What Matters for Aggressive Decoding-Time KV Eviction? Temporal Aggregation and Ranking Preservation
On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → KV cache optimization
Abstract (arXiv)
Decoding-time KV cache compression research focuses heavily on designing better token scoring functions, while the temporal rule that aggregates scores across decode steps is often treated as an implementation detail. Under aggressive KV compression, we find that exponential-moving-average (EMA) aggregation makes approximately order-preserving scorer modifications largely indistinguishable at the eviction-set level. Value-norm and entropy variants remain highly correlated with attention and produce nearly unchanged retention sets, whereas KeyDiff, key norm, recency, and a learned scorer alter the ranking and degrade substantially. We associate this stability with the evaluated aggregation, which couples layer weighting and temporal retention. Building on this observation, we introduce InertiaKV, an EMA-based decoding-time eviction method, and InertiaKV-Lazy, its periodic-refresh variant, which yields 1.34-1.46x decode throughput relative to full refresh InertiaKV. We also study Score-Free decoding as a separate empirical operating point: it scores the full context once at the first decode step, freezes that ranking, and incurs an average quality change of +0.03 while removing all subsequent scoring. Across six open-weight backbones and the LongBench, LongBench-v2, and RULER benchmarks, the results identify temporal aggregation and ranking preservation as distinct, consequential design factors; they do not imply that scoring quality is irrelevant in general.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 13 Oct 2026). Placed in KV cache optimization, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 23 of its 27 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Sep 2026.
Builds on
23 of 27 references.
Closest ancestors · 13
Same direction, newest first
- 2025EvolKV: Evolutionary KV Cache Compression for LLM Inference10 Sep
- 2025FAEDKV: Infinite-Window Fourier Transform for Unbiased KV Cache Compression26 Jul
- 2025KVzip: Query-Agnostic KV Cache Compression with Context Reconstruction29 May
- 2025RocketKV: Accelerating Long-Context LLM Inference via Two-Stage KV Cache Compression19 Feb
- 2024ShadowKV: KV Cache in Shadows for High-Throughput Long-Context LLM Inference28 Oct
- 2024Ada-KV: Optimizing KV Cache Eviction by Adaptive Budget Allocation for Efficient LLM Inference16 Jul
- 2024InfiniGen: Efficient Generative Inference of Large Language Models with Dynamic KV Cache Management28 Jun
- 2024Quest: Query-Aware Sparsity for Efficient Long-Context LLM Inference16 Jun
- 2024PyramidKV: Dynamic KV Cache Compression based on Pyramidal Information Funneling4 Jun
- 2024Reducing Transformer Key-Value Cache Size with Cross-Layer Attention21 May
- 2024SnapKV: LLM Knows What You are Looking for Before Generation22 Apr
- 2023Model Tells You What to Discard: Adaptive KV Cache Compression for LLMs3 Oct
1 more
Other references · 10
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,106
- 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,486
- 2023FlashAttention-2: Faster Attention with Better Parallelism and Work Partitioningcited by 2,570
- 2023Efficient Streaming Language Models with Attention Sinkscited by 2,137
- 2023LongBench: A Bilingual, Multitask Benchmark for Long Context Understandingcited by 1,386
- 2023GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpointscited by 1,323
- 2024RULER: What's the Real Context Size of Your Long-Context Language Models?cited by 1,302
- 2024KIVI: A Tuning-Free Asymmetric 2bit Quantization for KV Cachecited by 609
- 2024LongBench v2: Towards Deeper Understanding and Reasoning on Realistic Long-context Multitaskscited by 369
- 2025TaDA: Training-free recipe for Decoding with Adaptive KV Cache Compression and Mean-centeringcited by 3
Built on by
Not cited yet.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026KVpop -- Key-Value Cache Compression with Predictive Online Pruning
- 2026A Probabilistic Interpretation of KV Cache Eviction
- 2026When Does Value-Aware KV Eviction Help? A Fixed-Contract Diagnostic for Non-Monotone Cache Compression
- 2026CORE: COverage CAlibration and Evicted-Mass REdistribution for KV Cache
- 2026The risk of KV cache compression
- 2026Moment-KV: Momentum-Based Decode-Time KV Cache Compression for Long Generation
- 2026DeferKV: Rethinking Eviction Timing for One-Shot KV Cache Compression
- 2026ValueDiff: Value-Geometric KV Cache Eviction for Sink-Suppressed LLMs