mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Beyond Static Artifacts: A Forensic Benchmark for Video Deepfake Reasoning in Vision Language Models

arXiv 2602.21779 ↗First posted 25 Feb 2026cs.CV cs.AIcited by 0

On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning

also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)

Current Vision-Language Models (VLMs) for deepfake detection excel at identifying spatial artifacts but overlook a critical dimension: temporal inconsistencies in video forgeries. Adapting VLMs to reason about these dynamic cues remains a distinct challenge. To bridge this gap, we propose Forensic Answer-Questioning (FAQ), a large-scale benchmark that formulates temporal deepfake analysis as a multiple-choice task. FAQ introduces a three-level hierarchy to progressively evaluate and equip VLMs with forensic capabilities: (1) Facial Perception, testing the ability to identify static visual artifacts; (2) Temporal Deepfake Grounding, requiring the localization of dynamic forgery artifacts across frames; and (3) Forensic Reasoning, challenging models to synthesize evidence for final authenticity verdicts. We evaluate a range of VLMs on FAQ and generate a corresponding instruction-tuning set, FAQ-IT. Extensive experiments show that models fine-tuned on FAQ-IT achieve advanced performance on both in-domain and cross-dataset detection benchmarks. Ablation studies further validate the impact of our key design choices, confirming that FAQ is the driving force behind the temporal reasoning capabilities of these VLMs.

Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 23 of its 48 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Feb 2026.

Builds on

23 of 48 references.

References · 23

  1. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  2. 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,418
  3. 2024GPT-4o System Cardcited by 4,467
  4. 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 4,362
  5. 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,655
  6. 2017Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variationcited by 2,967
  7. 2025gpt-oss-120b & gpt-oss-20b Model Cardcited by 1,258
  8. 2019FaceForensics++: Learning to Detect Manipulated Facial Imagescited by 1,095
  9. 2024How Far Are We to GPT-4V? Closing the Gap to Commercial Multimodal Models with Open-Source Suitescited by 1,033
  10. 2023ShareGPT4V: Improving Large Multi-Modal Models with Better Captionscited by 1,000
  11. 2024DeepSeek-VL: Towards Real-World Vision-Language Understandingcited by 718
  12. 2023The Dawn of LMMs: Preliminary Explorations with GPT-4V(ision)cited by 677
11 more
  1. 2019Celeb-DF: A Large-scale Challenging Dataset for DeepFake Forensicscited by 573
  2. 2023Scaling up GANs for Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 492
  3. 2024ShareGPT4Video: Improving Video Understanding and Generation with Better Captionscited by 386
  4. 2020DeeperForensics-1.0: A Large-Scale Dataset for Real-World Face Forgery Detectioncited by 251
  5. 2021WildDeepfake: A Challenging Real-World Dataset for Deepfake Detectioncited by 207
  6. 2025InternVideo2.5: Empowering Video MLLMs with Long and Rich Context Modelingcited by 203
  7. 2018Do GANs leave artificial fingerprints?cited by 188
  8. 2024DeMamba: AI-Generated Video Detection on Million-Scale GenVideo Benchmarkcited by 85
  9. 2024Exploiting Style Latent Flows for Generalizing Deepfake Video Detectioncited by 58
  10. 2024Towards More General Video-based Deepfake Detection through Facial Component Guided Adaptation for Foundation Modelcited by 37
  11. 2025Vulnerability-Aware Spatio-Temporal Learning for Generalizable Deepfake Video Detectioncited by 8

Built on by

Not cited yet.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025FORGE: Forensic Reasoning with Grounded Evidence
  2. 2025LLMs Are Not Yet Ready for Deepfake Image Detection
  3. 2026Look Before You Judge: Training-Free Region Mining for Grounded and Explainable Deepfake Detection
  4. 2024A Hitchhikers Guide to Fine-Grained Face Forgery Detection Using Common Sense Reasoning
  5. 2026Unleashing Vision-Language Semantics for Deepfake Video Detection
  6. 2025Unlocking the Capabilities of Large Vision-Language Models for Generalizable and Explainable Deepfake Detection
  7. 2026Deepfake Forensics Adapter: A Dual-Stream Network for Generalizable Deepfake Detection
  8. 2026VIGIL: Part-Grounded Structured Reasoning for Generalizable Deepfake Detection