Super-FAN: Integrated facial landmark localization and super-resolution of real-world low resolution faces in arbitrary poses with GANs
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Abstract (arXiv)
This paper addresses 2 challenging tasks: improving the quality of low resolution facial images and accurately locating the facial landmarks on such poor resolution images. To this end, we make the following 5 contributions: (a) we propose Super-FAN: the very first end-to-end system that addresses both tasks simultaneously, i.e. both improves face resolution and detects the facial landmarks. The novelty or Super-FAN lies in incorporating structural information in a GAN-based super-resolution algorithm via integrating a sub-network for face alignment through heatmap regression and optimizing a novel heatmap loss. (b) We illustrate the benefit of training the two networks jointly by reporting good results not only on frontal images (as in prior work) but on the whole spectrum of facial poses, and not only on synthetic low resolution images (as in prior work) but also on real-world images. (c) We improve upon the state-of-the-art in face super-resolution by proposing a new residual-based architecture. (d) Quantitatively, we show large improvement over the state-of-the-art for both face super-resolution and alignment. (e) Qualitatively, we show for the first time good results on real-world low resolution images.
Key facts. Cited by 55 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 7 Dec 2017.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 15; 2022: 16; 2023: 8; 2024: 5; 2025: 7; 2026: 4.
55 papers.
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- 2021Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Facial Priorcited by 347
- 2021GAN Prior Embedded Network for Blind Face Restoration in the Wildcited by 197
- 2021Blind Image Super-Resolution: A Survey and Beyondcited by 93
- 2022Learning Dual Memory Dictionaries for Blind Face Restorationcited by 40
- 2022GCFSR: a Generative and Controllable Face Super Resolution Method Without Facial and GAN Priorscited by 39
- 2021Detection and Continual Learning of Novel Face Presentation Attackscited by 33
- 2021Deep Learning-based Face Super-Resolution: A Surveycited by 32
- 2022Variational Deep Image Restorationcited by 24
- 2021A Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning-based Single Image Super-resolutioncited by 23
- 2023Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 21
- 2023Survey on Deep Face Restoration: From Non-blind to Blind and Beyondcited by 18
- 2022Deep Face Restoration: A Surveycited by 17
38 more
- 2021Subpixel Heatmap Regression for Facial Landmark Localizationcited by 14
- 2025One-Step Diffusion for Detail-Rich and Temporally Consistent Video Super-Resolutioncited by 14
- 2024InstantRestore: Single-Step Personalized Face Restoration with Shared-Image Attentioncited by 13
- 2024Semantic Guided Large Scale Factor Remote Sensing Image Super-resolution with Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 12
- 2021Real-World Super-Resolution of Face-Images from Surveillance Camerascited by 11
- 2022Semi-Cycled Generative Adversarial Networks for Real-World Face Super-Resolutioncited by 9
- 2021Simultaneous Face Hallucination and Translation for Thermal to Visible Face Verification using Axial-GANcited by 8
- 2021Robust and Precise Facial Landmark Detection by Self-Calibrated Pose Attention Networkcited by 6
- 2022Uncertainty Estimation for Heatmap-based Landmark Localizationcited by 6
- 2021Super-Resolving Cross-Domain Face Miniatures by Peeking at One-Shot Exemplarcited by 5
- 2023Blind Face Restoration for Under-Display Camera via Dictionary Guided Transformercited by 5
- 2023FLAIR: A Conditional Diffusion Framework with Applications to Face Video Restorationcited by 5
- 2022From Keypoints to Object Landmarks via Self-Training Correspondence: A novel approach to Unsupervised Landmark Discoverycited by 4
- 2022FaceFormer: Scale-aware Blind Face Restoration with Transformerscited by 4
- 2024AuthFace: Towards Authentic Blind Face Restoration with Face-oriented Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 4
- 2022Priors in Deep Image Restoration and Enhancement: A Surveycited by 3
- 2022Multi-Prior Learning via Neural Architecture Search for Blind Face Restorationcited by 3
- 2022Rethinking Super-Resolution as Text-Guided Details Generationcited by 3
- 2023Super-Resolving Face Image by Facial Parsing Informationcited by 3
- 2023Personalized Restoration via Dual-Pivot Tuningcited by 3
- 2024CLIP-SR: Collaborative Linguistic and Image Processing for Super-Resolutioncited by 3
- 2025Evaluating Deepfake Detectors in the Wildcited by 3
- 2021Generative Transition Mechanism to Image-to-Image Translation via Encoded Transformationcited by 2
