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A Reproducible Study on Remote Heart Rate Measurement

arXiv 1709.00962 ↗First posted 4 Sep 2017cs.CVcited by 49

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Abstract (arXiv)

This paper studies the problem of reproducible research in remote photoplethysmography (rPPG). Most of the work published in this domain is assessed on privately-owned databases, making it difficult to evaluate proposed algorithms in a standard and principled manner. As a consequence, we present a new, publicly available database containing a relatively large number of subjects recorded under two different lighting conditions. Also, three state-of-the-art rPPG algorithms from the literature were selected, implemented and released as open source free software. After a thorough, unbiased experimental evaluation in various settings, it is shown that none of the selected algorithms is precise enough to be used in a real-world scenario.

Key facts. Cited by 49 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 4 Sep 2017.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 7; 2022: 7; 2023: 7; 2024: 13; 2025: 9; 2026: 6.

49 papers.

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  1. 2021The Way to my Heart is through Contrastive Learning: Remote Photoplethysmography from Unlabelled Videocited by 66
  2. 2023MMPD: Multi-Domain Mobile Video Physiology Datasetcited by 55
  3. 2021Camera Measurement of Physiological Vital Signscited by 49
  4. 2022SCAMPS: Synthetics for Camera Measurement of Physiological Signalscited by 28
  5. 2024RhythmFormer: Extracting Patterned rPPG Signals based on Periodic Sparse Attentioncited by 28
  6. 2022Learning Motion-Robust Remote Photoplethysmography through Arbitrary Resolution Videoscited by 26
  7. 2023Image Enhancement for Remote Photoplethysmography in a Low-Light Environmentcited by 22
  8. 2022Face2PPG: An unsupervised pipeline for blood volume pulse extraction from facescited by 21
  9. 2021Deception Detection and Remote Physiological Monitoring: A Dataset and Baseline Experimental Resultscited by 16
  10. 2024Advancing Generalizable Remote Physiological Measurement through the Integration of Explicit and Implicit Prior Knowledgecited by 13
  11. 2025egoPPG: Heart Rate Estimation from Eye-Tracking Cameras in Egocentric Systems to Benefit Downstream Vision Taskscited by 11
  12. 2024PhysMLE: Generalizable and Priors-Inclusive Multi-task Remote Physiological Measurementcited by 9
37 more
  1. 2024DeepFace-Attention: Multimodal Face Biometrics for Attention Estimation with Application to e-Learningcited by 7
  2. 2021Assessment of Deep Learning-based Heart Rate Estimation using Remote Photoplethysmography under Different Illuminationscited by 6
  3. 2024Fully Test-Time rPPG Estimation via Synthetic Signal-Guided Feature Learningcited by 6
  4. 2024Summit Vitals: Multi-Camera and Multi-Signal Biosensing at High Altitudescited by 6
  5. 2025PhysDrive: A Multimodal Remote Physiological Measurement Dataset for In-vehicle Driver Monitoringcited by 6
  6. 2021Non-contact PPG Signal and Heart Rate Estimation with Multi-hierarchical Convolutional Networkcited by 5
  7. 2024MSPM: A Multi-Site Physiological Monitoring Dataset for Remote Pulse, Respiration, and Blood Pressure Estimationcited by 4
  8. 2024SFDA-rPPG: Source-Free Domain Adaptive Remote Physiological Measurement with Spatio-Temporal Consistencycited by 4
  9. 2025Gaze into the Heart: A Multi-View Video Dataset for rPPG and Health Biomarkers Estimationcited by 4
  10. 2024DD-rPPGNet: De-interfering and Descriptive Feature Learning for Unsupervised rPPG Estimationcited by 3
  11. 2025Semi-rPPG: Semi-Supervised Remote Physiological Measurement with Curriculum Pseudo-Labelingcited by 3
  12. 2021Dual Attention Network for Heart Rate and Respiratory Rate Estimationcited by 2
  13. 2023Automatic Infant Respiration Estimation from Video: A Deep Flow-based Algorithm and a Novel Public Benchmarkcited by 2
  14. 2024Evaluation of Video-Based rPPG in Challenging Environments: Artifact Mitigation and Network Resiliencecited by 2
  15. 2024OMuSense-23: A Multimodal Dataset for Contactless Breathing Pattern Recognition and Biometric Analysiscited by 2
  16. 2021Remote Pulse Estimation in the Presence of Face Maskscited by 1
  17. 2022Hiding Your Signals: A Security Analysis of PPG-based Biometric Authenticationcited by 1
  18. 2023Remote Bio-Sensing: Open Source Benchmark Framework for Fair Evaluation of rPPGcited by 1
  19. 2023PAD-Phys: Exploiting Physiology for Presentation Attack Detection in Face Biometricscited by 1
  20. 2023Remote Heart Rate Monitoring in Smart Environments from Videos with Self-supervised Pre-trainingcited by 1
  21. 2024MHAD: Multimodal Home Activity Dataset with Multi-Angle Videos and Synchronized Physiological Signalscited by 1
  22. 2025Generalization of Video-Based Heart Rate Estimation Methods To Low Illumination and Elevated Heart Ratescited by 1
  23. 2025Overcoming Small Data Limitations in Video-Based Infant Respiration Estimationcited by 1
  24. 2022Machine learning models and facial regions videos for estimating heart rate: a review on Patents, Datasets and Literaturecited by 0
  25. 2022Heart rate estimation in intense exercise videoscited by 0
  26. 2022Improved Touchless Respiratory Rate Sensingcited by 0
  27. 2023Training Robust Deep Physiological Measurement Models with Synthetic Video-based Datacited by 0
  28. 2024Deep Pulse-Signal Magnification for remote Heart Rate Estimation in Compressed Videoscited by 0
  29. 2025Ultra-Short rPPG Estimation via Periodicity Guidance and Signal Reconstructioncited by 0
  30. 2025Exploring Remote Physiological Signal Measurement under Dynamic Lighting Conditions at Night: Dataset, Experiment, and Analysiscited by 0
  31. 2025Quality-Aware Framework for Video-Derived Respiratory Signalscited by 0
  32. 2026Video-based Heart Rate Estimation with Angle-guided ROI Optimization and Graph Signal Denoisingcited by 0
  33. 2026Explaining RhythmFormer: A Systematic XAI Analysis of Periodic Sparse Attention for Remote Photoplethysmographycited by 0
  34. 2026A Skin-Tone-Aware Dual-Representation Remote Photoplethysmography Framework for Contactless Respiratory Rate Estimationcited by 0
  35. 2026StreamPPG: Low-Latency rPPG Estimation via Consistent Privileged Learningcited by 0
  36. 2026Beyond Contact Sensors: Deep learning with Pseudo-Labeling for remote Photoplethysmographycited by 0
  37. 2026Beyond Ambiguous Visual Cues: Studying Physiological Disruptions and Cross-Modal Inconsistencies in Deepfake Videoscited by 0