Claim-Selective Certification for High-Risk Medical Retrieval-Augmented Generation
On the map: Retrieval-augmented generation → Medical and biomedical RAG
Abstract (arXiv)
Medical RAG systems in high-risk QA settings are often evaluated through a single answer-or-abstain decision, but mixed evidence may support one claim, require conditions for another, and contradict a third. We study claim-selective certification: each response is decomposed into verifiable claims, scored against retrieved evidence, and mapped by an intent-aware selector to {full, partial, conflict, abstain}. On the primary weak-label certificate protocol, whose real-source-only dev/test rows cover the naturally occurring non-abstain actions, the full system records UCCR=0.0000, PAU=1.0000, PAU Precision=0.9901, and action accuracy=0.9204 on dev (n=314), and UCCR=0.0000, PAU=0.9967, PAU Precision=0.9739, and action accuracy=0.8997 on test (n=319). UCCR measures unsupported-claim risk within the certificate definition, and a source-missing counterfactual slice evaluates abstain under empty evidence. Shortcut controls quantify the action-label prior explained by source and intent metadata, while source/evidence-novel slices characterize transfer boundaries. The resulting interface separates action-label prediction from evidence-linked claim selection under mixed evidence.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Medical and biomedical RAG, one of 15 directions in Retrieval-augmented generation. Builds on 30 of its 33 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 May 2026.
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30 of 33 references.
References · 30
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18 more
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- 2026SURE-RAG: Sufficiency and Uncertainty-Aware Evidence Verification for Selective Retrieval-Augmented Generation
- 2026RAG-X: Systematic Diagnosis of Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Medical Question Answering
- 2026When Retrieval Helps and Distracts: Evaluating Evidence-Generating LLMs for Biomedical Claim Verification
- 2026Towards Query-Agnostic RAG Evaluation via Query Coverage and Claim Verifiability
- 2025MedCoT-RAG: Causal Chain-of-Thought RAG for Medical Question Answering
- 2026ClinicalBench: Stress-Testing Assertion-Aware Retrieval for Cross-Admission Clinical QA on MIMIC-IV