Emergent Semantic Representations in World Models through Physical Interaction without Linguistic Supervision
On the map: World models → World models for language agents
Abstract (arXiv)
What does a world model learn from physical exploration, without any linguistic supervision? We argue the answer is organized by a single principle: the geometric structure of the physical world. Training a VAE-based world model on random embodied exploration, we find that its latent space develops spatial semantic structure that mirrors physical geometry -- direction accuracy 0.677+-0.029 versus 0.547 for a randomly initialized encoder, and position RSA 0.192+-0.047 versus 0.029 for random encoders (6.6x improvement), showing that training induces genuine structural organization beyond CNN inductive bias. Across 20 temporal checkpoints, prediction performance and semantic alignment co-improve (Spearman r=-0.61, p=0.004), consistent with the shared-driver account. We confirm this through a double knockout: standard KL regularization (beta=0.1) forces the encoder away from geometric structure, and both prediction performance and semantic alignment collapse simultaneously to near-chance by step 50,000 -- exactly as the shared-driver account predicts. Reducing beta to 0.001 restores geometric access and recovers both capabilities together. These findings establish physical world geometry as the organizing principle of world model representations, with direct implications for the design of semantically grounded embodied agents.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in World models for language agents, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 12 of its 19 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 May 2026.
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12 of 19 references.
References · 12
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- 2026Learning Latent Action World Models In The Wildcited by 42
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- 2025Linear Spatial World Models Emerge in Large Language Models
- 2026Platonic Representation Hypothesis on World Models
- 2026Do World Models Learn Global Understanding?
- 2026PhiZero: A World Model Built Around Physical Language
- 2025From Masks to Worlds: A Hitchhiker's Guide to World Models
- 2026WorldString: Actionable World Representation
- 2026GeoSem-WAM: Geometry- and Semantic-Aware World Action Models
- 2025Beyond Pixels: Introducing Geometric-Semantic World Priors for Video-based Embodied Models via Spatio-temporal Alignment