- 2021Network Architecture Search for Face Enhancementcited by 2
- 2022HIME: Efficient Headshot Image Super-Resolution with Multiple Exemplarscited by 2
- 2022Face Shape-Guided Deep Feature Alignment for Face Recognition Robust to Face Misalignmentcited by 2
- 2021UET-Headpose: A sensor-based top-view head pose datasetcited by 1
- 2021Simultaneous face detection and 360 degree headpose estimationcited by 1
- 20233D GANs and Latent Space: A comprehensive surveycited by 1
- 2023UTSGAN: Unseen Transition Suss GAN for Transition-Aware Image-to-image Translationcited by 1
- 2025HonestFace: Towards Honest Face Restoration with One-Step Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2025A Tree-guided CNN for image super-resolutioncited by 1
- 2025RefSTAR: Blind Facial Image Restoration with Reference Selection, Transfer, and Reconstructioncited by 1
- 2025Personalized Face Super-Resolution with Identity Decoupling and Fittingcited by 1
- 2026Supervision-by-Hallucination-and-Transfer: A Weakly-Supervised Approach for Robust and Precise Facial Landmark Detectioncited by 1
- 2022Enhancing Quality of Pose-varied Face Restoration with Local Weak Feature Sensing and GAN Priorcited by 0
- 2022Stochastic Attribute Modeling for Face Super-Resolutioncited by 0
- 2022The Best of Both Worlds: a Framework for Combining Degradation Prediction with High Performance Super-Resolution Networkscited by 0
50 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)
- 2026CFRNet: Cycle-Consistent Fixed-Point Training for Real-Time Blind Face Restoration on Consumer Embedded NPUs5 Jun 2026
- 2026You Only Landmark Once: Lightweight U-Net Face Super Resolution with YOLO-World Landmark Heatmaps13 May 2026
- 2026Supervision-by-Hallucination-and-Transfer: A Weakly-Supervised Approach for Robust and Precise Facial Landmark Detection19 Jan 2026
- 2026SwinIFS: Landmark Guided Swin Transformer For Identity Preserving Face Super Resolution4 Jan 2026
- 2025Personalized Face Super-Resolution with Identity Decoupling and Fitting13 Aug 2025
- 2025Evaluating Deepfake Detectors in the Wild29 Jul 2025
- 2025RefSTAR: Blind Facial Image Restoration with Reference Selection, Transfer, and Reconstruction14 Jul 2025
- 2025One-Step Diffusion for Detail-Rich and Temporally Consistent Video Super-Resolution18 Jun 2025
- 2025A Tree-guided CNN for image super-resolution3 Jun 2025
- 2025HonestFace: Towards Honest Face Restoration with One-Step Diffusion Model24 May 2025
- 2025AffectSRNet : Facial Emotion-Aware Super-Resolution Network14 Feb 2025
- 2024CLIP-SR: Collaborative Linguistic and Image Processing for Super-Resolution16 Dec 2024
38 more
- 2024InstantRestore: Single-Step Personalized Face Restoration with Shared-Image Attention9 Dec 2024
- 2024AuthFace: Towards Authentic Blind Face Restoration with Face-oriented Generative Diffusion Prior13 Oct 2024
- 2024Semantic Guided Large Scale Factor Remote Sensing Image Super-resolution with Generative Diffusion Prior11 May 2024
- 2024A General Method to Incorporate Spatial Information into Loss Functions for GAN-based Super-resolution Models15 Mar 2024
- 2023Personalized Restoration via Dual-Pivot Tuning28 Dec 2023
- 2023Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Diffusion Prior25 Dec 2023
- 2023FLAIR: A Conditional Diffusion Framework with Applications to Face Video Restoration26 Nov 2023
- 2023Survey on Deep Face Restoration: From Non-blind to Blind and Beyond27 Sep 2023
- 2023Blind Face Restoration for Under-Display Camera via Dictionary Guided Transformer20 Aug 2023
- 2023UTSGAN: Unseen Transition Suss GAN for Transition-Aware Image-to-image Translation24 Apr 2023
- 20233D GANs and Latent Space: A comprehensive survey8 Apr 2023
- 2023Super-Resolving Face Image by Facial Parsing Information6 Apr 2023
- 2022The Best of Both Worlds: a Framework for Combining Degradation Prediction with High Performance Super-Resolution Networks9 Nov 2022
- 2022Deep Face Restoration: A Survey5 Nov 2022
- 2022Learning Dual Memory Dictionaries for Blind Face Restoration15 Oct 2022
- 2022Face Shape-Guided Deep Feature Alignment for Face Recognition Robust to Face Misalignment15 Sep 2022
- 2022FaceFormer: Scale-aware Blind Face Restoration with Transformers20 Jul 2022
- 2022Stochastic Attribute Modeling for Face Super-Resolution16 Jul 2022
- 2022Rethinking Super-Resolution as Text-Guided Details Generation14 Jul 2022
- 2022Variational Deep Image Restoration3 Jul 2022
- 2022Multi-Prior Learning via Neural Architecture Search for Blind Face Restoration28 Jun 2022
- 2022Priors in Deep Image Restoration and Enhancement: A Survey4 Jun 2022
- 2022From Keypoints to Object Landmarks via Self-Training Correspondence: A novel approach to Unsupervised Landmark Discovery31 May 2022
