1.5 billion words Arabic Corpus
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Abstract (arXiv)
This study is an attempt to build a contemporary linguistic corpus for Arabic language. The corpus produced, is a text corpus includes more than five million newspaper articles. It contains over a billion and a half words in total, out of which, there is about three million unique words. The data were collected from newspaper articles in ten major news sources from eight Arabic countries, over a period of fourteen years. The corpus was encoded with two types of encoding, namely: UTF-8, and Windows CP-1256. Also it was marked with two mark-up languages, namely: SGML, and XML.
Key facts. Cited by 35 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 12 Nov 2016.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 9; 2022: 7; 2023: 11; 2024: 5; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.
35 papers.
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- 2023Having Beer after Prayer? Measuring Cultural Bias in Large Language Modelscited by 153
- 2023The BigScience ROOTS Corpus: A 1.6TB Composite Multilingual Datasetcited by 148
- 2021The Interplay of Variant, Size, and Task Type in Arabic Pre-trained Language Modelscited by 118
- 2021AraT5: Text-to-Text Transformers for Arabic Language Generationcited by 63
- 2022ORCA: A Challenging Benchmark for Arabic Language Understandingcited by 46
- 2021Pre-Training BERT on Arabic Tweets: Practical Considerationscited by 39
- 2022Wojood: Nested Arabic Named Entity Corpus and Recognition using BERTcited by 32
- 2024Peacock: A Family of Arabic Multimodal Large Language Models and Benchmarkscited by 32
- 2021ZEN 2.0: Continue Training and Adaption for N-gram Enhanced Text Encoderscited by 22
- 2021Everything Is All It Takes: A Multipronged Strategy for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Information Extractioncited by 16
- 2021Evaluating Various Tokenizers for Arabic Text Classificationcited by 14
- 2022JASMINE: Arabic GPT Models for Few-Shot Learningcited by 11
23 more
- 2024Swan and ArabicMTEB: Dialect-Aware, Arabic-Centric, Cross-Lingual, and Cross-Cultural Embedding Models and Benchmarkscited by 10
- 2023A Transformer-based Approach for Arabic Offline Handwritten Text Recognitioncited by 9
- 2023A Parameter-Efficient Learning Approach to Arabic Dialect Identification with Pre-Trained General-Purpose Speech Modelcited by 8
- 2023ArBanking77: Intent Detection Neural Model and a New Dataset in Modern and Dialectical Arabiccited by 8
- 2024AraPoemBERT: A Pretrained Language Model for Arabic Poetry Analysiscited by 8
- 2023Revisiting Entropy Rate Constancy in Textcited by 7
- 2023AraMUS: Pushing the Limits of Data and Model Scale for Arabic Natural Language Processingcited by 7
- 2024SaudiBERT: A Large Language Model Pretrained on Saudi Dialect Corporacited by 7
- 2021On the Role of Images for Analyzing Claims in Social Mediacited by 6
- 2023Octopus: A Multitask Model and Toolkit for Arabic Natural Language Generationcited by 6
- 2024EgyBERT: A Large Language Model Pretrained on Egyptian Dialect Corporacited by 5
- 2021Transformers to Fight the COVID-19 Infodemiccited by 4
- 2022Revisiting Pre-trained Language Models and their Evaluation for Arabic Natural Language Understandingcited by 2
- 2026Revisiting Data Compression with Language Modelingcited by 2
- 2022Post-hoc analysis of Arabic transformer modelscited by 1
- 2023Ashaar: Automatic Analysis and Generation of Arabic Poetry Using Deep Learning Approachescited by 1
- 2025Towards the Development of Balanced Synthetic Data for Correcting Grammatical Errors in Arabic: An Approach Based on Error Tagging Model and Synthetic Data Generating Modelcited by 1
- 2021New Arabic Medical Dataset for Diseases Classificationcited by 0
- 2022Interpreting Arabic Transformer Modelscited by 0
- 2022A Large and Diverse Arabic Corpus for Language Modelingcited by 0
- 2023ANER: Arabic and Arabizi Named Entity Recognition using Transformer-Based Approachcited by 0
- 2023Dotless Representation of Arabic Text: Analysis and Modelingcited by 0
- 2026CANDLE: CTC-based Arabic Noisy-character Deduplication using a Lightweight Encodercited by 0
- 2026CANDLE: CTC-based Arabic Noisy-character Deduplication using a Lightweight Encoder23 Jun 2026
- 2026Revisiting Data Compression with Language Modeling6 Jan 2026
- 2025Towards the Development of Balanced Synthetic Data for Correcting Grammatical Errors in Arabic: An Approach Based on Error Tagging Model and Synthetic Data Generating Model7 Feb 2025
- 2024Swan and ArabicMTEB: Dialect-Aware, Arabic-Centric, Cross-Lingual, and Cross-Cultural Embedding Models and Benchmarks2 Nov 2024
- 2024EgyBERT: A Large Language Model Pretrained on Egyptian Dialect Corpora7 Aug 2024
- 2024SaudiBERT: A Large Language Model Pretrained on Saudi Dialect Corpora10 May 2024
- 2024AraPoemBERT: A Pretrained Language Model for Arabic Poetry Analysis19 Mar 2024
