Guidance Without Labels: Flow Matching from Coupled Gaussian Mixtures
On the map: Diffusion models → Flow matching, time series and science
Abstract (arXiv)
Flow matching models are typically trained to transport a Gaussian source to the data distribution, with source and target samples paired independently. We replace the source with a fitted Gaussian mixture and couple each data point to a mixture component through an entropic optimal transport problem. We show that the resulting transport reduces to the standard Gaussian-source problem up to a guidance-like correction, which enables the reuse of a pretrained velocity field. This correction is a closed-form function of the fitted mixture plus a term that we learn with a small correction network. We test our model on published checkpoints for CIFAR-10 and CelebA-HQ. It improves FID at every step count, and on CelebA-HQ it reaches the quality of the baseline with about half the steps. The closed-form term alone, with no training, already delivers most of this improvement; the small correction network accounts for the rest.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Flow matching, time series and science, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 21 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Oct 2026.
Builds on
21 of 30 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2023Multisample Flow Matching: Straightening Flows with Minibatch Couplings28 Apr
- 2023Improving and generalizing flow-based generative models with minibatch optimal transport1 Feb
- 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modeling6 Oct
- 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flow7 Sep
Other references · 17
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- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,255
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- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,847
- 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,181
- 2016Improved Techniques for Training GANscited by 2,970
- 2013Sinkhorn Distances: Lightspeed Computation of Optimal Transportation Distancescited by 2,316
- 2022Building Normalizing Flows with Stochastic Interpolantscited by 995
- 2023Stochastic Interpolants: A Unifying Framework for Flows and Diffusionscited by 939
- 2018Computational Optimal Transportcited by 780
- 2023Stochastic interpolants with data-dependent couplingscited by 100
5 more
- 2023Minimizing Trajectory Curvature of ODE-based Generative Modelscited by 89
- 2024Statistical optimal transportcited by 47
- 2025Designing a Conditional Prior Distribution for Flow-Based Generative Modelscited by 10
- 2024Structured Diffusion Models with Mixture of Gaussians as Prior Distributioncited by 9
- 2025A note on the relations between mixture models, maximum-likelihood and entropic optimal transportcited by 3
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