ReGain: Restoring Subject Fidelity in Personalization on Synthetic Images
On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing
Abstract (arXiv)
Text-to-image diffusion models are personalized to a subject by DreamBooth fine-tuning on a handful of its images. Increasingly, these images come from a diffusion model rather than a camera. We show that fine-tuning on such synthetic images degrades subject fidelity, producing oversaturated color and excess high-frequency detail. To isolate the cause, we fine-tune two models from the same base model with the same DreamBooth recipe, one on real photos of a subject and one on synthetic images of that subject generated by the first. We trace the degradation to classifier-free guidance (CFG). For the model personalized on synthetic images, the angle between the conditional and unconditional noise predictions, and with it the norm of their difference, is much larger than for the model personalized on real photos. This inflation grows toward high frequencies and also appears at other prompts semantically close to the subject, such as its class noun, but not at unrelated ones. We propose ReGain, a training-free correction applied at sampling time that measures how much each frequency band of the guidance is inflated relative to the base model and scales that band down accordingly. ReGain needs no real photos. On Stable Diffusion v1.5, ReGain closes 51-64% of the subject-fidelity gap to the model personalized on real photos, as measured by DINO, DINOv2 and CLIP-I. It also improves subject fidelity on SDXL and SD 3.5 and preserves text alignment on all three backbones.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 37 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Sep 2026.
Builds on
37 of 40 references.
Closest ancestors · 7
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Steering Guidance for Personalized Text-to-Image Diffusion Models1 Aug
- 2025Preserve and Personalize: Personalized Text-to-Image Diffusion Models without Distributional Drift26 May
- 2024Direct Consistency Optimization for Robust Customization of Text-to-Image Diffusion Models19 Feb
- 2023The Chosen One: Consistent Characters in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models16 Nov
- 2023IP-Adapter: Text Compatible Image Prompt Adapter for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models13 Aug
- 2022Multi-Concept Customization of Text-to-Image Diffusion8 Dec
- 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generation25 Aug
Other references · 30
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
- 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,974
- 2021Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformerscited by 6,968
- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,847
- 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,356
- 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,181
- 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,245
- 2018On the Spectral Bias of Neural Networkscited by 1,341
- 2024OminiControl: Minimal and Universal Control for Diffusion Transformercited by 340
- 2023Common Diffusion Noise Schedules and Sample Steps are Flawedcited by 310
18 more
- 2024Guiding a Diffusion Model with a Bad Version of Itselfcited by 299
- 2024Applying Guidance in a Limited Interval Improves Sample and Distribution Quality in Diffusion Modelscited by 254
- 2023Self-Consuming Generative Models Go MADcited by 250
- 2023ZipLoRA: Any Subject in Any Style by Effectively Merging LoRAscited by 194
- 2025Less-to-More Generalization: Unlocking More Controllability by In-Context Generationcited by 154
- 2024Is Model Collapse Inevitable? Breaking the Curse of Recursion by Accumulating Real and Synthetic Datacited by 151
- 2024CFG++: Manifold-constrained Classifier Free Guidance for Diffusion Modelscited by 149
- 2023CADS: Unleashing the Diversity of Diffusion Models through Condition-Annealed Samplingcited by 129
- 2024Eliminating Oversaturation and Artifacts of High Guidance Scales in Diffusion Modelscited by 114
- 2023On the Stability of Iterative Retraining of Generative Models on their own Datacited by 100
- 2024Rethinking the Spatial Inconsistency in Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 59
- 2024Self-Improving Diffusion Models with Synthetic Datacited by 35
- 2025Generating Multi-Image Synthetic Data for Text-to-Image Customizationcited by 25
- 2025Guidance in the Frequency Domain Enables High-Fidelity Sampling at Low CFG Scalescited by 15
- 2024Model Collapse in the Self-Consuming Chain of Diffusion Finetuning: A Novel Perspective from Quantitative Trait Modelingcited by 12
- 2025IC-Custom: Diverse Image Customization via In-Context Learningcited by 10
- 2024Improving Subject-Driven Image Synthesis with Subject-Agnostic Guidancecited by 6
- 2025MINDiff: Mask-Integrated Negative Attention for Controlling Overfitting in Text-to-Image Personalizationcited by 1
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- 2025Parallel Rescaling: Rebalancing Consistency Guidance for Personalized Diffusion Models
- 2024DreamBlend: Advancing Personalized Fine-tuning of Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
- 2025Finetuning-Free Personalization of Text to Image Generation via Hypernetworks
- 2024ImPoster: Text and Frequency Guidance for Subject Driven Action Personalization using Diffusion Models
- 2025ACCORD: Alleviating Concept Coupling through Dependence Regularization for Text-to-Image Diffusion Personalization
- 2024Pick-and-Draw: Training-free Semantic Guidance for Text-to-Image Personalization
- 2026Decoupled Guidance: Disentangling Subject and Context Pathways in Text-to-Image Personalization
- 2025IMAGE-ALCHEMY: Advancing subject fidelity in personalised text-to-image generation