See First, Answer Later: Visual Evidence Pre-Alignment via Sufficiency-Driven RL
On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) integrate strong text reasoning with visual inputs, yet their responses can be inconsistent with the underlying images, indicating ineffective utilization of visual evidence during inference. The prevailing training paradigm relies on large-scale caption-based pretraining for general alignment, followed by supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning to enable instruction following and complex reasoning. However, such pretraining provides only weak visual grounding: short, coarse captions bias models toward salient objects while neglecting fine-grained visual evidence. In this paper, we introduce Visual Evidence Pre-Alignment (VEPA), an intermediate stage between pretraining and post-training that explores a novel sufficiency-driven objective with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) to optimize question-conditioned visual evidence descriptions. Extensive experiments across diverse benchmarks show that our VEPA consistently enhances performance on visually demanding evaluations and complements standard supervised post-training. Further analyses show that the income stems from strengthened, transferable visual grounding, rather than from additional task-specific training.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 40 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Jun 2026.
Builds on
40 of 46 references.
Closest ancestors · 9
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Visionary-R1: Mitigating Shortcuts in Visual Reasoning with Reinforcement Learning20 May
- 2025DeepEyes: Incentivizing "Thinking with Images" via Reinforcement Learning20 May
- 2025VL-Rethinker: Incentivizing Self-Reflection of Vision-Language Models with Reinforcement Learning10 Apr
- 2025VLM-R1: A Stable and Generalizable R1-style Large Vision-Language Model10 Apr
- 2025Visual-RFT: Visual Reinforcement Fine-Tuning3 Mar
- 2024Probing Visual Language Priors in VLMs31 Dec
- 2024Fine-Tuning Large Vision-Language Models as Decision-Making Agents via Reinforcement Learning16 May
- 2022Learn to Explain: Multimodal Reasoning via Thought Chains for Science Question Answering20 Sep
- 2022ChartQA: A Benchmark for Question Answering about Charts with Visual and Logical Reasoning19 Mar
Other references · 31
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,608
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
- 2024DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Modelscited by 9,379
- 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 8,065
- 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
- 2023BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Modelscited by 6,137
- 2024Qwen2.5 Technical Reportcited by 4,942
- 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 4,418
- 2022Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learningcited by 4,386
- 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolutioncited by 4,234
- 2017Deep reinforcement learning from human preferencescited by 3,912
- 2023MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Modelscited by 2,711
19 more
- 2016Making the V in VQA Matter: Elevating the Role of Image Understanding in Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,516
- 2023Evaluating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 1,729
- 2019Towards VQA Models That Can Readcited by 1,718
- 2023MME: A Comprehensive Evaluation Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 1,652
- 2016CLEVR: A Diagnostic Dataset for Compositional Language and Elementary Visual Reasoningcited by 1,457
- 2020Oscar: Object-Semantics Aligned Pre-training for Vision-Language Taskscited by 1,214
- 2024Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models?cited by 914
- 2016A Diagram Is Worth A Dozen Imagescited by 804
- 2022A-OKVQA: A Benchmark for Visual Question Answering using World Knowledgecited by 710
- 2018Object Hallucination in Image Captioningcited by 669
- 2021Inter-GPS: Interpretable Geometry Problem Solving with Formal Language and Symbolic Reasoningcited by 383
- 2025Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards Implicitly Incentivizes Correct Reasoning in Base LLMscited by 289
- 2024DreamLIP: Language-Image Pre-training with Long Captionscited by 72
- 2015Seeing through the Human Reporting Bias: Visual Classifiers from Noisy Human-Centric Labelscited by 64
- 2025FineVision: Open Data Is All You Needcited by 53
- 2021Lossy Compression for Lossless Predictioncited by 52
- 2018VQA-E: Explaining, Elaborating, and Enhancing Your Answers for Visual Questionscited by 50
- 2021A First Look: Towards Explainable TextVQA Models via Visual and Textual Explanationscited by 14
- 2024What Makes for Good Image Captions?cited by 11
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.
1 paper.
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