0
- 2022Iso-CapsNet: Isomorphic Capsule Network for Brain Graph Representation Learningcited by 0
- 2022A Review of the Convergence of 5G/6G Architecture and Deep Learningcited by 0
- 2022Robustcaps: a transformation-robust capsule network for image classificationcited by 0
- 2022Iterative collaborative routing among equivariant capsules for transformation-robust capsule networkscited by 0
- 2023Explainability and Robustness of Deep Visual Classification Modelscited by 0
- 2023Capsule network with shortcut routingcited by 0
- 2024Learning from Pattern Completion: Self-supervised Controllable Generationcited by 0
- 2024Mitigating Vanishing Activations in Deep CapsNets Using Channel Pruningcited by 0
- 2024Deep Trees for (Un)structured Data: Tractability, Performance, and Interpretabilitycited by 0
- 2025MSPCaps: A Multi-Scale Patchify Capsule Network with Cross-Agreement Routing for Visual Recognitioncited by 0
- 2025Convolutional Fully-Connected Capsule Network (CFC-CapsNet): A Novel and Fast Capsule Networkcited by 0
- 2025LE-CapsNet: A Light and Enhanced Capsule Networkcited by 0
- 2025DL-CapsNet: A Deep and Light Capsule Networkcited by 0
- 2026One-Shot Identification with Different Neural Network Approachescited by 0
- 2026Multiple Additive Neural Networks for Structured and Unstructured Datacited by 0
- 2026Multiple Additive Neural Networks for Structured and Unstructured Data29 Apr 2026
- 2026One-Shot Identification with Different Neural Network Approaches13 Jan 2026
- 2025DL-CapsNet: A Deep and Light Capsule Network23 Nov 2025
- 2025LE-CapsNet: A Light and Enhanced Capsule Network12 Nov 2025
- 2025Convolutional Fully-Connected Capsule Network (CFC-CapsNet): A Novel and Fast Capsule Network6 Nov 2025
- 2025Quick-CapsNet (QCN): A fast alternative to Capsule Networks8 Oct 2025
- 2025MSPCaps: A Multi-Scale Patchify Capsule Network with Cross-Agreement Routing for Visual Recognition23 Aug 2025
- 2025Energy-Aware Deep Learning on Resource-Constrained Hardware18 May 2025
- 2024ParseCaps: An Interpretable Parsing Capsule Network for Medical Image Diagnosis3 Nov 2024
- 2024Deep Trees for (Un)structured Data: Tractability, Performance, and Interpretability28 Oct 2024
- 2024Mitigating Vanishing Activations in Deep CapsNets Using Channel Pruning22 Oct 2024
- 2024Learning from Pattern Completion: Self-supervised Controllable Generation27 Sep 2024
30 more
- 2024Cross-view geo-localization: a survey14 Jun 2024
- 2024OrthCaps: An Orthogonal CapsNet with Sparse Attention Routing and Pruning20 Mar 2024
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey of Convolutions in Deep Learning: Applications, Challenges, and Future Trends23 Feb 2024
- 2023Exploring Non-additive Randomness on ViT against Query-Based Black-Box Attacks12 Sep 2023
- 2023Capsule network with shortcut routing14 Jul 2023
- 2023RobCaps: Evaluating the Robustness of Capsule Networks against Affine Transformations and Adversarial Attacks8 Apr 2023
- 2023Why Capsule Neural Networks Do Not Scale: Challenging the Dynamic Parse-Tree Assumption4 Jan 2023
- 2023Explainability and Robustness of Deep Visual Classification Models3 Jan 2023
- 2022An Algorithm for Routing Vectors in Sequences20 Nov 2022
- 2022Iterative collaborative routing among equivariant capsules for transformation-robust capsule networks20 Oct 2022
- 2022Robustcaps: a transformation-robust capsule network for image classification20 Oct 2022
- 2022RoHNAS: A Neural Architecture Search Framework with Conjoint Optimization for Adversarial Robustness and Hardware Efficiency of Convolutional and Capsule Networks11 Oct 2022
- 2022β-CapsNet: Learning Disentangled Representation for CapsNet by Information Bottleneck12 Sep 2022
