A Responsive Present, a Shared Past, a Social Other: Teens' Overreliance on Companion AI Chatbots
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Abstract (arXiv)
AI companions provide socially engaging interaction through availability, personalization, memory, roleplay, and emotionally responsive language. For teens, these systems may support sensitive self-disclosure, identity exploration, and relationship rehearsal while shaping intimacy expectations, offline relationships, emotional wellbeing, and self-understanding. We analyzed 17,053 verified quotations from 3,930 teen-relevant Reddit posts using thematic analysis. We identified 53 topics across seven thematic groups. Users described AI companions as sources of comfort, recognition, identity exploration, and relationship rehearsal, but also reported problematic attachment, social substitution, emotional dependence, and disruption to academic and social life. Roleplay, memory, perceived reciprocity, unwanted romantic or sexual role drift, privacy concerns, platform changes, and service interruptions shaped users' boundaries and control. Awareness that the AI was artificial did not prevent guilt, obligation, grief, or distress. These findings show that companion-AI safety must address relationships over time through user-controlled memory, privacy, relational boundaries, and healthy disengagement.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 27 of its 88 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Sep 2026.
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27 of 88 references.
References · 27
- 2023Specializing Smaller Language Models towards Multi-Step Reasoningcited by 251
- 2024The Dark Side of AI Companionship: A Taxonomy of Harmful Algorithmic Behaviors in Human-AI Relationshipscited by 62
- 2026Continual Harness: Online Adaptation for Self-Improving Foundation Agentscited by 41
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- 2026HarnessForge: Joint Harness and Policy Evolution for Adaptive Agent Systemscited by 21
- 2026Co-Harness: Co-Evolving Harnesses and Model Weights for LLM Agentscited by 18
- 2026Harness-R1: Learning to Edit Executable Runtime Harnesses from Agent Failure Trajectoriescited by 16
- 2025Understanding Teen Overreliance on AI Companion Chatbots Through Self-Reported Reddit Narrativescited by 12
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- 2025ESC-Judge: A Framework for Comparing Emotional Support Conversational Agentscited by 8
- 2025INTIMA: A Benchmark for Human-AI Companionship Behaviorcited by 8
15 more
- 2025Harmful Traits of AI Companionscited by 6
- 2025AI-induced sexual harassment: Investigating Contextual Characteristics and User Reactions of Sexual Harassment by a Companion Chatbotcited by 5
- 2026ComBodied Agents: a New Paradigm of Human-Centric Agentic AIcited by 5
- 2025Illusions of Intimacy: How Emotional Dynamics Shape Human-AI Relationshipscited by 4
- 2025Efficiency vs. Alignment: Investigating Safety and Fairness Risks in Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning of LLMscited by 4
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- 2026Tracing Users' Privacy Concerns Across the Lifecycle of a Romantic AI Companioncited by 1
- 2026ComPASS: Towards Personalized Agentic Social Support via Tool-Augmented Companionshipcited by 1
- 2026Engagement-Optimized Care: When LLMs become Mental Health Infrastructurecited by 1
- 2026Training Agents to Evolve with Their Harness: TaoLive Digital Avatar Agent Technical Reportcited by 1
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