FlowW2N: Whispered-to-Normal Speech Conversion via Flow-Matching
On the map: Diffusion models → Audio, speech and music
Abstract (arXiv)
Whispered-to-normal (W2N) speech conversion aims to reconstruct missing phonation from whispered input while preserving content and speaker identity. This task is challenging due to temporal misalignment between whisper and voiced recordings and lack of paired data. We propose FlowW2N, a conditional flow matching approach that trains exclusively on synthetic, time-aligned whisper-normal pairs and conditions on domain-invariant features. We exploit high-level ASR embeddings that exhibits strong invariance between synthetic and real whispered speech, enabling generalization to real whispers despite never observing it during training. We verify this invariance across ASR layers and propose a selection criterion optimizing content informativeness and cross-domain invariance. Our method achieves SOTA intelligibility on the CHAINS and wTIMIT datasets, reducing Word Error Rate by 26-46% relative to prior work while using only 10 steps at inference and requiring no real paired data, validated by a subjective listening study and F0-contour analysis.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio, speech and music, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 22 of its 35 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Mar 2026.
Builds on
22 of 35 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2025ReFlow-VC: Zero-shot Voice Conversion Based on Rectified Flow and Speaker Feature Optimization1 Jun
- 2023VoiceFlow: Efficient Text-to-Speech with Rectified Flow Matching10 Sep
- 2022StoRM: A Diffusion-based Stochastic Regeneration Model for Speech Enhancement and Dereverberation22 Dec
- 2022Speech Enhancement and Dereverberation with Diffusion-based Generative Models11 Aug
- 2020DiffWave: A Versatile Diffusion Model for Audio Synthesis21 Sep
Other references · 17
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformerscited by 5,931
- 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,426
- 2022Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervisioncited by 3,972
- 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,550
- 2021HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Unitscited by 2,301
- 2020ECAPA-TDNN: Emphasized Channel Attention, Propagation and Aggregation in TDNN Based Speaker Verificationcited by 606
- 2022UTMOS: UTokyo-SaruLab System for VoiceMOS Challenge 2022cited by 381
- 2023WhisperX: Time-Accurate Speech Transcription of Long-Form Audiocited by 320
- 2020DNSMOS: A Non-Intrusive Perceptual Objective Speech Quality metric to evaluate Noise Suppressorscited by 235
- 2024Fast Timing-Conditioned Latent Audio Diffusioncited by 178
- 2022Comparative layer-wise analysis of self-supervised speech modelscited by 155
5 more
- 2023EXPRESSO: A Benchmark and Analysis of Discrete Expressive Speech Resynthesiscited by 93
- 2021A Comparison of Discrete and Soft Speech Units for Improved Voice Conversioncited by 61
- 2023WESPER: Zero-shot and Realtime Whisper to Normal Voice Conversion for Whisper-based Speech Interactionscited by 6
- 2023Vocoder-Free Non-Parallel Conversion of Whispered Speech With Masked Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 2
- 2023Improving Whispered Speech Recognition Performance using Pseudo-whispered based Data Augmentationcited by 2
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- 2026Stride-k Subsampling: Train-Free Audio Token Reduction for Whisper
- 2025REF-VC: Robust, Expressive and Fast Zero-Shot Voice Conversion with Diffusion Transformers
- 2025VoiceRestore: Flow-Matching Transformers for Speech Recording Quality Restoration
- 2025OZSpeech: One-step Zero-shot Speech Synthesis with Learned-Prior-Conditioned Flow Matching
- 2025AdaptVC: High Quality Voice Conversion with Adaptive Learning
- 2026MeanVoiceFlow2: Joint Optimization of Mean Flow and Content Encoder for Fast One-Step Zero-Shot Voice Conversion
- 2026Phoenix TTS: High-Fidelity Synthesis and Voice Conversion via Flow-Matching-Driven Speech Tokenization
- 2026PFluxTTS: Hybrid Flow-Matching TTS with Robust Cross-Lingual Voice Cloning and Inference-Time Model Fusion