- 2022Towards Efficient Capsule Networks19 Aug 2022
- 2022A Review of the Convergence of 5G/6G Architecture and Deep Learning16 Aug 2022
- 2022Breast Cancer Classification Based on Histopathological Images Using a Deep Learning Capsule Network1 Aug 2022
- 2022Iso-CapsNet: Isomorphic Capsule Network for Brain Graph Representation Learning27 Jun 2022
- 2022Enabling Capsule Networks at the Edge through Approximate Softmax and Squash Operations21 Jun 2022
- 2022Capsule Networks Do Not Need to Model Everything4 Apr 2022
- 2022ME-CapsNet: A Multi-Enhanced Capsule Networks with Routing Mechanism29 Mar 2022
- 2022CapsNet for Medical Image Segmentation16 Mar 2022
- 2021PointCaps: Raw Point Cloud Processing using Capsule Networks with Euclidean Distance Routing21 Dec 2021
- 2021Signature-Graph Networks22 Oct 2021
- 2021WideCaps: A Wide Attention based Capsule Network for Image Classification8 Aug 2021
- 2021ASPCNet: A Deep Adaptive Spatial Pattern Capsule Network for Hyperspectral Image Classification25 Apr 2021
- 2021Conditional Variational Capsule Network for Open Set Recognition19 Apr 2021
- 2021Training Deep Capsule Networks with Residual Connections15 Apr 2021
- 2021Capsule Network is Not More Robust than Convolutional Network29 Mar 2021
- 2021Effective and Efficient Vote Attack on Capsule Networks19 Feb 2021
- 2021Faster Convergence in Deep-Predictive-Coding Networks to Learn Deeper Representations18 Jan 2021
- 2021Conditional Variational Capsule Network for Open Set Recognitioncited by 17
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey of Convolutions in Deep Learning: Applications, Challenges, and Future Trendscited by 16
- 2024Cross-view geo-localization: a surveycited by 15
- 2021Effective and Efficient Vote Attack on Capsule Networkscited by 14
- 2021Capsule Network is Not More Robust than Convolutional Networkcited by 12
- 2022An Algorithm for Routing Vectors in Sequencescited by 7
- 2023Why Capsule Neural Networks Do Not Scale: Challenging the Dynamic Parse-Tree Assumptioncited by 6
- 2024OrthCaps: An Orthogonal CapsNet with Sparse Attention Routing and Pruningcited by 5
- 2021Training Deep Capsule Networks with Residual Connectionscited by 4
- 2022RoHNAS: A Neural Architecture Search Framework with Conjoint Optimization for Adversarial Robustness and Hardware Efficiency of Convolutional and Capsule Networkscited by 4
- 2022Breast Cancer Classification Based on Histopathological Images Using a Deep Learning Capsule Networkcited by 3
- 2022Towards Efficient Capsule Networkscited by 3
12 most cited of 42 All 42 (JSON)
- 2026Multiple Additive Neural Networks for Structured and Unstructured Data29 Apr 2026
- 2026One-Shot Identification with Different Neural Network Approaches13 Jan 2026
- 2025DL-CapsNet: A Deep and Light Capsule Network23 Nov 2025
- 2025LE-CapsNet: A Light and Enhanced Capsule Network12 Nov 2025
- 2025Convolutional Fully-Connected Capsule Network (CFC-CapsNet): A Novel and Fast Capsule Network6 Nov 2025
- 2025Quick-CapsNet (QCN): A fast alternative to Capsule Networks8 Oct 2025
- 2025MSPCaps: A Multi-Scale Patchify Capsule Network with Cross-Agreement Routing for Visual Recognition23 Aug 2025
- 2025Energy-Aware Deep Learning on Resource-Constrained Hardware18 May 2025
- 2024ParseCaps: An Interpretable Parsing Capsule Network for Medical Image Diagnosis3 Nov 2024
- 2024Deep Trees for (Un)structured Data: Tractability, Performance, and Interpretability28 Oct 2024
- 2024Mitigating Vanishing Activations in Deep CapsNets Using Channel Pruning22 Oct 2024
- 2024Learning from Pattern Completion: Self-supervised Controllable Generation27 Sep 2024
12 newest of 42 All 42 (JSON)