mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

LKValues: Aligning Large Language Models with Sri Lankan Societal Values

arXiv 2607.20410 ↗First posted 22 Jul 2026cs.CLcited by 1

On the map: LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation → Human values and AI feedback alignment

Abstract (arXiv)

Value alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) has been shown to be culturally biased toward Western norms. This results in the mishandling of local values in multilingual societies such as Sri Lanka that have their unique cultural dynamics. Existing benchmarks overlook Sri Lankan-contextualized values in its official language Sinhala, hindering culturally sensitive evaluation and fine-tuning. To bridge this gap, we propose LKValues, the first survey-grounded resource suite for Sri Lankan value alignment. From a trilingual survey of 205 respondents, blending adapted global frameworks and LLM-elicited local constructs, we derive 40 majority-endorsed societal values. Using these values, we construct LKvaluesIT, a Sinhala-English news-derived instruction corpus containing 150k scenario-based instances, and LKvaluesBench, a value-sensitive evaluation benchmark of 1,000 instances. We evaluate a set of proprietary and open-weight LLMs with LKvaluesBench. We fine-tune three open-weight base models (Qwen3.5-4B-Base, Qwen3.5-9B-Base, and Aya-Expanse-8B-Base). Our experiments show that newer and larger LLMs still exhibit low-resource and cultural value-alignment gaps. LKValues fine-tuning improves Qwen-family models in English and Sinhala, reducing invalid outputs and cross-lingual disparities, though gains remain model-family dependent. These highlight LKValues efficacy in embedding Sri Lankan values, offering a replicable pipeline for low-resource, country-specific pluralist value alignment. The dataset is publicly available at https://github.com/NextME14/LKValues.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Human values and AI feedback alignment, one of 10 directions in LLM alignment / RLHF / preference optimisation. Builds on 16 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Jul 2026.

Builds on

16 of 36 references.

Closest ancestors · 5

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Diverse Human Value Alignment for Large Language Models via Ethical Reasoning1 Nov
  2. 2025On the Alignment of Large Language Models with Global Human Opinion1 Sep
  3. 2025C-VARC: A Large-Scale Chinese Value Rule Corpus for Value Alignment of Large Language Models2 Jun
  4. 2024Modular Pluralism: Pluralistic Alignment via Multi-LLM Collaboration22 Jun
  5. 2024KorNAT: LLM Alignment Benchmark for Korean Social Values and Common Knowledge21 Feb

Other references · 11

  1. 2021Finetuned Language Models Are Zero-Shot Learnerscited by 3,780
  2. 2024Political Compass or Spinning Arrow? Towards More Meaningful Evaluations for Values and Opinions in Large Language Modelscited by 162
  3. 2024CultureBank: An Online Community-Driven Knowledge Base Towards Culturally Aware Language Technologiescited by 98
  4. 2024WorldValuesBench: A Large-Scale Benchmark Dataset for Multi-Cultural Value Awareness of Language Modelscited by 60
  5. 2025Randomness, Not Representation: The Unreliability of Evaluating Cultural Alignment in LLMscited by 54
  6. 2023Assessing LLMs for Moral Value Pluralismcited by 34
  7. 2023Decolonial AI Alignment: Openness, Vi'sedsa-Dharma, and Including Excluded Knowledgescited by 10
  8. 2025SinhalaMMLU: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating Multitask Language Understanding in Sinhalacited by 6
  9. 2025Designing Culturally Aligned AI Systems For Social Good in Non-Western Contextscited by 2
  10. 2026Reflections and New Directions for Human-Centered Large Language Modelscited by 2
  11. 2026DVMap: Fine-Grained Pluralistic Value Alignment via High-Consensus Demographic-Value Mappingcited by 1

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Benchmarking Multi-National Value Alignment for Large Language Models
  2. 2026Understanding Cultural Alignment in Multilingual LLMs via Natural Debate Statements ↗
  3. 2024Self-Alignment: Improving Alignment of Cultural Values in LLMs via In-Context Learning
  4. 2026Pancasila-Dilemmas: Evaluating Large Language Models on Indonesian Human Value Dilemmas Grounded in Pancasila
  5. 2025From Surveys to Narratives: Rethinking Cultural Value Adaptation in LLMs
  6. 2026Mind the Gap: Pitfalls of LLM Alignment with Asian Public Opinion
  7. 2025Break the Checkbox: Challenging Closed-Style Evaluations of Cultural Alignment in LLMs
  8. 2026PLURAL: A Global Dataset for Value Alignment