mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Auditing Provenance Sensitivity in LLM Agent Action Selection

arXiv 2607.20827 ↗First posted 23 Jul 2026cs.AIcited by 12

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Agent threats, guardrails and governance

Abstract (arXiv)

LLM agents choose tools and arguments from context that mixes user requests, tool outputs, retrieved records, memory, and untrusted text. Evidence can be relevant without being authorized to determine a decision, so a correct action need not be grounded only in permitted evidence. We introduce a target-specific authorization audit that labels context factors separately for each tool and argument target. Its primary test holds the task, proposition, position, and policy fixed while changing only the proposition's source authority. We then test behavior when valid evidence is weakened and use context-subset interactions as a secondary localization diagnostic. Across 450 controlled next-action tasks and multiple open-weight LLM families, trusted and untrusted variants produce different actions in 5.4 percent of competing cases versus 1.7 percent of supporting cases. Under controlled degradation, unauthorized competition is retained in a full-correct, mixed-error, clean-correct pattern in 2.4 percent of comparisons, with a 95 percent confidence interval from 2.1 to 3.0 percent. These are controlled stress-set rates, not deployment prevalence. The models respond to textual source-authority cues, but this does not prevent untrusted evidence from influencing their actions.

Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Agent threats, guardrails and governance, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 24 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 Jul 2026.

Builds on

24 of 31 references.

Closest ancestors · 6

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2026ClawGuard: A Runtime Security Framework for Tool-Augmented LLM Agents Against Indirect Prompt Injection13 Apr
  2. 2026AttriGuard: Defeating Indirect Prompt Injection in LLM Agents via Causal Attribution of Tool Invocations11 Mar
  3. 2026CausalArmor: Efficient Indirect Prompt Injection Guardrails via Causal Attribution8 Feb
  4. 2026AgentSys: Secure and Dynamic LLM Agents Through Explicit Hierarchical Memory Management7 Feb
  5. 2025Defeating Prompt Injections by Design24 Mar
  6. 2024The Task Shield: Enforcing Task Alignment to Defend Against Indirect Prompt Injection in LLM Agents21 Dec

Other references · 18

  1. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,695
  2. 2023Judging LLM-as-a-Judge with MT-Bench and Chatbot Arenacited by 8,626
  3. 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Toolscited by 4,182
  4. 2017Axiomatic Attribution for Deep Networkscited by 3,384
  5. 2023WebArena: A Realistic Web Environment for Building Autonomous Agentscited by 2,006
  6. 2023ToolLLM: Facilitating Large Language Models to Master 16000+ Real-world APIscited by 1,947
  7. 2023Not what you've signed up for: Compromising Real-World LLM-Integrated Applications with Indirect Prompt Injectioncited by 1,443
  8. 2024τ-bench: A Benchmark for Tool-Agent-User Interaction in Real-World Domainscited by 1,402
  9. 2023Gorilla: Large Language Model Connected with Massive APIscited by 1,332
  10. 2024OSWorld: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Open-Ended Tasks in Real Computer Environmentscited by 1,195
  11. 2025A-MEM: Agentic Memory for LLM Agentscited by 1,063
  12. 2025τ2-Bench: Evaluating Conversational Agents in a Dual-Control Environmentcited by 627
6 more
  1. 2024The Instruction Hierarchy: Training LLMs to Prioritize Privileged Instructionscited by 493
  2. 2024WorkArena: How Capable Are Web Agents at Solving Common Knowledge Work Tasks?cited by 363
  3. 2024ToolSandbox: A Stateful, Conversational, Interactive Evaluation Benchmark for LLM Tool Use Capabilitiescited by 295
  4. 2025ACEBench: Who Wins the Match Point in Tool Usage?cited by 71
  5. 2025Rethinking Stateful Tool Use in Multi-Turn Dialogues: Benchmarks and Challengescited by 12
  6. 2024Evaluating the Correctness of Inference Patterns Used by LLMs for Judgmentcited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 12.

12 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026From Agent Traces to Trust: A Survey of Evidence Tracing and Execution Provenance in LLM Agents
  2. 2026The Granularity Mismatch in Agent Security: Argument-Level Provenance Solves Enforcement and Isolates the LLM Reasoning Bottleneck
  3. 2026Safeguarding LLM Agents from Misalignment through Provenance Analysis
  4. 2026READER: Dynamic LLM Provenance from Query-Varying Interactions
  5. 2026PACE: Provenance-Aware Capability Enforcement for Tool-Using LLM Agents
  6. 2026ARGUS: Defending LLM Agents Against Context-Aware Prompt Injection
  7. 2026When Tool Outputs Become Commands: Separating Action Induction from Runtime Authorization in Tool-Augmented LLM Agents
  8. 2026When Agents Overtrust Environmental Evidence: An Extensible Agentic Framework for Benchmarking Evidence-Grounding Defects in LLM Agents