- 2022Enhancing Quality of Pose-varied Face Restoration with Local Weak Feature Sensing and GAN Prior28 May 2022
- 2022Semi-Cycled Generative Adversarial Networks for Real-World Face Super-Resolution8 May 2022
- 2022HIME: Efficient Headshot Image Super-Resolution with Multiple Exemplars28 Mar 2022
- 2022GCFSR: a Generative and Controllable Face Super Resolution Method Without Facial and GAN Priors14 Mar 2022
- 2022Uncertainty Estimation for Heatmap-based Landmark Localization4 Mar 2022
- 2021Robust and Precise Facial Landmark Detection by Self-Calibrated Pose Attention Network23 Dec 2021
- 2021Simultaneous face detection and 360 degree headpose estimation23 Nov 2021
- 2021UET-Headpose: A sensor-based top-view head pose dataset13 Nov 2021
- 2021Subpixel Heatmap Regression for Facial Landmark Localization3 Nov 2021
- 2021Detection and Continual Learning of Novel Face Presentation Attacks27 Aug 2021
- 2021Blind Image Super-Resolution: A Survey and Beyond7 Jul 2021
- 2021Network Architecture Search for Face Enhancement13 May 2021
- 2021GAN Prior Embedded Network for Blind Face Restoration in the Wild13 May 2021
- 2021Simultaneous Face Hallucination and Translation for Thermal to Visible Face Verification using Axial-GAN13 Apr 2021
- 2021Super-Resolving Cross-Domain Face Miniatures by Peeking at One-Shot Exemplar16 Mar 2021
50 newest of 55 All 55 (JSON)
- 2023Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 21
- 2025One-Step Diffusion for Detail-Rich and Temporally Consistent Video Super-Resolutioncited by 14
- 2024Semantic Guided Large Scale Factor Remote Sensing Image Super-resolution with Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 12
- 2024AuthFace: Towards Authentic Blind Face Restoration with Face-oriented Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 4
- 2023Personalized Restoration via Dual-Pivot Tuningcited by 3
- 2025HonestFace: Towards Honest Face Restoration with One-Step Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2025One-Step Diffusion for Detail-Rich and Temporally Consistent Video Super-Resolution18 Jun 2025
- 2025HonestFace: Towards Honest Face Restoration with One-Step Diffusion Model24 May 2025
- 2024AuthFace: Towards Authentic Blind Face Restoration with Face-oriented Generative Diffusion Prior13 Oct 2024
- 2024Semantic Guided Large Scale Factor Remote Sensing Image Super-resolution with Generative Diffusion Prior11 May 2024
- 2023Personalized Restoration via Dual-Pivot Tuning28 Dec 2023
- 2023Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Diffusion Prior25 Dec 2023
- 2021Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Facial Priorcited by 347
- 2021GAN Prior Embedded Network for Blind Face Restoration in the Wildcited by 197
- 2021Blind Image Super-Resolution: A Survey and Beyondcited by 93
- 2022Learning Dual Memory Dictionaries for Blind Face Restorationcited by 40
- 2022GCFSR: a Generative and Controllable Face Super Resolution Method Without Facial and GAN Priorscited by 39
- 2021Detection and Continual Learning of Novel Face Presentation Attackscited by 33
- 2021Deep Learning-based Face Super-Resolution: A Surveycited by 32
- 2022Variational Deep Image Restorationcited by 24
- 2021A Comprehensive Review of Deep Learning-based Single Image Super-resolutioncited by 23
- 2023Survey on Deep Face Restoration: From Non-blind to Blind and Beyondcited by 18
- 2022Deep Face Restoration: A Surveycited by 17
- 2021Subpixel Heatmap Regression for Facial Landmark Localizationcited by 14
12 most cited of 49 All 49 (JSON)
- 2026CFRNet: Cycle-Consistent Fixed-Point Training for Real-Time Blind Face Restoration on Consumer Embedded NPUs5 Jun 2026
- 2026You Only Landmark Once: Lightweight U-Net Face Super Resolution with YOLO-World Landmark Heatmaps13 May 2026
- 2026Supervision-by-Hallucination-and-Transfer: A Weakly-Supervised Approach for Robust and Precise Facial Landmark Detection19 Jan 2026
- 2026SwinIFS: Landmark Guided Swin Transformer For Identity Preserving Face Super Resolution4 Jan 2026
- 2025Personalized Face Super-Resolution with Identity Decoupling and Fitting13 Aug 2025
- 2025Evaluating Deepfake Detectors in the Wild29 Jul 2025
- 2025RefSTAR: Blind Facial Image Restoration with Reference Selection, Transfer, and Reconstruction14 Jul 2025
- 2025A Tree-guided CNN for image super-resolution3 Jun 2025
- 2025AffectSRNet : Facial Emotion-Aware Super-Resolution Network14 Feb 2025
- 2024CLIP-SR: Collaborative Linguistic and Image Processing for Super-Resolution16 Dec 2024
- 2024InstantRestore: Single-Step Personalized Face Restoration with Shared-Image Attention9 Dec 2024
- 2024A General Method to Incorporate Spatial Information into Loss Functions for GAN-based Super-resolution Models15 Mar 2024
12 newest of 49 All 49 (JSON)