Many Languages, One Parser
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Abstract (arXiv)
We train one multilingual model for dependency parsing and use it to parse sentences in several languages. The parsing model uses (i) multilingual word clusters and embeddings; (ii) token-level language information; and (iii) language-specific features (fine-grained POS tags). This input representation enables the parser not only to parse effectively in multiple languages, but also to generalize across languages based on linguistic universals and typological similarities, making it more effective to learn from limited annotations. Our parser's performance compares favorably to strong baselines in a range of data scenarios, including when the target language has a large treebank, a small treebank, or no treebank for training.
Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 4 Feb 2016.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 10; 2022: 5; 2023: 6; 2024: 4; 2025: 1.
26 papers.
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- 2023Evaluating GPT-4 and ChatGPT on Japanese Medical Licensing Examinationscited by 63
- 2022Exploring the Role of Task Transferability in Large-Scale Multi-Task Learningcited by 17
- 2021Analysing The Impact Of Linguistic Features On Cross-Lingual Transfercited by 16
- 2023PRESTO: A Multilingual Dataset for Parsing Realistic Task-Oriented Dialogscited by 16
- 2021Meta-Learning for Fast Cross-Lingual Adaptation in Dependency Parsingcited by 10
- 2022Cross-Linguistic Syntactic Difference in Multilingual BERT: How Good is It and How Does It Affect Transfer?cited by 10
- 2021Does Typological Blinding Impede Cross-Lingual Sharing?cited by 9
- 2021A Dataset and Baselines for Multilingual Reply Suggestioncited by 9
- 2022Using Linguistic Typology to Enrich Multilingual Lexicons: the Case of Lexical Gaps in Kinshipcited by 9
- 2023Language Embeddings Sometimes Contain Typological Generalizationscited by 9
- 2021Language Embeddings for Typology and Cross-lingual Transfer Learningcited by 8
- 2021Not All Linearizations Are Equally Data-Hungry in Sequence Labeling Parsingcited by 7
14 more
- 2023Are Structural Concepts Universal in Transformer Language Models? Towards Interpretable Cross-Lingual Generalizationcited by 6
- 2021Substructure Distribution Projection for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Dependency Parsingcited by 5
- 2024On the Evaluation Practices in Multilingual NLP: Can Machine Translation Offer an Alternative to Human Translations?cited by 5
- 2021On the Effectiveness of Dataset Embeddings in Mono-lingual,Multi-lingual and Zero-shot Conditionscited by 4
- 2021On the Relation between Syntactic Divergence and Zero-Shot Performancecited by 4
- 2023Improving Cross-Lingual Transfer through Subtree-Aware Word Reorderingcited by 4
- 2025Shared Path: Unraveling Memorization in Multilingual LLMs through Language Similaritiescited by 3
- 2023Cross-Lingual Constituency Parsing for Middle High German: A Delexicalized Approachcited by 2
- 2024LangSAMP: Language-Script Aware Multilingual Pretrainingcited by 2
- 2021Parsing with Pretrained Language Models, Multiple Datasets, and Dataset Embeddingscited by 1
- 2022Cross-lingual Inflection as a Data Augmentation Method for Parsingcited by 0
- 2022Improving Low-Resource Cross-lingual Parsing with Expected Statistic Regularizationcited by 0
- 2024How to Encode Domain Information in Relation Classificationcited by 0
- 2024Building Dialogue Understanding Models for Low-resource Language Indonesian from Scratchcited by 0
- 2025Shared Path: Unraveling Memorization in Multilingual LLMs through Language Similarities21 May 2025
- 2024Building Dialogue Understanding Models for Low-resource Language Indonesian from Scratch24 Oct 2024
- 2024LangSAMP: Language-Script Aware Multilingual Pretraining26 Sep 2024
- 2024On the Evaluation Practices in Multilingual NLP: Can Machine Translation Offer an Alternative to Human Translations?20 Jun 2024
- 2024How to Encode Domain Information in Relation Classification21 Apr 2024
- 2023Improving Cross-Lingual Transfer through Subtree-Aware Word Reordering20 Oct 2023
- 2023Are Structural Concepts Universal in Transformer Language Models? Towards Interpretable Cross-Lingual Generalization19 Oct 2023
