Illumination-aware Faster R-CNN for Robust Multispectral Pedestrian Detection
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Abstract (arXiv)
Multispectral images of color-thermal pairs have shown more effective than a single color channel for pedestrian detection, especially under challenging illumination conditions. However, there is still a lack of studies on how to fuse the two modalities effectively. In this paper, we deeply compare six different convolutional network fusion architectures and analyse their adaptations, enabling a vanilla architecture to obtain detection performances comparable to the state-of-the-art results. Further, we discover that pedestrian detection confidences from color or thermal images are correlated with illumination conditions. With this in mind, we propose an Illumination-aware Faster R-CNN (IAF RCNN). Specifically, an Illumination-aware Network is introduced to give an illumination measure of the input image. Then we adaptively merge color and thermal sub-networks via a gate function defined over the illumination value. The experimental results on KAIST Multispectral Pedestrian Benchmark validate the effectiveness of the proposed IAF R-CNN.
Key facts. Cited by 74 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 14 Mar 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 10; 2022: 6; 2023: 11; 2024: 18; 2025: 17; 2026: 12.
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- 2021Multimodal Object Detection via Probabilistic Ensemblingcited by 67
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- 2021Cross-Modality Attentive Feature Fusion for Object Detection in Multispectral Remote Sensing Imagerycited by 44
- 2024DAMSDet: Dynamic Adaptive Multispectral Detection Transformer with Competitive Query Selection and Adaptive Feature Fusioncited by 28
- 2022Weakly Aligned Feature Fusion for Multimodal Object Detectioncited by 26
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- 2026Bridging Severe Cross-Modal Misalignment: End-to-End Visible-Infrared Object Detection via Explicit Feature-Domain Affine Registration11 Aug 2026
- 2026DRPFNet: Dual-domain Residual Progressive Fusion Network for RGB-Thermal Object Detection4 Aug 2026
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