mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Automatic Generation of High-Performance RL Environments

arXiv 2603.12145 ↗First posted 12 Mar 2026cs.LG cs.AI cs.SEcited by 0

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Abstract (arXiv)

Translating complex reinforcement learning (RL) environments into high-performance implementations has traditionally required months of specialized engineering. We present a closed-loop methodology that produces equivalent high-performance environments for minimal compute cost. Our method uses a generic prompt template, hierarchical verification (property, interaction, and rollout tests), iterative repair, and cross-backend policy transfer to verify no sim-to-sim gap. We demonstrate three distinct workflows across five environments: (1) Direct translation (no prior performance implementation exists) from Game Boy emulator PyBoy to our EmuRust (via Rust IPC) and from Pokemon Showdown to our PokeJAX (via JAX); (2) Translation verified against existing performance implementations via throughput parity with Puffer Pong, MJX and Brax at matched GPU batch sizes; and (3) New environment creation: TCGJax, the first Pokemon TCG Pocket environment, created from a web-extracted specification. At 200M parameters, the environment overhead drops below 4% of training time. Our closed-loop methodology confirms equivalence for all five environments. TCGJax, synthesized from a private reference absent from public repositories, serves as a contamination control for agent pretraining data concerns.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 21 of its 30 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Mar 2026.

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21 of 30 references.

References · 21

  1. 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 14,441
  2. 2023SWE-bench: Can Language Models Resolve Real-World GitHub Issues?cited by 3,193
  3. 2022Competition-Level Code Generation with AlphaCodecited by 1,427
  4. 2017Domain Randomization for Transferring Deep Neural Networks from Simulation to the Real Worldcited by 1,401
  5. 2022A Generalist Agentcited by 802
  6. 2023Eureka: Human-Level Reward Design via Coding Large Language Modelscited by 542
  7. 2020Sim-to-Real Transfer in Deep Reinforcement Learning for Robotics: a Surveycited by 388
  8. 2021Brax -- A Differentiable Physics Engine for Large Scale Rigid Body Simulationcited by 375
  9. 2020Unsupervised Translation of Programming Languagescited by 262
  10. 2023Text2Reward: Reward Shaping with Language Models for Reinforcement Learningcited by 153
  11. 2022Discovered Policy Optimisationcited by 103
  12. 2020Sample Factory: Egocentric 3D Control from Pixels at 100000 FPS with Asynchronous Reinforcement Learningcited by 84
9 more
  1. 2024Craftax: A Lightning-Fast Benchmark for Open-Ended Reinforcement Learningcited by 80
  2. 2023JaxMARL: Multi-Agent RL Environments and Algorithms in JAXcited by 59
  3. 2022EnvPool: A Highly Parallel Reinforcement Learning Environment Execution Enginecited by 58
  4. 2023Pgx: Hardware-Accelerated Parallel Game Simulators for Reinforcement Learningcited by 45
  5. 2025A Survey of Sim-to-Real Methods in RL: Progress, Prospects and Challenges with Foundation Modelscited by 36
  6. 2024PufferLib: Making Reinforcement Learning Libraries and Environments Play Nicecited by 22
  7. 2025Pok'eChamp: an Expert-level Minimax Language Agentcited by 16
  8. 2025Migrating Code At Scale With LLMs At Googlecited by 14
  9. 2025Human-Level Competitive Pok'emon via Scalable Offline Reinforcement Learning with Transformerscited by 4

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