TwiFF (Think With Future Frames): A Large-Scale Dataset for Dynamic Visual Reasoning
On the map: LLM reasoning → Multimodal reasoning
Abstract (arXiv)
Visual Chain-of-Thought (VCoT) has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing multimodal reasoning by integrating visual perception into intermediate reasoning steps. However, existing VCoT approaches are largely confined to static scenarios and struggle to capture the temporal dynamics essential for tasks such as instruction, prediction, and camera motion. To bridge this gap, we propose TwiFF-2.7M, the first large-scale, temporally grounded VCoT dataset derived from 2.7 million video clips, explicitly designed for dynamic visual question and answer. Accompanying this, we introduce TwiFF-Bench, a high-quality evaluation benchmark of 1,078 samples that assesses both the plausibility of reasoning trajectories and the correctness of final answers in open-ended dynamic settings. Building on these foundations, we propose the TwiFF model, a unified modal that synergistically leverages pre-trained video generation and image comprehension capabilities to produce temporally coherent visual reasoning cues-iteratively generating future action frames and textual reasoning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that TwiFF significantly outperforms existing VCoT methods and Textual Chain-of-Thought baselines on dynamic reasoning tasks, which fully validates the effectiveness for visual question answering in dynamic scenarios. Our code and data is available at https://github.com/LiuJunhua02/TwiFF.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal reasoning, one of 17 directions in LLM reasoning. Builds on 23 of its 34 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 11 Feb 2026.
Builds on
23 of 34 references.
Closest ancestors · 13
Same direction, newest first
- 2026Omni-R1: Towards the Unified Generative Paradigm for Multimodal Reasoning14 Jan
- 2025ThinkMorph: Emergent Properties in Multimodal Interleaved Chain-of-Thought Reasoning30 Oct
- 2025MathCanvas: Intrinsic Visual Chain-of-Thought for Multimodal Mathematical Reasoning16 Oct
- 2025InternVL3.5: Advancing Open-Source Multimodal Models in Versatility, Reasoning, and Efficiency25 Aug
- 2025Thyme: Think Beyond Images15 Aug
- 2025Zebra-CoT: A Dataset for Interleaved Vision Language Reasoning22 Jul
- 2025Thinking with Images for Multimodal Reasoning: Foundations, Methods, and Future Frontiers30 Jun
- 2025DeepEyes: Incentivizing "Thinking with Images" via Reinforcement Learning20 May
- 2025Exploring the Effect of Reinforcement Learning on Video Understanding: Insights from SEED-Bench-R131 Mar
- 2025MME-CoT: Benchmarking Chain-of-Thought in Large Multimodal Models for Reasoning Quality, Robustness, and Efficiency13 Feb
- 2025Imagine while Reasoning in Space: Multimodal Visualization-of-Thought13 Jan
- 2025ReFocus: Visual Editing as a Chain of Thought for Structured Image Understanding9 Jan
Other references · 10
- 2025Qwen3 Technical Reportcited by 8,195
- 2025Qwen2.5-VL Technical Reportcited by 5,418
- 2024Qwen2.5 Technical Reportcited by 4,713
- 2025Qwen3-VL Technical Reportcited by 2,534
- 2023MM-Vet: Evaluating Large Multimodal Models for Integrated Capabilitiescited by 1,221
- 2025Qwen3 Embedding: Advancing Text Embedding and Reranking Through Foundation Modelscited by 1,175
- 2025Emerging Properties in Unified Multimodal Pretrainingcited by 855
- 2025Janus-Pro: Unified Multimodal Understanding and Generation with Data and Model Scalingcited by 787
- 2025Towards Unified World Models for Visual Navigation via Memory-Augmented Planning and Foresightcited by 11
- 2025COOPER: A Unified Model for Cooperative Perception and Reasoning in Spatial Intelligencecited by 9
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
- 2026Imagine Before You Predict: Interleaved Latent Visual Reasoning for Video Event Predictioncited by 1
- 2026See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States?cited by 0
- 2026SciDocBench: A Workflow-Centered Benchmark and Data Pipeline for Scientific Document Understandingcited by 0
- 2026SciDocBench: A Workflow-Centered Benchmark and Data Pipeline for Scientific Document Understanding4 Sep 2026
- 2026See2Think: Do Multimodal Models Really Use Intermediate Visual States?29 Jul 2026
- 2026Imagine Before You Predict: Interleaved Latent Visual Reasoning for Video Event Prediction4 Jun 2026
Similar, not cited
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- 2025Video Finetuning Improves Reasoning Between Frames
- 2023Visual Chain of Thought: Bridging Logical Gaps with Multimodal Infillings
- 2025VisReason: A Large-Scale Dataset for Visual Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
- 2025Reasoning Within the Mind: Dynamic Multimodal Interleaving in Latent Space
- 2025VChain: Chain-of-Visual-Thought for Reasoning in Video Generation
- 2024Video-of-Thought: Step-by-Step Video Reasoning from Perception to Cognition
- 2025VCR-Bench: A Comprehensive Evaluation Framework for Video Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
- 2026Beyond Visual CoT: Internalized Visual Thinking for Proactive Video Reasoning