Is Next-Chunk Reasoning RL Really Better than SFT? Revisiting Training Strategies under no-CoT Data
On the map: LLM reasoning → Prompting and chain-of-thought reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent work proposes next-chunk reasoning RL for leveraging no-CoT data---corpora such as worked solutions and textbook derivations that contain reasoning-rich content but lack explicit chain-of-thought annotations. The method trains a model to generate implicit reasoning traces and rewards them by their ability to predict the next chunk of text. While promising, existing evaluations primarily compare against conventional SFT baselines, leaving open whether the gains come from the RL formulation itself or from more effectively exposing the model to no-CoT data. We address this question with a controlled study of next-chunk reasoning RL and a simple but previously overlooked alternative: Mixed SFT, a single supervised fine-tuning stage that jointly trains on no-CoT and long-CoT data. Despite its simplicity, Mixed SFT achieves a clearly higher post-RLVR performance ceiling than next-chunk reasoning RL while requiring over 60 times less training compute. The advantage is consistent across in-domain mathematical reasoning and out-of-domain reasoning tasks. Moreover, we show that higher pre-RLVR accuracy does not necessarily translate into higher post-RLVR accuracy, highlighting the need to evaluate no-CoT training strategies in the context of the full post-training pipeline.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Prompting and chain-of-thought reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 13 of its 24 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Aug 2026.
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References · 13
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- 2025RLP: Reinforcement as a Pretraining Objectivecited by 25
- 2026Compress the Easy, Explore the Hard: Difficulty-Aware Entropy Regularization for Efficient LLM Reasoningcited by 4
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- 2026Learning What to Learn: Stage-Specific Data Sets for SFT-then-RL in Small Language Model Reasoning
- 2025One Missing Piece for Open-Source Reasoning Models: A Dataset to Mitigate Cold-Starting Short CoT LLMs in RL
- 2025The Quest for Efficient Reasoning: A Data-Centric Benchmark to CoT Distillation
- 2025The Synergy Dilemma of Long-CoT SFT and RL: Investigating Post-Training Techniques for Reasoning VLMs
- 2025Reasoning with OmniThought: A Large CoT Dataset with Verbosity and Cognitive Difficulty Annotations
- 2025An Empirical Study on Eliciting and Improving R1-like Reasoning Models
- 2026Zipping the Thought: When and How Compressed Reasoning Data Works in LLM Post-Training
- 2025Quagmires in SFT-RL Post-Training: When High SFT Scores Mislead and What to Use Instead