- 2023Cross-Lingual Constituency Parsing for Middle High German: A Delexicalized Approach9 Aug 2023
- 2023Evaluating GPT-4 and ChatGPT on Japanese Medical Licensing Examinations31 Mar 2023
- 2023PRESTO: A Multilingual Dataset for Parsing Realistic Task-Oriented Dialogs15 Mar 2023
- 2023Language Embeddings Sometimes Contain Typological Generalizations19 Jan 2023
- 2022Cross-Linguistic Syntactic Difference in Multilingual BERT: How Good is It and How Does It Affect Transfer?21 Dec 2022
14 more
- 2022Improving Low-Resource Cross-lingual Parsing with Expected Statistic Regularization17 Oct 2022
- 2022Cross-lingual Inflection as a Data Augmentation Method for Parsing19 May 2022
- 2022Exploring the Role of Task Transferability in Large-Scale Multi-Task Learning23 Apr 2022
- 2022Using Linguistic Typology to Enrich Multilingual Lexicons: the Case of Lexical Gaps in Kinship11 Apr 2022
- 2021Parsing with Pretrained Language Models, Multiple Datasets, and Dataset Embeddings7 Dec 2021
- 2021Substructure Distribution Projection for Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Dependency Parsing16 Oct 2021
- 2021On the Relation between Syntactic Divergence and Zero-Shot Performance9 Oct 2021
- 2021Not All Linearizations Are Equally Data-Hungry in Sequence Labeling Parsing17 Aug 2021
- 2021Language Embeddings for Typology and Cross-lingual Transfer Learning3 Jun 2021
- 2021A Dataset and Baselines for Multilingual Reply Suggestion3 Jun 2021
- 2021Analysing The Impact Of Linguistic Features On Cross-Lingual Transfer12 May 2021
- 2021Meta-Learning for Fast Cross-Lingual Adaptation in Dependency Parsing10 Apr 2021
- 2021On the Effectiveness of Dataset Embeddings in Mono-lingual,Multi-lingual and Zero-shot Conditions1 Mar 2021
- 2021Does Typological Blinding Impede Cross-Lingual Sharing?28 Jan 2021
- 2023Evaluating GPT-4 and ChatGPT on Japanese Medical Licensing Examinationscited by 63
- 2022Exploring the Role of Task Transferability in Large-Scale Multi-Task Learningcited by 17
- 2021Analysing The Impact Of Linguistic Features On Cross-Lingual Transfercited by 16
- 2023PRESTO: A Multilingual Dataset for Parsing Realistic Task-Oriented Dialogscited by 16
- 2021Meta-Learning for Fast Cross-Lingual Adaptation in Dependency Parsingcited by 10
- 2022Cross-Linguistic Syntactic Difference in Multilingual BERT: How Good is It and How Does It Affect Transfer?cited by 10
- 2021Does Typological Blinding Impede Cross-Lingual Sharing?cited by 9
- 2021A Dataset and Baselines for Multilingual Reply Suggestioncited by 9
- 2022Using Linguistic Typology to Enrich Multilingual Lexicons: the Case of Lexical Gaps in Kinshipcited by 9
- 2023Language Embeddings Sometimes Contain Typological Generalizationscited by 9
- 2021Language Embeddings for Typology and Cross-lingual Transfer Learningcited by 8
- 2021Not All Linearizations Are Equally Data-Hungry in Sequence Labeling Parsingcited by 7
12 most cited of 26 All 26 (JSON)
- 2025Shared Path: Unraveling Memorization in Multilingual LLMs through Language Similarities21 May 2025
- 2024Building Dialogue Understanding Models for Low-resource Language Indonesian from Scratch24 Oct 2024
- 2024LangSAMP: Language-Script Aware Multilingual Pretraining26 Sep 2024
- 2024On the Evaluation Practices in Multilingual NLP: Can Machine Translation Offer an Alternative to Human Translations?20 Jun 2024
- 2024How to Encode Domain Information in Relation Classification21 Apr 2024
- 2023Improving Cross-Lingual Transfer through Subtree-Aware Word Reordering20 Oct 2023
- 2023Are Structural Concepts Universal in Transformer Language Models? Towards Interpretable Cross-Lingual Generalization19 Oct 2023
- 2023Cross-Lingual Constituency Parsing for Middle High German: A Delexicalized Approach9 Aug 2023
- 2023Evaluating GPT-4 and ChatGPT on Japanese Medical Licensing Examinations31 Mar 2023
- 2023PRESTO: A Multilingual Dataset for Parsing Realistic Task-Oriented Dialogs15 Mar 2023
- 2023Language Embeddings Sometimes Contain Typological Generalizations19 Jan 2023
- 2022Cross-Linguistic Syntactic Difference in Multilingual BERT: How Good is It and How Does It Affect Transfer?21 Dec 2022
12 newest of 26 All 26 (JSON)