- 2024Peacock: A Family of Arabic Multimodal Large Language Models and Benchmarks1 Mar 2024
- 2023Dotless Representation of Arabic Text: Analysis and Modeling26 Dec 2023
- 2023ArBanking77: Intent Detection Neural Model and a New Dataset in Modern and Dialectical Arabic29 Oct 2023
- 2023Octopus: A Multitask Model and Toolkit for Arabic Natural Language Generation24 Oct 2023
- 2023ANER: Arabic and Arabizi Named Entity Recognition using Transformer-Based Approach28 Aug 2023
23 more
- 2023A Transformer-based Approach for Arabic Offline Handwritten Text Recognition27 Jul 2023
- 2023Ashaar: Automatic Analysis and Generation of Arabic Poetry Using Deep Learning Approaches12 Jul 2023
- 2023AraMUS: Pushing the Limits of Data and Model Scale for Arabic Natural Language Processing11 Jun 2023
- 2023Having Beer after Prayer? Measuring Cultural Bias in Large Language Models23 May 2023
- 2023Revisiting Entropy Rate Constancy in Text20 May 2023
- 2023A Parameter-Efficient Learning Approach to Arabic Dialect Identification with Pre-Trained General-Purpose Speech Model18 May 2023
- 2023The BigScience ROOTS Corpus: A 1.6TB Composite Multilingual Dataset7 Mar 2023
- 2022ORCA: A Challenging Benchmark for Arabic Language Understanding21 Dec 2022
- 2022JASMINE: Arabic GPT Models for Few-Shot Learning21 Dec 2022
- 2022Post-hoc analysis of Arabic transformer models18 Oct 2022
- 2022Revisiting Pre-trained Language Models and their Evaluation for Arabic Natural Language Understanding21 May 2022
- 2022Wojood: Nested Arabic Named Entity Corpus and Recognition using BERT19 May 2022
- 2022A Large and Diverse Arabic Corpus for Language Modeling23 Jan 2022
- 2022Interpreting Arabic Transformer Models19 Jan 2022
- 2021Everything Is All It Takes: A Multipronged Strategy for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Information Extraction14 Sep 2021
- 2021AraT5: Text-to-Text Transformers for Arabic Language Generation31 Aug 2021
- 2021New Arabic Medical Dataset for Diseases Classification29 Jun 2021
- 2021Evaluating Various Tokenizers for Arabic Text Classification14 Jun 2021
- 2021ZEN 2.0: Continue Training and Adaption for N-gram Enhanced Text Encoders4 May 2021
- 2021Transformers to Fight the COVID-19 Infodemic25 Apr 2021
- 2021On the Role of Images for Analyzing Claims in Social Media17 Mar 2021
- 2021The Interplay of Variant, Size, and Task Type in Arabic Pre-trained Language Models11 Mar 2021
- 2021Pre-Training BERT on Arabic Tweets: Practical Considerations21 Feb 2021
- 2023Having Beer after Prayer? Measuring Cultural Bias in Large Language Modelscited by 153
- 2023The BigScience ROOTS Corpus: A 1.6TB Composite Multilingual Datasetcited by 148
- 2021The Interplay of Variant, Size, and Task Type in Arabic Pre-trained Language Modelscited by 118
- 2021AraT5: Text-to-Text Transformers for Arabic Language Generationcited by 63
- 2022ORCA: A Challenging Benchmark for Arabic Language Understandingcited by 46
- 2021Pre-Training BERT on Arabic Tweets: Practical Considerationscited by 39
- 2022Wojood: Nested Arabic Named Entity Corpus and Recognition using BERTcited by 32
- 2021ZEN 2.0: Continue Training and Adaption for N-gram Enhanced Text Encoderscited by 22
- 2021Everything Is All It Takes: A Multipronged Strategy for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Information Extractioncited by 16
- 2021Evaluating Various Tokenizers for Arabic Text Classificationcited by 14
- 2022JASMINE: Arabic GPT Models for Few-Shot Learningcited by 11
- 2024Swan and ArabicMTEB: Dialect-Aware, Arabic-Centric, Cross-Lingual, and Cross-Cultural Embedding Models and Benchmarkscited by 10
12 most cited of 34 All 34 (JSON)
- 2026CANDLE: CTC-based Arabic Noisy-character Deduplication using a Lightweight Encoder23 Jun 2026
- 2026Revisiting Data Compression with Language Modeling6 Jan 2026
- 2025Towards the Development of Balanced Synthetic Data for Correcting Grammatical Errors in Arabic: An Approach Based on Error Tagging Model and Synthetic Data Generating Model7 Feb 2025
- 2024Swan and ArabicMTEB: Dialect-Aware, Arabic-Centric, Cross-Lingual, and Cross-Cultural Embedding Models and Benchmarks2 Nov 2024
- 2024EgyBERT: A Large Language Model Pretrained on Egyptian Dialect Corpora7 Aug 2024
- 2024SaudiBERT: A Large Language Model Pretrained on Saudi Dialect Corpora10 May 2024
- 2024AraPoemBERT: A Pretrained Language Model for Arabic Poetry Analysis19 Mar 2024
- 2023Dotless Representation of Arabic Text: Analysis and Modeling26 Dec 2023
- 2023ArBanking77: Intent Detection Neural Model and a New Dataset in Modern and Dialectical Arabic29 Oct 2023
- 2023Octopus: A Multitask Model and Toolkit for Arabic Natural Language Generation24 Oct 2023
- 2023ANER: Arabic and Arabizi Named Entity Recognition using Transformer-Based Approach28 Aug 2023
- 2023A Transformer-based Approach for Arabic Offline Handwritten Text Recognition27 Jul 2023
12 newest of 34 All 34 (JSON)