TaDA: Training-free recipe for Decoding with Adaptive KV Cache Compression and Mean-centering
On the map: Efficient LLM inference and serving → KV cache quantization
Abstract (arXiv)
The key-value (KV) cache in transformer models is a critical component for efficient decoding or inference, yet its memory demands scale poorly with sequence length, posing a major challenge for scalable deployment of large language models. Among several approaches to KV cache compression, quantization of key and value activations has been widely explored. Most KV cache quantization methods still need to manage sparse and noncontiguous outliers separately. To address this, we introduce TaDA, a training-free recipe for KV cache compression with quantization precision that adapts to error sensitivity across layers and a mean centering to eliminate separate outlier handling. Our approach yields substantial accuracy improvements for multiple models supporting various context lengths. Moreover, our approach does not need to separately manage outlier elements -- a persistent hurdle in most traditional quantization methods. Experiments on standard benchmarks demonstrate that our technique reduces KV cache memory footprint to 27% of the original 16-bit baseline while achieving comparable accuracy. Our method paves the way for scalable and high-performance reasoning in language models by potentially enabling inference for longer context length models, reasoning models, and longer chain of thoughts.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in KV cache quantization, one of 12 directions in Efficient LLM inference and serving. Builds on 19 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Jun 2025.
Builds on
19 of 28 references.
Closest ancestors · 3
Same direction, newest first
- 2024QAQ: Quality Adaptive Quantization for LLM KV Cache7 Mar
- 2024KIVI: A Tuning-Free Asymmetric 2bit Quantization for KV Cache5 Feb
- 2024KVQuant: Towards 10 Million Context Length LLM Inference with KV Cache Quantization31 Jan
Other references · 16
- 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
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- 2021Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problemscited by 9,743
- 2021RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embeddingcited by 4,581
- 2018HotpotQA: A Dataset for Diverse, Explainable Multi-hop Question Answeringcited by 3,686
- 2023FlashAttention-2: Faster Attention with Better Parallelism and Work Partitioningcited by 2,551
- 2023LongBench: A Bilingual, Multitask Benchmark for Long Context Understandingcited by 1,378
- 2023GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpointscited by 1,311
- 2024DeepSeek-V2: A Strong, Economical, and Efficient Mixture-of-Experts Language Modelcited by 1,093
- 2019Fast Transformer Decoding: One Write-Head is All You Needcited by 700
- 2023FlexGen: High-Throughput Generative Inference of Large Language Models with a Single GPUcited by 567
- 2023Scissorhands: Exploiting the Persistence of Importance Hypothesis for LLM KV Cache Compression at Test Timecited by 428
4 more
- 2024GEAR: An Efficient KV Cache Compression Recipe for Near-Lossless Generative Inference of LLMcited by 155
- 2020Accelerating Training of Transformer-Based Language Models with Progressive Layer Droppingcited by 93
- 2023FlashDecoding++: Faster Large Language Model Inference on GPUscited by 70
- 2024Effectively Compress KV Heads for LLMcited by 30
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025H1B-KV: Hybrid One-Bit Caches for Memory-Efficient Large Language Model Inference
- 2026KVarN: Variance-Normalized KV-Cache Quantization Mitigates Error Accumulation in Reasoning Tasks
- 2025KVSink: Understanding and Enhancing the Preservation of Attention Sinks in KV Cache Quantization for LLMs
- 2025KVTuner: Sensitivity-Aware Layer-Wise Mixed-Precision KV Cache Quantization for Efficient and Nearly Lossless LLM Inference
- 2025PM-KVQ: Progressive Mixed-precision KV Cache Quantization for Long-CoT LLMs
- 2025KV Pareto: Systems-Level Optimization of KV Cache and Model Compression for Long Context Inference
- 2026A JoLT for the KV cache: Near-Lossless KV Cache Compression via Joint Rank-bit Allocation
- 2025PackKV: Reducing KV Cache Memory Footprint through LLM-Aware Lossy Compression