Vision Inference Former: Sustaining Visual Consistency in Multimodal Large Language Models
On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → MLLM training and visual instruction tuning
Abstract (arXiv)
In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable progress, primarily attributed to effective paradigms for integrating visual and textual information. The dominant connector-based paradigm projects visual features into textual sequence, enabling unified multimodal alignment and reasoning within a generative architecture. However, our experiments reveal two key limitations: (1) Although visual information serves as the core evidential modality in MLLMs, it is treated on par with textual tokens, diminishing the unique contribution of the visual modality; (2) As generation length increases, particularly within a limited context window, the model's dependence on visual information progressively weakens, resulting in deteriorated vision-language alignment and reduced consistency between generated content and visual semantics. To address these challenges, we propose the Vision Inference Former (VIF), a lightweight architectural module that establishes a direct bridge between pure visual representations and the model's output space. Specifically, VIF continuously injects visual semantics throughout the decoding phase of the inference process, ensuring that the model remains firmly grounded in visual content during generation. We conduct experiments on 14 benchmark tasks covering general reasoning, OCR, table understanding, vision-centric evaluation, and hallucination. Experimental results show that VIF consistently improves model performance across diverse architectures while introducing minimal additional overhead. The code for this work is available at https://github.com/Dong-Xinpeng/VIF.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in MLLM training and visual instruction tuning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 38 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 May 2026.
Builds on
38 of 47 references.
Closest ancestors · 9
Same direction, newest first
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- 2024Reconstructive Visual Instruction Tuning12 Oct
- 2024Qwen2-VL: Enhancing Vision-Language Model's Perception of the World at Any Resolution18 Sep
- 2024Cambrian-1: A Fully Open, Vision-Centric Exploration of Multimodal LLMs24 Jun
- 2024Eyes Wide Shut? Exploring the Visual Shortcomings of Multimodal LLMs11 Jan
- 2023InternVL: Scaling up Vision Foundation Models and Aligning for Generic Visual-Linguistic Tasks21 Dec
- 2023ShareGPT4V: Improving Large Multi-Modal Models with Better Captions21 Nov
- 2023MMBench: Is Your Multi-modal Model an All-around Player?12 Jul
- 2023InstructBLIP: Towards General-purpose Vision-Language Models with Instruction Tuning11 May
Other references · 29
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
- 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,869
- 2023BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Modelscited by 6,137
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,587
- 2021Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text Supervisioncited by 3,864
- 2023MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Modelscited by 2,711
- 2016Making the V in VQA Matter: Elevating the Role of Image Understanding in Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,516
- 2019ViLBERT: Pretraining Task-Agnostic Visiolinguistic Representations for Vision-and-Language Taskscited by 2,222
- 2023MMMU: A Massive Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark for Expert AGIcited by 2,080
- 2025InternVL3: Exploring Advanced Training and Test-Time Recipes for Open-Source Multimodal Modelscited by 1,834
- 2023Evaluating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Modelscited by 1,729
17 more
- 2019Towards VQA Models That Can Readcited by 1,718
- 2022ChartQA: A Benchmark for Question Answering about Charts with Visual and Logical Reasoningcited by 1,479
- 2020DocVQA: A Dataset for VQA on Document Imagescited by 1,317
- 2017Bottom-Up and Top-Down Attention for Image Captioning and Visual Question Answeringcited by 1,312
- 2019OK-VQA: A Visual Question Answering Benchmark Requiring External Knowledgecited by 1,121
- 2024Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating Large Vision-Language Models?cited by 914
- 2023Mitigating Object Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models through Visual Contrastive Decodingcited by 688
- 2024Measuring Multimodal Mathematical Reasoning with MATH-Vision Datasetcited by 526
- 2023OCRBench: On the Hidden Mystery of OCR in Large Multimodal Modelscited by 476
- 2021InfographicVQAcited by 437
- 2018DVQA: Understanding Data Visualizations via Question Answeringcited by 340
- 2024mPLUG-Owl3: Towards Long Image-Sequence Understanding in Multi-Modal Large Language Modelscited by 291
- 2024MetaMorph: Multimodal Understanding and Generation via Instruction Tuningcited by 206
- 2024Multimodal Autoregressive Pre-training of Large Vision Encoderscited by 109
- 2019AI2D-RST: A multimodal corpus of 1000 primary school science diagramscited by 60
- 2025Qwen Look Again: Guiding Vision-Language Reasoning Models to Re-attention Visual Informationcited by 28
- 2025Octopus: Alleviating Hallucination via Dynamic Contrastive Decodingcited by 24
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