Question's Gambit: The First Move Matters in Agentic Deep Search
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Web, search, and research agents
Abstract (arXiv)
Deep research agents answer complex questions through iterative loops of searching, reading, and reasoning. Recent work on reasoning-intensive benchmarks such as BrowseComp-Plus shows that well-configured lexical retrieval can surface high-quality evidence, yet agents may still fail to connect documents carrying evidence to the gold documents. We identify a deep research agent's first retrieval move as an important design decision for this setting. We introduce Question's Gambit, a first-move retrieval module that decomposes the question into a set of clues, reformulates them into complementary searches, consolidates the retrieved results, and reranks the candidate pool before the agent begins its iterative search-and-reasoning process. This produces an opening context designed to support both clue aggregation and final-answer verification. We further evaluate on MultiHop-RAG to test whether these benefits transfer beyond BrowseComp-Plus to a more conventional multi-hop question structure. Experiments on BrowseComp-Plus show that Question's Gambit improves retrieval recall and downstream agent accuracy over strong baselines, improving answer accuracy from 83.1% to 90.5% with gpt-5.5 over Pi-Serini, the strongest reported agentic baseline. Our results confirm that effective agentic deep research depends not only on the tools available inside the loop, but also on the quality of the first move. We published our implementation publicly at https://github.com/radinhamidi/Question-s-Gambit.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Web, search, and research agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 16 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 13 Sep 2026.
Builds on
16 of 28 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2026Rethinking Agentic Search with Pi-Serini: Is Lexical Retrieval Sufficient?11 May
- 2026AgentIR: Reasoning-Aware Retrieval for Deep Research Agents4 Mar
- 2026Rerank Before You Reason: Analyzing Reranking Tradeoffs through Effective Token Cost in Deep Search Agents20 Jan
- 2025Deep Research Agents: A Systematic Examination And Roadmap22 Jun
Other references · 12
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,695
- 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Toolscited by 4,182
- 2018HotpotQA: A Dataset for Diverse, Explainable Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 3,754
- 2020Constructing A Multi-hop QA Dataset for Comprehensive Evaluation of Reasoning Stepscited by 1,282
- 2025Qwen3 Embedding: Advancing Text Embedding and Reranking Through Foundation Modelscited by 1,261
- 2025BrowseComp: A Simple Yet Challenging Benchmark for Browsing Agentscited by 647
- 2019Passage Re-ranking with BERTcited by 645
- 2020Document Ranking with a Pretrained Sequence-to-Sequence Modelcited by 376
- 2024MultiHop-RAG: Benchmarking Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Multi-Hop Queriescited by 257
- 2025DeepScholar-Bench: A Live Benchmark and Automated Evaluation for Generative Research Synthesiscited by 34
- 2026Learning Agent-Compatible Context Management for Long-Horizon Taskscited by 15
- 2025ERank: Fusing Supervised Fine-Tuning and Reinforcement Learning for Effective and Efficient Text Rerankingcited by 6
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.
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Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025From Web Search towards Agentic Deep Research: Incentivizing Search with Reasoning Agents
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- 2026Agentic-R: Learning to Retrieve for Agentic Search
- 2025Demystifying deep search: a holistic evaluation with hint-free multi-hop questions and factorised metrics
- 2026Rethinking Reasoning-Intensive Retrieval: Evaluating and Advancing Retrievers in Agentic Search Systems
- 2025PRISM: Agentic Retrieval with LLMs for Multi-Hop Question Answering
- 2026EigentSearch-Q+: Enhancing Deep Research Agents with Structured Reasoning Tools
- 2026GRASP: Graph Agentic Search over Propositions for Multi-hop Question Answering