Physical Fidelity Reconstruction via Improved Consistency-Distilled Flow Matching for Dynamical Systems

Reconstructing high-fidelity flow fields from low-fidelity observations is a central problem in scientific machine learning, yet recent diffusion and flow-matching models typically rely on iterative sampling, making them costly for latency-sensitive workflows such as ensemble forecasting, real-time visualization, and simulation-in-the-loop inference. We study whether a high-fidelity flow-matching generative model can be compressed into a compact one-step model for fast scientific flow reconstruction. Our approach distills an optimal-transport flow-matching teacher into a one-step consistency model. Low-fidelity observations are incorporated at inference by initializing the generative trajectory from a noised observation along the transport path, allowing an unconditional high-fidelity flow model to perform conditional reconstruction without retraining the teacher. We evaluate this distillation strategy on three fluid benchmarks, Smoke Buoyancy, Turbulent Channel Flow, and Kolmogorov Flow, using coarse-to-fine reconstruction as a controlled testbed at field sizes up to 256 × 256. Across these settings, the distilled student retains similar performance of the teacher's model on spectrum metrics, while using roughly half as many parameters and achieving a 12× inference speedup over the flow-matching teacher. Under the same training budget, the distilled student also outperforms a one-step consistency model trained directly from scratch by 23.1% in SSIM, showing that teacher distillation improves training efficiency rather than merely accelerating sampling. These results suggest a promising route for turning future high-capacity scientific generative models into compact reconstruction models that are faster to train, cheaper to run, and easier to deploy.