mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Architectural Obsolescence of Unhardened Agentic-AI Runtimes

arXiv 2605.01740 ↗First posted 3 May 2026cs.CR cs.AI cs.MAcited by 0

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Agent threats, guardrails and governance

Abstract (arXiv)

An agentic-AI runtime issues tool calls, sends messages, and actuates devices on behalf of an LLM. Catching the four ways an action can diverge from its audit record -- F1 gate-bypass, F2 audit-forgery, silent host failure, F4 wrong-target, -- is a load-bearing safety property of any such runtime. We show that upstream OpenClaw, the most engineered single-user agentic-AI gateway in public release, catches none of them: recall is 0.000 on every cell of every confusion matrix, on a 1600-sample template baseline through OpenClaw's actual production command-line interface (CLI) and on a ten-LLM cross-model generalisation run. Detecting F1--F4 requires seven specific runtime structures absent from OpenClaw's source tree: a biconditional checker, a hash-chained audit log, an extension admission gate, a two-layer egress guard, a Bell-LaPadula classification policy, a module-signing trust root, and a bootstrap seal. enclawed-oss -- an MIT-licensed drop-in fork that ships all seven -- reaches P = R = F1 = accuracy = 1.000 on the same input. The gap is structural, not parametric: a six-line append-only widening of enclawed-oss's data-loss-prevention (DLP) regex catalog raises per-channel F3 detection by 14.6% net at unchanged precision; the same edit on OpenClaw has nowhere to land. The harness deliberately exercises real Discord and Telegram channels -- plugin categories the first enclawed release deleted as unsafe -- to show F1--F4 detection extends to those previously-unsafe extensions. With architectural superiority for security and feature parity for extensions, we argue that unhardened agentic-AI runtimes are architecturally obsolete: a strictly better alternative exists, is adoptable today, and the gap requires re-architecture rather than configuration. We invite reviewers to apply the harness to any candidate runtime.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Agent threats, guardrails and governance, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 3 of its 9 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 May 2026.

Builds on

3 of 9 references.

References · 3

  1. 2023Not what you've signed up for: Compromising Real-World LLM-Integrated Applications with Indirect Prompt Injectioncited by 1,339
  2. 2023Prompt Injection attack against LLM-integrated Applicationscited by 568
  3. 2026enclawed: A Configurable, Sector-Neutral Hardening Framework for Single-User AI Assistant Gatewayscited by 2

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  1. 2026A Security Analysis of the OpenClaw AI Agent Framework
  2. 2026OpenClaw PRISM: A Zero-Fork, Defense-in-Depth Runtime Security Layer for Tool-Augmented LLM Agents
  3. 2026Clawed and Dangerous: Can We Trust Open Agentic Systems?
  4. 2026Uncovering Security Threats and Architecting Defenses in Autonomous Agents: A Case Study of OpenClaw
  5. 2026OpenClaw and Ollama in Agentic AI: Toward Fully Autonomous and Scalable AI Agent Systems
  6. 2026AgentAudit: An Open, Extensible Framework for Full-Lifecycle Trust Evaluation of AI Agents
  7. 2026Taming OpenClaw: Security Analysis and Mitigation of Autonomous LLM Agent Threats
  8. 2026AgentXploit: Autonomous Repository-to-Runtime Red-Teaming for AI Agents