Improving Visual Representation Alignment Generation with GRPO
On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion foundations and sampling
Abstract (arXiv)
Recent diffusion transformers have demonstrated strong image synthesis capabilities but remain inefficient to train due to weak alignment between generative and discriminative representations. While representation alignment frameworks such as REPA improve convergence by aligning noisy denoising features with pretrained visual encoders, their externally supervised alignment loss is static and lacks adaptivity during training and inference. Existing methods rely on fixed cosine alignment or contrastive objectives, which cannot dynamically balance representation consistency and generation quality, resulting in limited discriminative benefit and failing to optimize alignment in a task-adaptive manner. To address this, we propose VRPO, a reinforcement-based optimization strategy that replaces REPA's static alignment loss with a generative representation policy optimization objective. Instead of enforcing a fixed similarity constraint, VRPO treats representation alignment as a reward-guided process: the model receives adaptive rewards based on generation fidelity, perceptual quality, and semantic coherence between the diffusion features and pretrained visual embeddings. This formulation enables the generator to continuously refine its internal representations toward semantically meaningful directions while improving image quality. Our VRPO-driven training seamlessly integrates into diffusion transformers, introducing negligible computation cost and preserving full compatibility with SiT and DiT architectures. Extensive experiments on ImageNet-256x256 demonstrate that our VRPO-Alignment substantially enhances both convergence and fidelity, achieving up to +1.8 FID improvement and 2.3x faster training compared to REPA under identical compute budgets.
Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion foundations and sampling, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 33 of its 37 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 May 2026.
Builds on
33 of 37 references.
Closest ancestors · 13
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Representation Entanglement for Generation: Training Diffusion Transformers Is Much Easier Than You Think2 Jul
- 2025REPA-E: Unlocking VAE for End-to-End Tuning with Latent Diffusion Transformers14 Apr
- 2024Representation Alignment for Generation: Training Diffusion Transformers Is Easier Than You Think9 Oct
- 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesis5 Mar
- 2024Deconstructing Denoising Diffusion Models for Self-Supervised Learning25 Jan
- 2024SiT: Exploring Flow and Diffusion-based Generative Models with Scalable Interpolant Transformers16 Jan
- 2023Diffusion Model as Representation Learner21 Aug
- 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesis4 Jul
- 2023Denoising Diffusion Autoencoders are Unified Self-supervised Learners17 Mar
- 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformers19 Dec
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models20 Dec
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equations26 Nov
1 more
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models19 Jun
Other references · 20
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
- 2020A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learning of Visual Representationscited by 12,049
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,177
- 2023Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Modelcited by 8,065
- 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,974
- 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,585
- 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,355
- 2017Deep reinforcement learning from human preferencescited by 3,912
- 2016Improved Techniques for Training GANscited by 2,970
- 2022Video Diffusion Modelscited by 2,305
- 2019Fine-Tuning Language Models from Human Preferencescited by 2,150
8 more
- 2021An Empirical Study of Training Self-Supervised Vision Transformerscited by 1,616
- 2023ImageReward: Learning and Evaluating Human Preferences for Text-to-Image Generationcited by 1,045
- 2023Self-Supervised Learning from Images with a Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecturecited by 1,039
- 2024WorldSimBench: Towards Video Generation Models as World Simulatorscited by 881
- 2024Movie Gen: A Cast of Media Foundation Modelscited by 644
- 2024The Platonic Representation Hypothesiscited by 382
- 2023Your Diffusion Model is Secretly a Zero-Shot Classifiercited by 306
- 2025RewardDance: Reward Scaling in Visual Generationcited by 68
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.
1 paper.
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025SARA: Structural and Adversarial Representation Alignment for Training-efficient Diffusion Models
- 2026Training-Free Representation Guidance for Diffusion Models with a Representation Alignment Projector
- 2026V-Co: A Closer Look at Visual Representation Alignment via Co-Denoising
- 2026Beyond Point-Wise Matching: Structural Representation Alignment for Accelerating Diffusion Transformers
- 2026Purify Before You Align: Improving Representation Alignment for Diffusion Models
- 2025REPA Works Until It Doesn't: Early-Stopped, Holistic Alignment Supercharges Diffusion Training
- 2025Align & Invert: Solving Inverse Problems with Diffusion and Flow-based Models via Representation Alignment
- 2026MaskAlign: Token-Subset Representation Alignment for Efficient Diffusion Training